ní
Contents |
Irish [edit]
Pronunciation [edit]
- IPA: [n̠ʲiː], [nʲiː]
Etymology 1 [edit]
From Old Irish níd
Alternative forms [edit]
Noun [edit]
ní m (genitive ní, nominative plural nithe)
Synonyms [edit]
Derived terms [edit]
- neamhní (“nothing”)
Etymology 2 [edit]
From Old Irish nige.
Alternative forms [edit]
- nighe (obsolete)
Noun [edit]
ní f (genitive nite)
- Verbal noun of nigh.
Etymology 3 [edit]
From Old Irish ní.
Particle [edit]
ní
- not (preverbal particle)
- Ní thuigim. — I do not understand.
- Ní dheachaigh mé ansin. — I did not go there.
- Ní bhfaighidh siad é. — They will not find it.
- not (present copular form)
- Ní críonnacht creagaireacht. — Miserliness is not thrift.
- Ní hionann iad. — They are not the same.
- An gloine é? Ní hea. — Is it glass? No.
Usage notes [edit]
The preverbal particle triggers lenition of a following consonant. Not used in the past tense except for some irregular verbs. Takes the dependent form of irregular verbs. The copular form triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel.
Related terms [edit]
- cha (nonstandard)
- níor (used in the past tense with regular and some irregular verbs, also the past/conditional copular form)
Simple copular forms
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Compound copular forms
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Lakota [edit]
Adjective [edit]
ní
Mandarin [edit]
Romanization [edit]
ní (form of ni2 with diacritic)
- See 倪
- See 呢
- See 坭
- See 埿
- See 妫
- See 婗
- See 尼
- See 屔
- See 怩
- See 泥
- See 淣
- See 狋
- See 猊
- See 秜
- See 籾
- See 臡
- See 蚭
- See 蜺
- See 觬
- See 貎
- See 跜
- See 輗
- See 郳
- See 鈦
- See 霓
- See 鯓
- See 鯢, 鲵
- See 麑
- See 齯
[edit]
Pronunciation [edit]
-
Audio (NV) (file)
Verb [edit]
ní
Usage notes [edit]
This verb is frequently used for quoted speech. To introduce quoted speech, just add the prefix a- to any of the forms of the verb. This modifies the meaning to something like "to say as follows" or "to say thus":
- Asdzą́ aní, Beeʼeldííl Dahsinilgóó deekai, ní. — That woman says, “we are going to Albuquerque,” she says.
Conjugation [edit]
| IMPERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | dishní | diiʼní | dadiiʼní |
| 2nd person | diní | dohní | dadohní |
| 3rd person | ní | daaní | |
| 4th person | jiní | dajiní | |
| PERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | dííniid | diiʼniid | dadiiʼniid |
| 2nd person | dííníniid | dohniid | dadohniid |
| 3rd person | dííniid | dadííniid | |
| 4th person | jidííniid | dazhdííniid | |
| FUTURE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | dideeshniił | didiiʼniił | dadiiʼniił |
| 2nd person | didííniił | didoohniił | dadidoohniił |
| 3rd person | didooniił | dadidooniił | |
| 4th person | jididooniił | dazhdidooniił | |
Old Irish [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From Proto-Celtic *nīs (compare Welsh ni), from *nēsti (“is not”), from Proto-Indo-European *ne h₁esti (compare Sanskrit न (na), Latin ne, Gothic 𐌽𐌹 (ni)).
Particle [edit]
ní
- not
- circa 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, Wb. 24a38
- Ní epur a n-anman sund.
- I do not say their names here.
- Ní epur a n-anman sund.
- circa 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, Wb. 24a38
Usage notes [edit]
Followed by the dependent form of the verb, which (in Old Irish) is not subjected to nasalization or lenition mutation unless a direct object pronoun is implied. Compare:
- Ní ben inna firu "He does not strike the men": Here the b of ben is unmutated.
- Ní mben "He does not strike him": Here the b of ben is nasalized to mb.
- Ní ben "He does not strike it": Here the b of ben is lenited.
In Middle Irish increasingly, and in Modern Irish always, ní lenites the following verb.
Synonyms [edit]
Descendants [edit]
- Irish: ní
Verb [edit]
ní
- is not, isn't
- circa 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, Wb. 12c29
- Ní ar formut frib-si as·biur-sa inso.
- It is not because of envy towards you that I say this.
- Ní ar formut frib-si as·biur-sa inso.
- circa 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, Wb. 12c29
Conjugation [edit]
| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | níta, nída | nítan, nídan |
| 2 | níta, nída | nítad, nídad |
| 3 | ní | nítat, nídat |
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish nouns
- Irish verbal nouns
- Irish particles
- Lakota adjectives
- Mandarin pinyin with diacritics
- Mandarin pinyin
- Navajo verbs
- nv:Talking
- Navajo terms with audio links
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish particles
- Old Irish verbs