sortir

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Catalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Catalan sortir (compare Occitan sortir), from Latin sortīrī (“select”), probably influenced by surrectus (through a Vulgar Latin form *surctus and its derivatives, possibly through a verb *surrectīre, surctīre; cf. also Old Catalan surt, surta).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

sortir (first-person singular present surto, first-person singular preterite sortí, past participle sortit)

  1. to go out, to leave
    Synonyms: marxar, (chiefly Valencian) eixir
    Antonym: entrar
  2. to go out (to leave one's abode to go to public places, especially for recreation or entertainment)
  3. to come out, to appear, to emerge
    Synonyms: aparèixer, emergir
    Ja li han sortit arrugues a la cara. ― Wrinkles have already appeared on his/her face.
  4. to come out, to be published, to be made known
  5. to end up, to turn out
    sortir bé ― to come out well
  6. (reflexive, takes a reflexive pronoun) to manage to get out of a difficult situation successfully (requires a reflexive pronoun according the subject, and the appropriate form of the adverbial pronoun en)
    Ho tenia difícil, però se'n va sortir prou bé ― It was difficult for him, but he did well enough

Conjugation[edit]

    Conjugation of sortir (third conjugation, without -eix-, irregular)
infinitive sortir
gerund sortint
past participle masculine feminine
singular sortit sortida
plural sortits sortides
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present surto surts surt sortim sortiu surten
imperfect sortia sorties sortia sortíem sortíeu sortien
future sortiré sortiràs sortirà sortirem sortireu sortiran
preterite sortí sortires sortí sortírem sortíreu sortiren
conditional sortiria sortiries sortiria sortiríem sortiríeu sortirien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present surti surtis surti sortim sortiu surtin
imperfect sortís sortissis sortís sortíssim sortíssiu sortissin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós 		vostès
affirmative — surt surti sortim sortiu surtin
negative (no) — no surtis no surti no sortim no sortiu no surtin

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

Franco-Provençal[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin sortīrī (“to select”) (present active infinitive of sortior), probably influenced by surrectus (through a Vulgar Latin form *surctus and its derivatives, possibly through a verb *surrectīre, surctīre). Compare French sortir, Italian sortire, compare also Spanish surtir.

Verb[edit]

sortir

  1. (intransitive) to exit, go out, come out
  2. (transitive) to take out, bring out

Conjugation[edit]

    Conjugation of sortir
simple compound
infinitive sortir étre sorti
gerund sortent étent sorti
auxiliary verb étre
past participle masculine feminine
singular sorti [Term?]
plural [Term?] [Term?]
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative jo (j') tu (t') il/elli nos vos ils
present sorto sors sort sortens sortids sortont
imperfect sortien sortias sortiêt sortians sortiâds sortiant
preterite sorti sortis sortit sortirons sortites, sortirâds sortiront
future sortiré sortirés sortirat sortirens sortiréds sortiront
conditional sortiren sortirias sortirêt sortirians sortiriâds sortiriant
compound tenses present perfect present indicative of étre + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of étre + past participle
past anterior preterite indicative of étre + past participle
future perfect future indicative of étre + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of étre + past participle
subjunctive que je (j') que te (t') qu'il/el que nos que vos qu'ils/els
present sorto sortes sorte sortans sortiâds sortant
imperfect sortissen sortissias sortisse sortissians sortissiâds sortissant
compound tenses past present subjunctive of étre + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of étre + past participle
imperative — te — nos vos —
sors sortens sortids

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old French, from Latin sortīrī, probably influenced by surrectus (through a Vulgar Latin form *surctus and its derivatives, possibly through a verb *surrectīre, surctīre). Compare Italian sortire, compare also Spanish surtir.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /sɔʁ.tiʁ/
  • audio(file)

Verb[edit]

sortir

  1. (intransitive) to exit, go out, come out
    Je suis sorti de l’école. ― I came out of school.
  2. (transitive) to take out, bring out
    Je sortais les poubelles tous les mardis et les jeudis soirs. ― I used to take out the trash every Tuesday and Thursday evenings.

Usage notes[edit]

  • This verb uses the auxiliary verb avoir when used transitively (or with a transitive sense, even when the complement is omitted); otherwise (when it is intransitive), it uses être.

Conjugation[edit]

This is one of a fairly large group of irregular -ir verbs that are all conjugated the same way. Other members of this group include partir and dormir. The most significant difference between these verbs' conjugation and that of the regular -ir verbs is that these verbs' conjugation does not use the infix -iss-. Further, this conjugation has the forms (je, tu) sors and (il) sort in the present indicative and imperative, whereas a regular -ir verb would have *sortis and *sortit (as in the past historic).

Conjugation of sortir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple sortir
compound avoir or être + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple sortant
/sɔʁ.tɑ̃/
compound ayant or étant + past participle
past participle sorti
/sɔʁ.ti/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present sors
/sɔʁ/ 		sors
/sɔʁ/ 		sort
/sɔʁ/ 		sortons
/sɔʁ.tɔ̃/ 		sortez
/sɔʁ.te/ 		sortent
/sɔʁt/
imperfect sortais
/sɔʁ.tɛ/ 		sortais
/sɔʁ.tɛ/ 		sortait
/sɔʁ.tɛ/ 		sortions
/sɔʁ.tjɔ̃/ 		sortiez
/sɔʁ.tje/ 		sortaient
/sɔʁ.tɛ/
past historic2 sortis
/sɔʁ.ti/ 		sortis
/sɔʁ.ti/ 		sortit
/sɔʁ.ti/ 		sortîmes
/sɔʁ.tim/ 		sortîtes
/sɔʁ.tit/ 		sortirent
/sɔʁ.tiʁ/
future sortirai
/sɔʁ.ti.ʁe/ 		sortiras
/sɔʁ.ti.ʁa/ 		sortira
/sɔʁ.ti.ʁa/ 		sortirons
/sɔʁ.ti.ʁɔ̃/ 		sortirez
/sɔʁ.ti.ʁe/ 		sortiront
/sɔʁ.ti.ʁɔ̃/
conditional sortirais
/sɔʁ.ti.ʁɛ/ 		sortirais
/sɔʁ.ti.ʁɛ/ 		sortirait
/sɔʁ.ti.ʁɛ/ 		sortirions
/sɔʁ.ti.ʁjɔ̃/ 		sortiriez
/sɔʁ.ti.ʁje/ 		sortiraient
/sɔʁ.ti.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir or être + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir or être + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir or être + past participle
future perfect future of avoir or être + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir or être + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present sorte
/sɔʁt/ 		sortes
/sɔʁt/ 		sorte
/sɔʁt/ 		sortions
/sɔʁ.tjɔ̃/ 		sortiez
/sɔʁ.tje/ 		sortent
/sɔʁt/
imperfect2 sortisse
/sɔʁ.tis/ 		sortisses
/sɔʁ.tis/ 		sortît
/sɔʁ.ti/ 		sortissions
/sɔʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/ 		sortissiez
/sɔʁ.ti.sje/ 		sortissent
/sɔʁ.tis/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir or être + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir or être + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — sors
/sɔʁ/ 		— sortons
/sɔʁ.tɔ̃/ 		sortez
/sɔʁ.te/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir or être + past participle — simple imperative of avoir or être + past participle simple imperative of avoir or être + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Noun[edit]

sortir m (plural sortirs)

  1. end, closing
    Au sortir du printemps
    At the closing of spring

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Indonesian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Dutch sorteer, sorteren, from French assortir, from Old French, from Latin sortīrī, present active infinitive of sortior, probably influenced by surrectus (through a Vulgar Latin form *surctus and its derivatives, possibly through a verb *surrectīre, surctīre).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈsɔrtɪr]
  • Hyphenation: sor‧tir

Verb[edit]

sortir

  1. sort; arrange
    menyortir surat-surat ― sorting letters

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Norman[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old French, from Latin sortīrī, present active infinitive of sortior, probably influenced by surrectus (through a Vulgar Latin form *surctus and its derivatives, possibly through a verb *surrectīre, surctīre).

Verb[edit]

sortir

  1. (Guernsey) to go out

Portuguese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Latin sortīrī (“to draw lots”). Doublet of surtir, a borrowing from French.

Pronunciation[edit]

 
 

  • Hyphenation: sor‧tir

Verb[edit]

sortir (first-person singular present surto, third-person singular present surte, first-person singular preterite sorti, past participle sortido) (Brazil)
sortir (no stressed present indicative or subjunctive, first-person singular preterite sorti, past participle sortido) (Portugal)

  1. (transitive) to provide, to supply [+ com (object) = with]
  2. (transitive) to mix, to mingle, to combine (different things)
  3. (impersonal) to happen by luck, to fall to one's lot [+ a (someone)]
  4. (reflexive) to stock up, to provide oneself [+ com (object) = with]

Conjugation[edit]

Brazil
    Conjugation of sortir (o becomes u when stressed) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal sortir
Personal sortir sortires sortir sortirmos sortirdes sortirem
Gerund
sortindo
Past participle
Masculine sortido sortidos
Feminine sortida sortidas
Indicative
Present surto surtes surte sortimos sortis surtem
Imperfect sortia sortias sortia sortíamos sortíeis sortiam
Preterite sorti sortiste sortiu sortimos sortistes sortiram
Pluperfect sortira sortiras sortira sortíramos sortíreis sortiram
Future sortirei sortirás sortirá sortiremos sortireis sortirão
Conditional sortiria sortirias sortiria sortiríamos sortiríeis sortiriam
Subjunctive
Present surta surtas surta surtamos surtais surtam
Imperfect sortisse sortisses sortisse sortíssemos sortísseis sortissem
Future sortir sortires sortir sortirmos sortirdes sortirem
Imperative
Affirmative surte surta surtamos sorti surtam
Negative (não) não surtas não surta não surtamos não surtais não surtam
Portugal
    Conjugation of sortir (defective) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal sortir
Personal sortir sortires sortir sortirmos sortirdes sortirem
Gerund
sortindo
Past participle
Masculine sortido sortidos
Feminine sortida sortidas
Indicative
Present — — — sortimos sortis —
Imperfect sortia sortias sortia sortíamos sortíeis sortiam
Preterite sorti sortiste sortiu sortimos sortistes sortiram
Pluperfect sortira sortiras sortira sortíramos sortíreis sortiram
Future sortirei sortirás sortirá sortiremos sortireis sortirão
Conditional sortiria sortirias sortiria sortiríamos sortiríeis sortiriam
Subjunctive
Present — — — — — —
Imperfect sortisse sortisses sortisse sortíssemos sortísseis sortissem
Future sortir sortires sortir sortirmos sortirdes sortirem
Imperative
Affirmative — — — sorti —
Negative (não) — — — — —

Related terms[edit]

Romansch[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin sortīrī, present active infinitive of sortior, probably influenced by surrectus (through a Vulgar Latin form *surctus and its derivatives, possibly through a verb *surrectīre, surctīre). Compare Italian sortire, French sortir.

Verb[edit]

sortir

  1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) to exit
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=sortir&oldid=78556054"