ní
Bassa
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ní
References
[edit]- Bassa-English Dictionary
- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
Cogui
[edit]Noun
[edit]ní
References
[edit]- Grace Hensarli, The function of -ki 'switch' in Kogi
Czech
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ní
Dakota
[edit]Verb
[edit]ní
Irish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Irish ní (“something”, n of nech) conflated with a reanalysis of Old Irish aní (“that which”) as an ní (“the thing”).[1][2]
Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]ní m (genitive singular ní, nominative plural nithe or neathanna)
Declension
[edit]
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
Alternative plural: neathanna
Derived terms
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ní
- which (referring back to a clause) (followed by a relative clause)
- 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études; 270) (overall work in French), Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, page 194:
- Do bhíodar sé mhí gan fille, agus nuair a chonaic Máire an t-árthach ag teacht chun cuain, bhí sceitimíní ar a croidhe le lúthgháir agus le h-áthas, ní nárbh’ iongnadh.
- They were [away] six months without returning, and when Máire saw the vessel coming to port, her heart had raptures of gladness and joy, which was not surprising.
Etymology 2
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]ní f (genitive singular nite)
Verb
[edit]ní
Etymology 3
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- cha (Ulster)
- níor (used in the past tense with regular and some irregular verbs, also the past/conditional copular form)
Particle
[edit]ní[7]
- not (preverbal particle)
- Ní thuigim. ― I do not understand.
- Ní dheachaigh mé ansin. ― I did not go there.
- Ní bhfaighidh siad é. ― They will not find it.
- not (present copular form)
- Ní críonnacht creagaireacht. ― Miserliness is not thrift.
- Ní hionann iad. ― They are not the same.
- An gloine é? Ní hea. ― Is it glass? No.
Usage notes
[edit]The preverbal particle triggers lenition of a following consonant. It is not used in the past tense except for some irregular verbs. It takes the dependent form of irregular verbs. The copular form triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel.
See also
[edit]Simple copular forms
|
Compound copular forms
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
v Used before vowel sounds |
Etymology 4
[edit]
Verb
[edit]ní
- Alternative spelling of ghní
References
[edit]- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ní ‘anything’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 ní ‘a thing’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “níḋ”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 518
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “nige”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “niġe”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 519
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “3 ní ‘not’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “ní ‘not’”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 517
Further reading
[edit]- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ní”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “ní”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “ní”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
Lakota
[edit]Adjective
[edit]ní
Mandarin
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Romanization
[edit]- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 倪
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 呢
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 坭
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 埿
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 妫
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 婗
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 尼
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 屔
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 怩
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 泥
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 淣
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 狋
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 猊
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 秜
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 籾
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 臡/𰯋
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蚭
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蜺
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 觬
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 貎
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 跜
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 輗/𫐐
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 郳
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鈦/钛
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 霓
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鯓
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鯢/鲵
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 麑
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 齯/𫠜
Middle Irish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Irish ní, from Proto-Celtic *nīs (compare Welsh ni), from Proto-Indo-European *ne h₁ésti (“is not”) (compare Sanskrit न (na), Latin ne, Gothic 𐌽𐌹 (ni)).
Particle
[edit]ní
- not
- c. 1000, Anonymous, published in (1935) Rudolf Thurneysen, editor, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó (in Middle Irish), Dublin: Staionery Office, § 1, l. 15, page 2: “Mani·tucad immurgu ní din chéttadall ni·bered a n-aill. ― If, however, he did not take anything at (literally “from”) his first thrust, he did not bring the second.”
Descendants
[edit]- Irish: ní
Verb
[edit]ní
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ní
- something, anything
- c. 1000, Anonymous, published in (1935) Rudolf Thurneysen, editor, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó (in Middle Irish), Dublin: Staionery Office, § 1, l. 15, page 2: “Mani·tucad immurgu ní din chéttadall ni·bered a n-aill. ― If, however, he did not take anything at (literally “from”) his first thrust, he did not bring the second.”
Navajo
[edit]Etymology
[edit]di- (“oral”) + -∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -ní (neuter imperfective stem of root -NIID, “to say”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Verb
[edit]ní
Usage notes
[edit]This verb is frequently used for quoted speech. To introduce quoted speech, just add the prefix á- (“thus”) to any of the forms of the verb. This modifies the meaning to something like "to say as follows" or "to say thus":
- Asdzą́ą́ ání, Beeʼeldííl Dahsinilgóó deekai, ní. — That woman says, “we are going to Albuquerque,” she says.
This is a neuter verb that uses only the imperfective mode. Other modes are suppleted by the active verb niih, reproduced below for convenience.
Conjugation
[edit]Paradigm: Neuter imperfective (∅), with some irregularities.
NEUTER IMP | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | dishní | diiʼní | dadiiʼní |
2nd person | diní | dohní | dadohní |
3rd person | ní | daaní | |
4th person | jiní | dajiní |
PERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | dííniid | diiʼniid | dadiiʼniid |
2nd person | dííníniid | dooniid | dadooniid |
3rd person | dííniid | dadííniid | |
4th person | jidííniid | dazhdííniid |
FUTURE | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | dideeshniił | didiiʼniił | dadidiiʼniił |
2nd person | didííniił | didoohniił | dadidoohniił |
3rd person | didooniił | dadidooniił | |
4th person | dizhdooniił | dazhdidooniił |
ITERATIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | ńdíshʼniih | ńdiiʼniih | ńdadiiʼniih |
2nd person | ńdíʼniih | ńdóhʼniih | ńdadohʼniih |
3rd person | ńdíʼniih | ńdadiʼniih | |
4th person | nízhdíʼniih | ńdazhdiʼniih |
OPTATIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | dóshneʼ | dooʼneʼ | dadooʼneʼ |
2nd person | dóóneʼ | doohneʼ | dadoohneʼ́ |
3rd person | dóneʼ | dadóneʼ | |
4th person | jidóneʼ | dazhdóneʼ |
See also
[edit]Old Irish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Celtic *nīs (compare Welsh ni), from Proto-Indo-European *ne h₁ésti (“is not”) (compare Sanskrit न (na), Latin ne, Gothic 𐌽𐌹 (ni)).
Particle
[edit]ní
Usage notes
[edit]Followed by the dependent form of the verb, which (in Old Irish) is not subjected to nasalization or lenition mutation unless a direct object pronoun is implied. Compare:
- Ní ben inna firu ― He does not strike the men
- Ní creti a scél ― He does not believe the story
- Here the b of ben and the c of creti are unmutated.
- Ní mben ― He does not strike him
- Ní creti ― He does not believe him
- Here the b of ben and the c of creti are nasalized to mb and /ɡ/ respectively.
- Ní ben ― He does not strike it
- Ní chreti ― He does not believe it
- Here the b of ben and the c of creti are lenited to /β/ and ch respectively.
In Middle Irish increasingly, and in Modern Irish always, ní lenites the following verb.
Descendants
[edit]Verb
[edit]ní
- is not, isn’t
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 12c29
- Ní ar formut frib-si as·biur-sa inso.
- It is not because of envy towards you that I say this.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 20c25
- Níta chumme-se friusom.
- I am not like them.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 23d23
- Cía thés hí loc bes ardu, ní ardu de; ní samlid són dúnni, air ⟨im⟩mi ardu-ni de tri dul isna lucu arda.
- Though he may go into a higher place, he is not the higher; this is not the case for us, for we are the higher through going into the high places.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 12c29
Conjugation
[edit]See relevant rows at Appendix:Old Irish conjugation of is.
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ní
For quotations using this term, see Citations:ní.
Declension
[edit]Case | Animate | Neuter |
---|---|---|
Nominative | nech | ní |
Accusative | nech | |
Genitive | neich | |
Dative | neuch, neoch |
Alternative forms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Mutation
[edit]Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
ní also nní after a proclitic ending in a vowel |
ní pronounced with /n(ʲ)-/ |
unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Rawang
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Numeral
[edit]ní
- two.
Synonyms
[edit]- Bassa terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bassa lemmas
- Bassa nouns
- bsq:Water
- Cogui lemmas
- Cogui nouns
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech non-lemma forms
- Czech pronoun forms
- Dakota lemmas
- Dakota verbs
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish masculine nouns
- Irish fourth-declension nouns
- Irish pronouns
- Irish relative pronouns
- Irish terms with quotations
- Irish feminine nouns
- Irish verbal nouns
- Irish non-lemma forms
- Irish verb forms
- Irish particles
- Irish negative particles
- Irish terms with usage examples
- Lakota lemmas
- Lakota adjectives
- Hanyu Pinyin
- Mandarin non-lemma forms
- Middle Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Middle Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Middle Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Middle Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Middle Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle Irish lemmas
- Middle Irish particles
- Middle Irish verbs
- Middle Irish pronouns
- Middle Irish indefinite pronouns
- Navajo terms prefixed with di-
- Navajo terms prefixed with ∅- (classifier)
- Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIID (say)
- Navajo terms with audio links
- Navajo lemmas
- Navajo verbs
- Navajo terms with usage examples
- Navajo irregular verbs
- Navajo verbs in the neuter imperfective (∅) aspect
- nv:Talking
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish particles
- Old Irish negative particles
- Old Irish terms with quotations
- Old Irish terms with usage examples
- Old Irish verbs
- Old Irish pronouns
- Old Irish indefinite pronouns
- Rawang terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rawang lemmas
- Rawang numerals