rough

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[edit] English

[edit] Etymology

From Old English rūh, cognate with West Frisian rûch, Low German rug (“rough”).

[edit] Pronunciation

[edit] Adjective

rough (comparative rougher, superlative roughest)

  1. Having a texture that has much friction. Not smooth; uneven.
    • 1922, Virginia Woolf, Jacob's Room Chapter 1
      The rock was one of those tremendously solid brown, or rather black, rocks which emerge from the sand like something primitive. Rough with crinkled limpet shells and sparsely strewn with locks of dry seaweed, a small boy has to stretch his legs far apart, and indeed to feel rather heroic, before he gets to the top.
  2. Approximate.
    A rough estimate.
  3. Turbulent.
    The sea was rough.
  4. Difficult; trying.
    Being a teenager these days can be rough.
  5. Crude; unrefined
    His manners are a bit rough, but he means well.
  6. Violent; not careful or subtle
    This box has been through some rough handling.

[edit] Antonyms

[edit] Translations

not smooth
approximate
turbulent
difficult
crude
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked

[edit] Noun

rough (plural roughs)

  1. The unmowed part of a golf course.
  2. A crude person.
  3. (cricket) A scuffed and roughened area of the pitch, where the bowler's feet fall, used as a target by spin bowlers because of its unpredictable bounce.
  4. The raw material from which faceted or cabochon gems are created.
  5. A quick sketch, similar to a thumbnail, but larger and more detailed. Meant for artistic brainstorming and a vital step in the design process.

[edit] Translations

unmowed part of golf-course

[edit] Verb

rough (third-person singular simple present roughs, present participle roughing, simple past and past participle roughed)

  1. To create in an approximate form.
    Rough in the shape first, then polish the details.
  2. To physically assault someone in retribution for something specific.
    The gangsters roughed him up a little.
  3. (ice hockey) To commit the offense of roughing, i.e. to punch another player.

[edit] Translations

to create in approximate form
to physically assault
ice hockey: to perform roughing

[edit] See also

Retrieved from "http://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=rough&oldid=15701056"
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