rab

See also: Rab, Ráb, råb, раб, rąb, and Rąb

Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian раб (rab), from Old Church Slavonic рабъ (rabŭ), from Proto-Slavic *õrbъ. Doublet of rob, an inherited form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈrap]

Noun

rab m anim

1. serf, slave

   Synonyms: nevolník, otrok

Declension

Declension of rab (hard masculine animate)

	singular	plural
nominative	rab	rabi, rabové
genitive	raba	rabů
dative	rabovi, rabu	rabům
accusative	raba	raby
vocative	rabe	rabi, rabové
locative	rabovi, rabu	rabech
instrumental	rabem	raby

Further reading

• rab in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• rab in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from a South Slavic language, perhaps from Serbo-Croatian ра̏б／rȁb, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *orbъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈrɒb]
• Hyphenation: rab
• Rhymes: -ɒb

Adjective

rab (not comparable)

1. captive

   Antonym: szabad

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	rab	rabok
accusative	rabot	rabokat
dative	rabnak	raboknak
instrumental	rabbal	rabokkal
causal-final	rabért	rabokért
translative	rabbá	rabokká
terminative	rabig	rabokig
essive-formal	rabként	rabokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	rabban	rabokban
superessive	rabon	rabokon
adessive	rabnál	raboknál
illative	rabba	rabokba
sublative	rabra	rabokra
allative	rabhoz	rabokhoz
elative	rabból	rabokból
delative	rabról	rabokról
ablative	rabtól	raboktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	rabé	raboké
non-attributive possessive - plural	rabéi	rabokéi

Derived terms

• rabszolga

Noun

rab (plural rabok)

1. captive, prisoner

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	rab	rabok
accusative	rabot	rabokat
dative	rabnak	raboknak
instrumental	rabbal	rabokkal
causal-final	rabért	rabokért
translative	rabbá	rabokká
terminative	rabig	rabokig
essive-formal	rabként	rabokként
essive-modal	rabul	—
inessive	rabban	rabokban
superessive	rabon	rabokon
adessive	rabnál	raboknál
illative	rabba	rabokba
sublative	rabra	rabokra
allative	rabhoz	rabokhoz
elative	rabból	rabokból
delative	rabról	rabokról
ablative	rabtól	raboktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	rabé	raboké
non-attributive possessive - plural	rabéi	rabokéi

Possessive forms of rab
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	rabom	rabjaim
2nd person sing.	rabod	rabjaid
3rd person sing.	rabja	rabjai
1st person plural	rabunk	rabjaink
2nd person plural	rabotok	rabjaitok
3rd person plural	rabjuk	rabjaik

Derived terms

• raboskodik
• rabság

 

Compound words

• gályarab

 

Expressions

• rabul ejt

 

Descendants

• → Old Slovak: rab
  • Slovak: rab

Further reading

• rab in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Old Slovak

Etymology

Borrowed from Hungarian rab, from Serbo-Croatian ра̏б／rȁb, from Proto-Slavic *õrbъ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”).

Noun

rab m (female equivalent rabkyňa)

1. slave

   Synonyms: otrok, nevoľník

2. captive, prisoner

   Synonym: väzeň

Derived terms

nouns

• rabstvo n

 

Descendants

• Slovak: rab

References

• Majtán, Milan et al., editors (1991–2008), “rab”, in Historický slovník slovenského jazyka [Historical Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1–7 (A – Ž), Bratislava: VEDA, →OCLC

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian раб (rab), from Old East Slavic рабъ (rabŭ), from Old Church Slavonic рабъ (rabŭ), from Proto-Slavic *orbъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rap/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ap
• Syllabification: rab
• Homophones: rap, Rab, wrap

Noun

rab m pers

1. (obsolete) slave, servant

   Synonyms: niewolnik, sługa

   • 1935, Wacław Sieroszewski, Beniowski:

     Więc wolność dla was to możność przewodzenia innym i uciskania ich, bo tutaj nie można niczem innem być, ino rabem albo katem...

     So freedom for you is the ability to lead others and to oppress them, because here you can be nothing other than either a slave or a torturer...

Declension

Declension of rab

	singular	plural
nominative	rab	rabi/rabowie/raby/raby (deprecative)
genitive	raba	rabów
dative	rabowi	rabom
accusative	raba	rabów
instrumental	rabem	rabami
locative	rabie	rabach
vocative	rabie	rabi/rabowie/raby

Further reading

• rab in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak rab, from Hungarian rab, from Serbo-Croatian ра̏б／rȁb, from Proto-Slavic *õrbъ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”). Doublet of rob, an inherited form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [rap]

Noun

rab m anim (feminine rabkyňa, related adjective rabský)

1. (literary) slave

   Synonyms: otrok, nevoľník, (dialectal) rob

Declension

Declension of rab

	singular	plural
nominative	rab	rabi
genitive	raba	rabov
dative	rabovi	rabom
accusative	raba	rabov
locative	rabovi	raboch
instrumental	rabom	rabmi

Derived terms

nouns

• rabstvo n

 

Further reading

• “rab”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from German Rabe (“raven”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɾab]

Noun

rab (nominative plural rabs)

1. raven (genus Corvus, crow family Corvidae)

Declension

declension of rab

	singular	plural
nominative	rab	rabs
genitive	raba	rabas
dative	rabe	rabes
accusative	rabi	rabis
vocative 1	o rab!	o rabs!
predicative 2	rabu	rabus

• ¹ status as a case is disputed
• ² in later, non-classical Volapük only

Hypernyms

• böd
• nim

Hyponyms

• hirab
• jirab
• rabil
• rabül
• vietarab

Derived terms

• rabanäst
• rabanög

See also

• krov
• piak

White Hmong

Etymology

From Proto-Hmong *traŋᴬ (“classifier for tools”), borrowed from Old Chinese 張 (OC *taŋ, *taŋs, “classifier for flat things (originally things like bows and zithers)”). Cognate with Proto-Mien *truŋᴬ (“classifier for tools”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʈa˥/

Classifier

rab

1. classifier for implements tools, utensils, i.e. for things with a handle and used with the hands

   ib rab diav ― a spoon

References

• Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary‎^[1], SEAP Publications, →ISBN, page 274.