thorax

See also: Thorax

English

Diagram showing the thorax of an insect.

Etymology

From Latin thorax, from Ancient Greek θώραξ (thṓrax, “a breastplate, cuirass, corslet”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: thôr'aks, IPA^(key): /ˈθɔɹæks/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

Noun

thorax (plural thoraces or thoraxes)

1. (anatomy) The region of the mammalian body between the neck and abdomen as well as the cavity containing the heart and lungs.
2. (entomology and arachnology) The middle of three distinct divisions in an insect, crustacean or arachnid body to which the legs are attached.

Derived terms

• aerothorax
• bithorax
• cephalothorax
• cholothorax
• chylothorax
• endothorax
• enterothorax
• entothorax
• extrathoracic
• fibrothorax
• haemothorax
• hematothorax
• hemithorax
• hemothorax
• hydrothorax
• mesothorax
• metathorax
• midthorax
• opisthothorax
• pneumatothorax
• pneumothorax
• prothorax
• pyothorax
• synthorax
• thoracal
• thoracic
• thoracic vertebra
• thoracoplasty
• trithorax

 

Translations

region of the mammalian body

• Armenian: կրծքավանդակ (hy) (krckʻavandak)
• Bulgarian: гръден кош m (grǎden koš)
• Catalan: tòrax (ca) m
• Cebuano: dughan
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 胸部 (zh) (xiōngbù), 胸廓 (zh) (xiōngkuò)

• Czech: hruď (cs) f, hrudník (cs) m
• Dutch: borst (nl), borstkas (nl)
• Esperanto: torako
• Finnish: rintakehä (fi)
• French: thorax (fr) m
• Galician: tórax (gl) m, arca (gl) f
• German: Thorax (de) m
• Greek: θώρακας (el) m (thórakas)
• Hungarian: mellkas (hu)
• Icelandic: brjóst (is) n, brjóstkassi (is) m, brjósthol (is) n
• Ido: torako (io)
• Irish: tóracs m, cliabhrach m
• Italian: torace (it) m, petto (it) m
• Japanese: 胸郭 (ja) (きょうかく, kyōkaku)
• Korean: 흉곽 (ko) (hyunggwak), 흉부 (ko) (hyungbu)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: sing (ku) m

• Lombard: torax m, peit m
• Macedonian: гради f pl (gradi)
• Malay: toraks
• Malayalam: നെഞ്ച് (ml) (neñcŭ)
• Maori: tārāuma, hōpara
• Occitan: torax (oc) m
• Polish: klatka piersiowa (pl) f
• Portuguese: tórax (pt) m
• Russian: грудна́я кле́тка (ru) f (grudnája klétka), то́ракс (ru) m (tóraks)
• Sanskrit: वक्षस् (sa) n (vakṣas)
• Santali: ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱢ (kôṛam)
• Scottish Gaelic: broilleach m, cliabh m
• Slovene: toraks m, prsni koš (sl) m
• Spanish: tórax (es) m
• Swedish: thorax (sv), bröstkorg (sv)
• Tagalog: dibdib (tl)
• Thai: อก (th) (òk)
• Vietnamese: ngực (vi), vòng một
• Yiddish: ברוסטקאַסטן m (brustkastn)

middle of three distinct divisions in an insect, crustacean or arachnid body

• Dutch: borststuk (nl)
• Finnish: keskiruumis (fi)
• French: thorax (fr) m
• German: Thorax (de) m
• Greek: θώρακας (el) n (thórakas)
• Hungarian: tor (hu)
• Icelandic: frambolur m
• Irish: tóracs m
• Malay: toraks
• Maori: tārāuma
• Polish: tułów (pl) m
• Portuguese: tórax (pt) m
• Russian: то́ракс (ru) m (tóraks)
• Slovene: toraks m, oprsje n
• Spanish: tórax (es) m

Finnish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin thorax, from Ancient Greek θώραξ (thṓrax).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtho(ː)rɑks/, [ˈt̪ho̞(ː)rɑ̝ks̠]

Noun

thorax

1. thorax

Declension

Inflection of thorax (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative		thorax	thoraxit
genitive		thoraxin	thoraxien
partitive		thoraxia	thoraxeja
illative		thoraxiin	thoraxeihin
		singular	plural
nominative		thorax	thoraxit
accusative	nom.	thorax	thoraxit
	gen.	thoraxin
genitive		thoraxin	thoraxien
partitive		thoraxia	thoraxeja
inessive		thoraxissa	thoraxeissa
elative		thoraxista	thoraxeista
illative		thoraxiin	thoraxeihin
adessive		thoraxilla	thoraxeilla
ablative		thoraxilta	thoraxeilta
allative		thoraxille	thoraxeille
essive		thoraxina	thoraxeina
translative		thoraxiksi	thoraxeiksi
abessive		thoraxitta	thoraxeitta
instructive		—	thoraxein
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of thorax (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative thoraxini thoraxini accusative nom. thoraxini thoraxini gen. thoraxini genitive thoraxini thoraxieni partitive thoraxiani thoraxejani inessive thoraxissani thoraxeissani elative thoraxistani thoraxeistani illative thoraxiini thoraxeihini adessive thoraxillani thoraxeillani ablative thoraxiltani thoraxeiltani allative thoraxilleni thoraxeilleni essive thoraxinani thoraxeinani translative thoraxikseni thoraxeikseni abessive thoraxittani thoraxeittani instructive — — comitative — thoraxeineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative thoraxisi thoraxisi accusative nom. thoraxisi thoraxisi gen. thoraxisi genitive thoraxisi thoraxiesi partitive thoraxiasi thoraxejasi inessive thoraxissasi thoraxeissasi elative thoraxistasi thoraxeistasi illative thoraxiisi thoraxeihisi adessive thoraxillasi thoraxeillasi ablative thoraxiltasi thoraxeiltasi allative thoraxillesi thoraxeillesi essive thoraxinasi thoraxeinasi translative thoraxiksesi thoraxeiksesi abessive thoraxittasi thoraxeittasi instructive — — comitative — thoraxeinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative thoraximme thoraximme accusative nom. thoraximme thoraximme gen. thoraximme genitive thoraximme thoraxiemme partitive thoraxiamme thoraxejamme inessive thoraxissamme thoraxeissamme elative thoraxistamme thoraxeistamme illative thoraxiimme thoraxeihimme adessive thoraxillamme thoraxeillamme ablative thoraxiltamme thoraxeiltamme allative thoraxillemme thoraxeillemme essive thoraxinamme thoraxeinamme translative thoraxiksemme thoraxeiksemme abessive thoraxittamme thoraxeittamme instructive — — comitative — thoraxeinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative thoraxinne thoraxinne accusative nom. thoraxinne thoraxinne gen. thoraxinne genitive thoraxinne thoraxienne partitive thoraxianne thoraxejanne inessive thoraxissanne thoraxeissanne elative thoraxistanne thoraxeistanne illative thoraxiinne thoraxeihinne adessive thoraxillanne thoraxeillanne ablative thoraxiltanne thoraxeiltanne allative thoraxillenne thoraxeillenne essive thoraxinanne thoraxeinanne translative thoraxiksenne thoraxeiksenne abessive thoraxittanne thoraxeittanne instructive — — comitative — thoraxeinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative thoraxinsa thoraxinsa accusative nom. thoraxinsa thoraxinsa gen. thoraxinsa genitive thoraxinsa thoraxiensa partitive thoraxiaan thoraxiansa thoraxejaan thoraxejansa inessive thoraxissaan thoraxissansa thoraxeissaan thoraxeissansa elative thoraxistaan thoraxistansa thoraxeistaan thoraxeistansa illative thoraxiinsa thoraxeihinsa adessive thoraxillaan thoraxillansa thoraxeillaan thoraxeillansa ablative thoraxiltaan thoraxiltansa thoraxeiltaan thoraxeiltansa allative thoraxilleen thoraxillensa thoraxeilleen thoraxeillensa essive thoraxinaan thoraxinansa thoraxeinaan thoraxeinansa translative thoraxikseen thoraxiksensa thoraxeikseen thoraxeiksensa abessive thoraxittaan thoraxittansa thoraxeittaan thoraxeittansa instructive — — comitative — thoraxeineen thoraxeinensa

Synonyms

• (part of insect's body): keskiruumis

Derived terms

compounds

• thoraxkirurgia

 

Further reading

• “thorax”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɔ.ʁaks/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

thorax m (plural thorax)

1. thorax

Further reading

• “thorax”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek θώραξ (thṓrax, “a breastplate, cuirass, corslet”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈtʰoː.raks/, [ˈt̪ʰoːräks̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈto.raks/, [ˈt̪ɔːräks]

Noun

thōrax m (genitive thōrācis); third declension

1. (anatomy) chest, thorax
2. breastplate, cuirass
3. doublet, stomacher
4. bust (statue)

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	thōrax	thōrācēs
Genitive	thōrācis	thōrācum
Dative	thōrācī	thōrācibus
Accusative	thōrācem	thōrācēs
Ablative	thōrāce	thōrācibus
Vocative	thōrax	thōrācēs

Synonyms

• (breastplate): lōrīca

Descendants

• → Catalan: tòrax
• → English: thorax
• → Esperanto: torako
• → French: thorax
• → Galician: tórax
• → German: Thorax
• → Ido: torako
• → Indonesian: toraks
• → Irish: tóracs
• → Lombard: torax
• → Malay: toraks
• → Occitan: torax
• → Portuguese: tórax, torace
• → Romanian: torace
• → Russian: то́ракс (tóraks)
• → Slovene: toraks
• → Spanish: tórax
• → Swedish: thorax

References

• “thorax”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “thorax”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• thorax in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “thorax”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎^[2]
• “thorax”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “thorax”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray

Portuguese

Noun

thorax m (plural thoraxes)

1. Pre-reform spelling (until Brazil 1943/Portugal 1911) of tórax.

Swedish

Noun

thorax c

1. (anatomy) thorax

See also

• bröstkorg

References

• thorax in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• thorax in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• thorax in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• Svensk MeSH