hazard

English

Wikipedia

Etymology

From Old French hasart (“a game of dice”) (noun), hasarder (verb), probably from Arabic الزّهر (az-zahr, “the dice”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA: /ˈhazəd/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Noun

hazard (plural hazards)

1. (historical) A type of game played with dice. [from 14th c.]
2. Chance. [from 16th c.]
   • 2006, John Patterson, The Guardian, 20 May 06:

     I see animated movies are now managing, by hazard or design, to reflect our contemporary reality more accurately than live-action movies.

3. The chance of suffering harm; danger, peril, risk of loss. [from 16th c.]
   • 1599, Wm. Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Julius Caesar

     Why, now, blow wind, swell billow, and swim bark! The storm is up and all is on the hazard.

   • 2006, Edwin Black, chapter 1, Internal Combustion^[1]:

     If successful, Edison and Ford—in 1914—would move society away from the ever more expensive and then universally known killing hazards of gasoline cars: […] .

   • 2009, Barbara Ellen, The Guardian, 27 Dec 09:

     Quite apart from the gruesome road hazards, snow is awful even when you don't have to travel.

4. An obstacle or other feature which causes risk or danger; originally in sports, and now applied more generally. [from 19th c.]

   The video game involves guiding a character on a skateboard past all kinds of hazards.

5. (golf) sand or water obstacle on a golf course

Derived terms

Terms derived from hazard (noun)

biohazard chemical hazard

hazardous moral hazard

multihazard occupational hazard

Translations

chance

• Dutch: toeval (nl)
• French: hasard (fr) m
• German: Zufall (de) m
• Ido: hazardo (io)

• Portuguese: risco (pt) m, azar (pt)
• Romanian: hazard (ro) n, întâmplare (ro) f
• Russian: шанс (ru) (šans) m, случай (ru) (slúčaj) m
• Spanish: riesgo (es) m

peril

• Armenian: վտանգ (hy) (vtang)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 風險 (cmn), 风险 (cmn) (fēngxiǎn), 危險 (cmn), 危险 (cmn) (wēixiǎn)

• Czech: nebezpečí (cs), riziko (cs)
• Dutch: gevaar (nl)
• Finnish: vaara (fi)

• French: danger (fr) m
• German: Gefahr (de) f
• Japanese: ハザード (ja) (hazādo), 危険 (ja) (きけん, kiken), リスク (ja) (risuku)
• Polish: niebezpieczeństwo (pl) n, ryzyko (pl) n
• Russian: опасность (ru) (opásnostʹ) f, риск (ru) (risk) m
• Scottish Gaelic: cunnart (gd) m
• Spanish: peligro (es) m

obstacle in golf

• Czech: překážka (cs) f
• French: hasard (fr)

• Russian: помеха (ru) (poméxa) f

Verb

hazard (third-person singular simple present hazards, present participle hazarding, simple past and past participle hazarded)

1. To expose to chance; to take a risk.

   I'll hazard a guess.

2. To incur or venture.

Translations

to chance; to take a risk

• French: tenter (fr), hasarder (fr)

• Spanish: arriesgar (es), peligrar (es)

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Czech

Etymology

Borrowing from German, from Old French hasart.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ɦazart/

Noun

hazard m

1. gambling
2. risk, gamble

Declension

    declension of hazard

	singular	plural
nominative	hazard	hazardy
genitive	hazardu	hazardů
dative	hazardu	hazardům
accusative	hazard	hazardy
vocative	hazarde	hazardy
locative	hazardu	hazardech
instrumental	hazardem	hazardy

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French

Noun

hazard m (plural hazards)

1. Archaic spelling of hasard, chiefly used before 1800

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Italian

Noun

hazard m (invariable)

1. hazard lights (on a vehicle)

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Middle French

Noun

hazard m (plural hazards)

1. hazard; obstacle

Descendants

• French: hasard

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Polish

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

hazard (plural: hazards)

1. gambling

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Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA: /xǎzard/
• Hyphenation: ha‧zard

Noun

hàzard m (Cyrillic spelling ха̀зард)

1. gamble, gambling
2. risk, hazard

Declension

    declension of hazard

	singular	plural
nominative	hazard	hazardi
genitive	hazarda	hazarda
dative	hazardu	hazardima
accusative	hazard	hazarde
vocative	hazarde	hazardi
locative	hazardu	hazardima
instrumental	hazardom	hazardima