sruth

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish sruth (“stream, river, current”), from Proto-Celtic *srutom, from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“flow, stream”). Cognate with Welsh ffrwd, Breton froud and maybe the Gaulish hydronym Phroudis.

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /sˠɾˠɞh/, /sˠɾˠɯh/
• (Connacht, Ulster) IPA^(key): /sˠɾˠʊ(h)/, [ʂ(ɽ)ʊ(h)]

Noun

sruth m (genitive singular srutha or srotha, nominative plural sruthanna or srothanna or srotha)

1. stream

   Synonym: sruthlán

2. current, flow

   Synonyms: sreabhadh, sreabh

3. (electricity) current, mains

Declension

Declension of sruth

Third declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative sruth sruthanna Vocative a shruth a shruthanna Genitive srutha sruthanna Dative sruth sruthanna

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an sruth na sruthanna Genitive an tsrutha na sruthanna Dative leis an sruth don sruth leis na sruthanna

Alternative declensions:

Declension of sruth

Third declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative sruth srothanna Vocative a shruth a shrothanna Genitive srotha srothanna Dative sruth srothanna

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an sruth na srothanna Genitive an tsrotha na srothanna Dative leis an sruth don sruth leis na srothanna

Declension of sruth

Third declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative sruth srotha Vocative a shruth a shrotha Genitive srotha srothann Dative sruth srotha

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an sruth na srotha Genitive an tsrotha na srothann Dative leis an sruth don sruth leis na srotha

Derived terms

• fótashruth
• sruth ailtéarnach
• sruth díreach
• sruthach
• sruthán
• sruthlam m (“turbulence”)

 

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
sruth	shruth after an, tsruth	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “sruth”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Entries containing “sruth” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “sruth” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *srutom, from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“flow, stream”). Cognate with Welsh ffrwd and maybe the Gaulish hydronym Phroudis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sruθ/

Noun

sruth n or m (genitive srotho, nominative plural srotha)

1. stream, river, current
2. strait, stream, current (of sea)
3. foray, sortie, attack

Inflection

Masculine u-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	sruth	sruthL	srothae
Vocative	sruth	sruthL	srothu
Accusative	sruthN	sruthL	srothu
Genitive	srothoH, srothaH	srotho, srotha	srothaeN
Dative	sruthL	srothaib	srothaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• sruthach, srothach
• sruthán, srothán

Descendants

• Irish: sruth
• Manx: stroo
• Scottish Gaelic: sruth

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish sruth (“stream, river, current”), from Proto-Celtic *srutom, from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“flow, stream”). Cognate with Welsh ffrwd and maybe the Gaulish hydronym Phroudis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /s̪t̪ɾuh/

Noun

sruth m (genitive singular sruith or srutha, plural sruthan)

1. stream, burn
2. flow, rush (of water)
3. current

Synonyms

• (stream, burn): allt

Derived terms

• eadar-shruthach (“interfluent”)
• eigh-shruth (“glacier”)
• leis an t-sruth (“downstream”)
• ris an t-sruth (“upstream”)
• sruth-chlais (“canal”)
• sruth-gaoith (“draught”)

 

Verb

sruth (past sruth, future sruthaidh, verbal noun sruthadh, past participle sruthte)

1. flow, stream

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
sruth	shruth after "an", t-sruth
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.