polir

Catalan

Verb

polir (first-person singular present poleixo, past participle polit)

1. to shine; to make a surface very smooth or shiny by rubbing, cleaning, or grinding (often polish up)
2. to refine; remove imperfections

Conjugation

Conjugation of polir (third conjugation with -eix- infix)

infinitive			polir
present participle			polint
past participle			polit
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
Indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	poleixo	poleixes	poleix	polim	poliu	poleixen
	imperfect	polia	polies	polia	políem	políeu	polien
	future	poliré	poliràs	polirà	polirem	polireu	poliran
	preterite	polí	polires	polí	polírem	políreu	poliren
	conditional	poliria	poliries	poliria	poliríem	poliríeu	polirien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella	nosaltres	vosaltres	ells/elles
	present	poleixi	poleixis	poleixi	polim	poliu	poleixin
	imperfect	polís	polissis	polís	políssim	políssiu	polissin
imperative		-	tu	ell/ella	nosaltres	vosaltres	ells/elles
		—	poleix	poleixi	polim	poliu	poleixin

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French

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

• IPA: /pɔ.liʁ/, X-SAMPA: /pO.liR/

Etymology

From Latin polīre (“to polish”), poliō (“I polish”).

Verb

polir

1. to shine; to make a surface very smooth or shiny by rubbing, cleaning, or grinding (often polish up)
2. to refine; remove imperfections

Conjugation

• This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

   Conjugation of polir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		polir			avoir poli
gerund		en polissant			en ayant poli
present participle		polissant
past participle		poli
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il	nous	vous	ils
simple tenses	present	polis	polis	polit	polissons	polissez	polissent
	imperfect	polissais	polissais	polissait	polissions	polissiez	polissaient
	past historic1	polis	polis	polit	polîmes	polîtes	polirent
	future	polirai	poliras	polira	polirons	polirez	poliront
	conditional	polirais	polirais	polirait	polirions	poliriez	poliraient
compound tenses	present perfect	Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	past anterior1	Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	future perfect	Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	conditional perfect	Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il	que nous	que vous	qu’ils
simple tenses	present	polisse	polisses	polisse	polissions	polissiez	polissent
	imperfect1	polisse	polisses	polît	polissions	polissiez	polissent
compound tenses	past	Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect1	Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
		—	polis	—	polissons	polissez	—
1literary tenses

Related terms

• poli
• polissage

Descendants

• German: polieren

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Portuguese

Verb

polir (past participle polido)

1. to polish; to shine; to make a surface very smooth or shiny by rubbing, cleaning, or grinding (often polish up)
2. to refine; remove imperfections

Conjugation

  Conjugation of the Portuguese -ir verb polir

Notes:

• This is a regular defective verb of the -ir group.
• Verbs with this conjugation include: polir.

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	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele/ela/você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles/elas/vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	polir
Personal	polir	polires	polir	polirmos	polirdes	polirem
Gerund
	polindo
Past participle
Masculine	polido			polidos
Feminine	polida			polidas
Indicative
Present	-	-	-	polimos	polis	-
Imperfect	polia	polias	polia	políamos	políeis	poliam
Preterite	poli	poliste	poliu	polimos	polistes	poliram
Pluperfect	polira	poliras	polira	políramos	políreis	poliram
Future	polirei	polirás	polirá	poliremos	polireis	polirão
Conditional	poliria	polirias	poliria	poliríamos	poliríeis	poliriam
Subjunctive
Present	-	-	-	-	-	-
Imperfect	polisse	polisses	polisse	políssemos	polísseis	polissem
Future	polir	polires	polir	polirmos	polirdes	polirem
Imperative
Affirmative	-	-	-	-	poli	-
Negative (não)	-	-	-	-	-	-

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Spanish

Verb

polir (first-person singular present polo, first-person singular preterite polí, past participle polido)

1. (obsolete) to polish

Conjugation

    Conjugation of polir (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			polir
gerund			poliendo
past participle			polido
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú	él/ella usted	nosotros	vosotros	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	polo	poles	pole	polimos	polís	polen
	imperfect	polía	polías	polía	políamos	políais	polían
	preterite	polí	poliste	polió	polimos	polisteis	polieron
	future	poliré	polirás	polirá	poliremos	poliréis	polirán
	conditional	poliría	polirías	poliría	poliríamos	poliríais	polirían
subjunctive		yo	tú	él/ella usted	nosotros	vosotros	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	pola	polas	pola	polamos	poláis	polan
	imperfect (ra)	poliera	polieras	poliera	poliéramos	polierais	polieran
	imperfect (se)	poliese	polieses	poliese	poliésemos	polieseis	poliesen
	future	poliere	polieres	poliere	poliéremos	poliereis	polieren
imperative		—	tú	usted	nosotros	vosotros	ustedes
	affirmative		pole	pola	polamos	polid	polan
	negative		no polas	no pola	no polamos	no poláis	no polan

Synonyms

• pulir