pilns

Latvian

Alternative forms

• pills (dialectal)

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pílˀnas, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós, from the root *pleh₁- (“to pour, to flow; to heap, to fill”). The original meaning was thus “poured”, “flowed”, “heaped”, from which “filled”.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pīlns]

Adjective

pilns (definite pilnais, comparative pilnāks, superlative vispilnākais, adverb pilnam, pilnām)

1. (of containers) full (without any space left)

   pilna bļoda ― full bowl

   pilna kanna ar pienu ― pot full of milk

   piebērt pilnus grozus ar kartupeļiem ― to load baskets full of potatoes

   piesmelt pilnu spaini ar ūdeni ― to draw a full bucket of water

2. (of spaces, rooms) full (completely occupied)

   pilns skapis ar drēbēm ― a wardrobe full of clothes

   pilns penālis ar zīmuļiem ― a pencil case full of pencils

   piekraut pilnu šķūni ar sienu ― to load a barn full of hay

3. (of flat objects) full (with completely occupied surface; with many thing on its surface)

   pilns galds ― full table (with food, drinks, etc.)

   zeme piebirusi pilna ar āboliem ― the earth was covered full of apples

   piebārstīt pilnu grīdu ar skaidām ― to scatter sawdust all over the floor

4. (of paper, books, etc.) full (completely written, drawn over; with many writings, drawings)

   pierakstīt pilnu kladi ar lekcijām ― to fill a notebook (= to write it full) with lectures

   burtnīca pilna ar stundu plāniem ― a notebook full of lesson plans

   grāmata pilna ar krāsainiem zīmējumiem ― a book full of colorful illustrations

5. (of places, objects) full (with many people, animals, plants, objects; with all available places occupied; where some substance has spread)

   pilns veikals ar pircējiem ― a shop full of customers

   ielas pilnas turistu ― streets full of tourists

   ļaužu pilnas ielas ― streets full of people

   autobuss pilns ar pasažieriem ― a bus full of passengers

   strops pilns ar bitēm ― a hive full of bees

   pilns parks ar vāverem ― a park full of squirrels

   purvs pilns odu ― a swamp full of mosquitoes

   pilns dārzs ar ābelēm ― a garden full of apple trees

   šogad meži pilni sēņu ― this year the forests (are) full of mushrooms

   noliekt riekstu pilnu lazdas zaru ― to tilt, to bend a hazel branch full of nuts

   virtuve pilna ar dūmiem ― a kitchen full of smoke

   pagalms pilns ar bērnu čalām ― a yard full of children's chatter

6. (of substances) full (with considerable admixture of something else)

   graudi pilni pelavām ― grains full of chaff

   kaļķi pilni ar smiltīm ― lime filled with sand

   duļķu pilns ūdens ― water full of mud

7. (of natural phenomena) full (where something occurs or is formed in large quantites)

   ieleja pilna ar biezu miglu ― a valley full of thick mist

   zeme pilna valgmes ― land full of moisture, humidity

   ceļi pilni ar dubļiem ― roads full of mud

8. (of processes, activities) full (where some intense activity occurs, characterized by some intense activity)

   istaba ir rosības pilna ― the room is full of activity, of hustle and bustle

   grūtību pilns ceļojums ― a trip full of difficulties, hardships

   gaidu pilnas stundas ― hours full of waiting

   pārdzīvot laimes pilnus mirkļus ― to live, experience moments full of happiness, bliss

   optimisma pilns romāns ― a novel full of optimism

9. (of people or their actions) full (feeling, possessing some mental feature very intensely)

   prieka pilns bērns ― a child full of joy

   pārliecības pilns cilvēks ― a person full of confidence

   spēka pilns jauneklis ― a young man full of strength

   pārliecības pilna rīcība ― an action full of confidence

   neizpratnes pilna seja ― a face full of incomprehension

   naida pilns skatiens ― a look full of hate

   prieka pilns sauciens ― a cry full of joy

10. (of qualities, means; usually in locative) full (at the highest intensity, at the highest level of development)

    braukt pilnā ātrumā ― to drive at full speed

    pilna slodze ― full-time

    pilnā jaudā, ar pilnu jaudu ― at full capacity, with all strength

    runāt, dziedāt, kliegt pilnā balsī ― to speak, sing, shout at full voice

    pilnā kaujas gatavībā ― in full combat readiness

    rudzi ir pilnā briedumā ― the rye is in full maturity

11. (of plans, books, courses, teams) full, complete, whole, entire (covering the whole set, extension; having all parts;)

    pilns apmācību kurss ― full training course

    noklausīties pilnu lekciju ciklu ― to listen to the full lecture series

    pilna biogrāfija ― full biography

    pilns komplekts ― a full, complete set

    pilns lidmašīnas personālsastāvs ― full flight personnel

    hokeja komanda spēlē pilnā sastavā ― the hockey team plays in its full composition (= the full team, the whole team)

12. (of amounts, measurements) full, whole, complete (corresponding exactly to the given value)

    nostrādāt pilnu darba nedēļu ― to work two full work weeks

    sasniegt pilnus astoņpadsmit gadus ― to reach, to achieve full eighteen years (of age)

13. (of circles, lines, time periods) full, continuous, uninterrupted

    pilns apgrieziens ― full, complete rotation

    darba tika pabeigti tikai pilnā naktī ― the work was finished only in (= after) a full night

14. (of body, body parts) full (relatively large, stout)

    miesās pilns cilvēks ― a full-bodied (= large, stout) person

    sieviete ar pilnām lūpām ― a woman with full lips

15. (colloquial, of people) full, very drunk

    daži tik pilni, ka streipuļoja ― some (of the people) so full (= drunk) that they staggered

Declension

indefinite declension (nenoteiktā galotne) of pilns

	masculine (vīriešu dzimte)			feminine (sieviešu dzimte)
	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)		singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	pilns	pilni		pilna	pilnas
accusative (akuzatīvs)	pilnu	pilnus		pilnu	pilnas
genitive (ģenitīvs)	pilna	pilnu		pilnas	pilnu
dative (datīvs)	pilnam	pilniem		pilnai	pilnām
instrumental (instrumentālis)	pilnu	pilniem		pilnu	pilnām
locative (lokatīvs)	pilnā	pilnos		pilnā	pilnās
vocative (vokatīvs)	—	—		—	—

Antonyms

• tukšs

Derived terms

• pilnība
• pilnīgs, pilnīgums
• raižpilns