son

See also Son, són, søn, and sơn

English

Wikipedia

Etymology

Middle English, from Old English sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz (compare West Frisian soan, Dutch zoon, German Sohn), from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús (compare Tocharian B soṃśke, Lithuanian sūnùs, Russian сын (syn), Avestan hūnuš, Sanskrit sūnú), from *seu̯H- 'to give birth' (compare Old Irish suth 'offspring', Tocharian A/B se/soyä ‘son’, Ancient Greek υἱύς (hyiús), υἱός (hyiós) ‘id.’, Armenian ustr 'id.', Avestan hu- 'to bear, beget', Sanskrit sūte 'she bears, he begets').

Pronunciation

• IPA: /sʌn/, SAMPA: /sVn/

• Audio (UK)

  (file)

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʌn
• Homophone: sun

Noun

Wikipedia son (plural sons)

1. A male child, a boy or man in relation to his parents; one's male offspring.

   The Chinese and Indians say all too often: "I want a son, not a daughter."

2. A male adopted person in relation to his adoption parents.
3. A male person who has such a close relationship with an older or otherwise more authoritative person that he can be regarded as a son of the other person.
4. A male person considered to have been significantly shaped by some external influence.

   He was a son of the mafia system.

5. A male descendant.

   The pharaohs were believed to be sons of the Sun.

6. A familiar address to a male person from an older or otherwise more authoritative person.

   Son, can't you see that she's just a little girl? — Bruce Springsteen, "Working on the Highway"

Synonyms

• See also Wikisaurus:son

Antonyms

• (with regards to gender) daughter
• (with regards to ancestry) father, mother, parent

Hypernyms

• child

Derived terms

terms derived from son

bachelor's on favorite son/favourite son grandfather-father-son grandson like father, like son mother's son prodigal son

son-in-law son of a bitch son of a gun son of a whore son of privilege son of the manse stepson whoreson

Translations

a male person in relation to his parents

Afrikaans: seun (af) Albanian: bir (sq) Arabic: ابن (ar) (ibn) m. Egyptian Arabic: ابن (ebn) m. Aramaic: Syriac: ܒܪܐ (brā’) m. Armenian: որդի (hy) (ordi), տղա (hy) (tġa), զավակ (hy) (zavak), ուստր (hy) (ustr) Aromanian: hilj Avestan: puθra Basque: seme (eu) Belarusian: сын (be) (syn) m. Bengali: ছেলে (bn) (chele), পুত্র (bn) (putrô) Bosnian: sin (bs) m. Breton: mab (br) m. Bulgarian: син (bg) (sin) m. Burmese: သား (my) (tha:) Catalan: fill (ca) m. Chinese: Dungan: зы (zi) Mandarin: 兒子 (cmn), 儿子 (cmn) (érzi) Min Nan: 囝 (kiáⁿ) Cantonese: 仔 (jai2) Chiricahua: -ghe’, -zhaa (Chiricahua); -ye’ (Mescalero) Cornish: (Unified Cornish) map (kw) m. Croatian: sin (hr) m. Czech: syn (cs) m. Danish: søn (da) c. Dutch: zoon (nl) m. Egyptian: zȝ Eshtehardi: فوره (fōra) Esperanto: filo (eo) Ewe: viŋutsu Faroese: sonur (fo) Finnish: poika (fi) French: fils (fr) m. Georgian: ვაჟიშვილი (ka) (važišvili), ძე (ka) German: Sohn (de) m. Greek: γιος (el) (gios) m. Ancient: υἱός (el) (huios) m. Greenlandic: erneq (kl) Hebrew: בֵּן (he) (ben) m. Hindi: बेटा (hi) (beṭā) m. Hungarian: fiú (hu) Icelandic: sonur (is) m. Ido: filiulo (io) Indonesian: putra (id), putera (id) Inuktitut: ᐃᕐᓂᖅ (irniq) Inupiak: iġñiq (ik) Irish: mac (ga) m. Istro-Romanian: fiľ m. Italian: figlio (it) m. Japanese: 息子 (ja) (むすこ, musuko), 坊っちゃん (ja) (ぼっちゃん, botchan) (honorific)

Jicarilla: -yi’įį Kazakh: ұл (kk) (ul) Korean: 아들 (ko) (adeul) Latgalian: dāls Latin: filius (la) m., natus (la) m. Latvian: dēls (lv) Limburgish: zoon (li) Lithuanian: sūnus (lt) m. Lojban: bersa (jbo) Luxembourgish: Sohn (lb), Jong (lb) Macedonian: син (mk) (sin) m. Middle Persian: pus, puhr Mongolian: хүү (mn) (xüü) Navajo: -ghe’ ("man’s son"), -yáázh ("woman’s son") Norwegian: sønn (no) m. Old Church Slavonic: Cyrillic: сꙑнъ (synŭ) m. Glagolitic: ⰔⰟⰊⰐⰟ (synŭ) m. Old Persian: puča Pali: पुत्त (pi) (putta) m. Persian: پسر (fa) (pesær) m. Polish: syn (pl) m. Portuguese: filho (pt) m. Punjabi: please add this translation if you can Romani: shavo m. Romanian: fiu (ro) m. Russian: сын (ru) (syn) m. Samoan: ataliʻi (sm) Sanskrit: पुत्र (sa) (putrá) m. Santali: ᱜᱳᱱ (hon) Saterland Frisian: Suun m. Scottish Gaelic: mac (gd) m. Serbian: Cyrillic: син (sr) m. Roman: sin (sr) m. Sichuan Yi: ꌺ (sse) Sinhalese: පුතා (si) (putā) Slovak: syn (sk) m. Slovene: sin (sl) m. Spanish: hijo (es) m. Sumerian: 𒌉𒍑 (TUR.UŠ) Swedish: son (sv) c. Tajik: писар (tg) m. Tamil: மகன் (ta) Taos: ȕ’úna Thai: ลูกชาย (th) (lôok chaai) Ukrainian: син (uk) (syn) m. Urdu: بیٹا (ur) (beṭā) m. Vietnamese: con trai (vi) Vilamovian: zun Volapük: son (vo) Welsh: mab (cy) West Frisian: soan (fy) Western Apache: -ye’ ("man’s son"), ishkiinhn ("woman’s young son"), -zaa’é, -za’é, -’itł’ádn ("woman’s unmarried son"), -nne’/-nnde’/-nde’ ("woman’s married son")

an adopted son

Armenian: խորթ տղա (hy) (xort' tġa) Bosnian: posinak (bs) m. Breton: advab Croatian: posinak (hr) m. Czech: syn (cs) m. Danish: adoptivsøn (da) Finnish: poika (fi), ottopoika (fi) Greek: γιος (el) (giós) m.

Hungarian: fiú (hu) Polish: syn (pl) m. Romani: shavo m. Scottish Gaelic: mac (gd) m. Simplified Chinese: 养子 Slovene: sin (sl) m., posinovljenec (sl) m., pastorek (sl) m. Spanish: hijastro (es) m. Tamil: வளர்ப்பு மகன் (ta)

a son through close relationship

Armenian: որդի (hy) (ordi) Bosnian: sin (bs) m. Croatian: sin (hr) m. Czech: syn (cs) m. Finnish: poika (fi) Greek: γιος (el) (giós) m. Hungarian: fiú (hu)

Lithuanian: sūnus (lt) m. Romani: shavo m. Scottish Gaelic: mac (gd) m. Serbian: Cyrillic: син (sr) m. Roman: sin (sr) m. Slovene: sin (sl) m.

a son through major influence

Arabic: ابن (’ibn) m. Armenian: որդի (hy) (ordi) Bosnian: sin (bs) m. Croatian: sin (hr) m. Czech: syn (cs) m. Finnish: poika (fi), lapsi (fi), kasvatti (fi) Greek: γιος (el) (giós) m. Hungarian: fiú (hu)

Lithuanian: sūnus (lt) m. Romani: shavo m. Scottish Gaelic: mac (gd) m. Serbian: Cyrillic: син (sr) m. Roman: sin (sr) m. Spanish: hijo (es) m.

male descendant

Arabic: ابن (’ibn) m. Aramaic: Syriac: ܒܪܐ (brā’) m. Hebrew: ברא (brā’) m. Armenian: որդի (hy) (ordi) Bosnian: sin (bs) m. Croatian: sin (hr) m. Czech: syn (cs) m. Finnish: poika (fi) Greek: γιος (el) (giós) m.

Hungarian: fiú (hu) Lithuanian: sūnus (lt) m. Polish: syn (pl) m. Romani: shavo m. Scottish Gaelic: mac (gd) m. Serbian: Cyrillic: син (sr) m. Roman: sin (sr) m. Slovene: sin (sl) m. Spanish: hijo (es) m.

familiar address

Arabic: ابن (’ibn) m. Bosnian: sin (bs) m. Croatian: sin (hr) m. Czech: syn (cs) m. Finnish: poika (fi) Greek: γιος (el) (giós) m. Hungarian: fiam (hu)

Irish: a mhac (ga), a mhic (ga) m. Italian: figliolo (it) Romani: muro shavo m. Serbian: Cyrillic: син (sr) m. Roman: sin (sr) m. Spanish: hijo (es) m.

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.

Translations to be checked

Afrikaans: seun (af) Albanian: bir (sq) Aragonese: fillo m. Catalan: fill (ca) m. Esperanto: filo German: Sohn (de) m. Guaraní: a'ýra (ta'ýra/ra'y/ita'ýra) (of a man); memby (of a woman) Hebrew: בֵּן (he) (ben) m. (1,2) Indonesian: putra, anak laki-laki Interlingua: filio Italian: figlio (it) m. Korean: 아들 (ko) (adeul) Latin: filius (la) m.

Norwegian: sønn (no) m. Novial: filio Old English: sunu (ang) n., bearn (ang) m., eafora (ang) m. Persian: پسر (pesar) Portuguese: filho (pt) m. Romanian: fiu (ro) m. Swedish: son (sv) c. Telugu: కొడుకు (koDuku), కుమారుడు (kumaaruDu) Tok Pisin: pikinini man Tupinambá: a'yra (t-, t-) (of a man); membyra (of a woman) Turkish: oğul (tr) [-ğlu] Ukrainian: син (uk) (syn) m.

Statistics

• Most common English words before 1923: read · together · already · #302: son · death · works · perhaps

Anagrams

• NOS, No.'s, nos

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Aromanian

Etymology

Latin sonus

Noun

son (plural sonuri)

1. sound

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Azeri

Other scripts
Cyrillic	сон‍
Roman	son‍
Perso-Arabic	‍سون‍

Noun

son definite accusative sonu plural sonlar

1. end, ending

Declension

declension of son

	singular	plural
absolute	son	sonlar
definite accusative	sonu	sonları
dative	sona	sonlara
locative	sonda	sonlarda
ablative	sondan	sonlardan
definite genitive	sonun	sonların

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Catalan

Etymology 1

From Vulgar Latin sum, from Classical Latin suum.

Pronoun

son

1. Possessive pronoun of the third singular person for a singular male object; his, her.

Etymology 2

From Latin somnus.

Noun

son f. (plural sons)

1. sleep

Derived terms

• malson

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French

Etymology 1

From Latin sonus.

Noun

son m. (plural sons)

1. Sound.

   Le son de ce piano est agréable.

   The sound of this piano is nice.

Derived terms

• mur du son

Etymology 2

Vulgar Latin sum, from Classical Latin suum

Adjective

son m. (singular)

1. (possessive) His, her, its (used to qualify masculine nouns).

   Elle a perdu son chapeau.

   She lost her hat.

   Il a perdu son chapeau.

   He lost his hat.

   J'aime son amie.

   I like her/his girlfriend.

Related terms

    French possessive adjectives

			Possessee
			Singular		Plural
			Masculine	Feminine	—
Possessor	Singular	First person	mon	ma	mes
		Second person	ton	ta	tes
		Third person	son	sa	ses
	Plural	First person	notre		nos
		Second person	votre		vos
		Third person	leur		leurs

Etymology 3

Latin secundus. Cognate with Catalan segó.

Noun

son m. (plural sons)

1. bran

   Ceci est du pain de son.

   This bread is done with bran.

Anagrams

• nos

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Galician

Noun

son m. (plural sons)

1. sound

Related terms

• sonoro

Verb

son

1. first-person singular present indicative of ser
2. third-person plural present indicative of ser

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Lojban

Rafsi

son

1. Rafsi of sonci.

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Northern Sami

Pronoun

son

1. he, she, it

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse sonr, sunr.

Noun

son m. (definite singular sonen; indefinite plural søner; definite plural sønene)

1. a son

   Han hadde to søner.

   He had two sons.

References

• “son” in The Nynorsk Dictionary – Dokumentasjonsprosjektet.

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Old French

Alternative forms

• sun

Pronunciation

• IPA: /sõn/
• Rhymes: -õn

Pronoun

son m. (feminine sa, plural ses)

1. his/hers/its (third-person singular possessive pronoun)

Descendants

• French: son

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Scottish Gaelic

Noun

son m. (indeclinable)

1. sake, account

   Dèan seo air ar son. - Do this for our sake.

Derived terms

• airson

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Spanish

Etymology

From Latin sonus.

Noun

son m. (plural sones)

1. A pleasant sound, tone
2. An Afro-Cuban musical form.
3. A musical composition in this form.

Verb

son (infinitive ser)

1. Second-person plural (ustedes) present indicative form of ser.
2. Third-person plural (ellos, ellas, also used with ustedes^?) present indicative form of ser.

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Sranan Tongo

Etymology

From Dutch zon.

Noun

son

1. sun

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Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish son, sun, Old Norse sonr, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz. Masculine in Late Modern Swedish.

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Noun

son c.

1. son; someone's male child
2. definite singular of so

Declension

Declension of son

	singular		plural
Common	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	son	sonen	söner	sönerna
genitive	sons	sonens	söners	sönernas

Antonyms

• dotter

Related terms

• barn
• dotterson
• sonbarn
• sonson
• styvson
• svärson

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Turkish

Etymology

From Old Turkic soŋ, from Proto-Turkic.

Adjective

son

1. last, final.

Antonyms

• ilk

Noun

son

1. end, ending

   mutlu sonum - my happy ending

Declension

declension of son

	singular (tekil)	plural (çoğul)
nominative (yalın)	son	sonlar
definite accusative (belirtme)	sonu	sonları
dative (yönelme)	sona	sonlara
locative (bulunma)	sonda	sonlarda
ablative (çıkma)	sondan	sonlardan
genitive (tamlayan)	sonun	sonların

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Venetian

Verb

son

1. first-person singular present indicative of èser

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Volapük

Noun

son (plural sons)

1. son

Declension

declension of son

	singular	plural
nominative	son	sons
genitive	sona	sonas
dative	sone	sones
accusative	soni	sonis
predicative	sonu	sonus
vocative	o son!	o sons!