lišák
Czech[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From liška + -ák. It comes from Proto-Slavic *lisa, *lisъ. The modern form was probably also influenced by Proto-Slavic *lixъ (“bad”), maybe because the original word was taboo. Etymology of the expression *lisъ is not clear. It is often connected with Lithuanian lãpė, Latvian lapsa, Irish lois, Latin vulpes, Ancient Greek ἀλώπηξ (alṓpēx), Old Armenian աղուէս (ałuēs) (all meaning "fox") and Sanskrit लोपाश (lopāśa, “a kind of jackal”).[1]
Noun[edit]
lišák m anim (feminine liška)
- male fox, reynard
- 1920, Rudolf Těsnohlídek, Liška Bystrouška[1], Brno: Polygrafie, page 203:
- Bystrouška byla docela spokojena a s lítostí vzpomínala na starého tátu lišáka, co se chudák časem nasháněl a nastaral, než přinesl starou kavku pro celou svou rodinu.
- Sharp-ears was quite satisfied and regretfully remembered the old father reynard, how much time he, poor one, used to spend before he brought an old jackdaw for all his family.
- fox (a cunning person)
- Synonyms: liška, liška podšitá, podšívka
- 1932, Karel Čapek, “Thersites”, in Kniha apokryfů[2]:
- My Helénové válčíme za první proto, aby starý lišák Agamemnon nahrabal plné pytle kořisti; za druhé proto, aby hejsek Achilles ukojil svou nezřízenou ctižádost; za třetí proto, aby podvodník Odysseus nás okrádal na válečných dodávkách; a konečně proto, aby jakýsi podplacený jarmareční zpěvák, nějaký Homér, nebo jak se ten pobuda jmenuje, za špinavých pár šestáků dělal slávu největším zrádcům řeckého národa a přitom hanobil, nebo aspoň umlčel ty pravé, skromné, obětavé hrdiny achajské, jako jste vy. Tak je to, Hippodame.
- We, Hellenes, wage wars firstly so that the old fox Agamemnon filled his bags with loot; secondly so that the dandy Achilles satisfied his exuberant ambitions; thirdly so that the fraud Odysseus robbed us of war supplies; and finally so that some bribed fairground singer, some Homer or whatever the vagabond's name is, for a few coins made the biggest traitors of the Greek nation famous and at the same time defamed the real, modest and self-sacrificing Achaean heroes as you are. That's how it is, Hippodamus.
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
The fungus of the genus Hydnum acquired the name due to the similar colour of some of their species with fox (Czech liška, male lišák, see Etymology 1).
Noun[edit]
Wikispecies lišák m inan
Usage notes[edit]
Although the word lišák in the sense Hydnum should be declined as masculine inanimate, in practical colloquial usage the animate declension also sometimes appears.[2]
Declension[edit]
when inanimate:
when animate:
Hypernyms[edit]
- (genus Hydnum): houby – kingdom; stopkovýtrusné – division; rouškaté – class; liškotvaré – order; lišákovité – family
Hyponyms[edit]
- (genus Hydnum): lišák bělavý, lišák ryšavý, lišák zprohýbaný – species
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “liška”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 382
- ^ Z našich časopisů, Naše řeč, volume 30 (1946), issue 2–3
Further reading[edit]
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Czech/ʃaːk
- Rhymes:Czech/ʃaːk/2 syllables
- Czech terms suffixed with -ák
- Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech animate nouns
- Czech terms with quotations
- Czech masculine animate nouns
- Czech velar-stem masculine animate nouns
- Czech inanimate nouns
- Czech masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech velar-stem masculine inanimate nouns
- cs:Foxes
- cs:Male animals
- cs:Mushrooms
- cs:People