vos

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Afrikaans[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Dutch vos, from Middle Dutch vos, from Old Dutch fus, vus, from Proto-Germanic *fuhsaz.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /fɔs/
  • (file)

Noun[edit]

vos (plural vosse, diminutive vossie)

  1. fox, carnivore of the tribe Vulpini

Derived terms[edit]

Catalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Latin vōs.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

vos (enclitic, contracted us, proclitic us)

  1. you (plural, direct or indirect object)

Usage notes[edit]

  • -vos is the full (plena) form of the pronoun. It is normally used after verbs ending with a consonant or ⟨u⟩.
    Heu de quedar-vos aquí.You must stay here.

Declension[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Czech[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

vos f

  1. genitive plural of vosa

Danish[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

vos

  1. (dialectal) Pronunciation spelling of os.
    • 1926, Adolph Stender, Skovtrold, Lindhardt og Ringhof, →ISBN:
      Næ, la' vos bare inte skave vos! (...) men saa øver vi vos imens! Naar han ser vos gennem Vindvet, kommer han nok herud ...
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 1973, Bent Rying, Alice Kennebo, København og Københavns amt:
      Han har sæl brunget desse ur te vos; ...
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 1906, Maglekilde fortæller: humoristiske fortællinger:
      Jeg ka' kons mindes een eneste Gang a' han roste vos, – de' var en Da' da han ha'de trukket vos rigtig igjennem i Geveereksersis; — — der var inte en tør Trevl paa vos, saatten ha'de vi maattet hænge i en tre, fire Timmer i et Slav.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Dutch[edit]

Een vos met een prooi. — A fox with a prey.
Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl
Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl
Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle Dutch vos, from Old Dutch fus, vus, from Proto-West Germanic *fuhs, from Proto-Germanic *fuhsaz.

Noun[edit]

vos m (plural vossen, diminutive vosje n, feminine vossin)

  1. fox, carnivore of the tribe Vulpini
  2. red fox specifically, Vulpes vulpes
    Synonyms: gewone vos, rode vos
  3. fox fur
  4. a crafty, ingenious person
    Koen is een lepe vos, die laat zich niet in de luren leggen.
    Conrad is a sly fox who does not allow himself to be hoodwinked.
  5. horse with red or red-brown fur
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
  • Afrikaans: vos
  • Jersey Dutch: vośe
  • Negerhollands: vos

Etymology 2[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb[edit]

vos

  1. inflection of vossen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. imperative

Fala[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Galician-Portuguese vos, from Latin vōs.

Pronoun[edit]

vos m pl or f pl

  1. Second person plural nominative pronoun; you
  2. (Mañegu) First person plural dative and accusative pronoun; you

Usage notes[edit]

  • In Mañegu voshotrus and voshotras are more commonly used as subject pronouns.
  • Takes the form -vus when used as an object pronoun suffixed to an impersonal verb form.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old French vos, from Latin vostros (your, plural accusative).

Pronunciation[edit]

Determiner[edit]

vos pl

  1. plural of votre; your
    Vos parents sont très gentils.
    Your parents are very nice.

Related terms[edit]

Possessee
Singular Plural
Masculine Feminine
Possessor Singular First person mon1 ma mes
Second person ton1 ta tes
Third person son1 sa ses
Plural First person notre nos
Second person votre2 vos2
Third person leur leurs
1 Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel or mute h.
2 Also used as the polite singular form.

Further reading[edit]

Galician[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

vos

  1. inflection of vós:
    1. accusative/dative
    2. reflexive

Icelandic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse vás, which is related to vaska (to wash).

Noun[edit]

vos n (genitive singular voss, nominative plural vos)

  1. wetness, toil, fatigue (from storm, sea, frost, bad weather)

Declension[edit]

References[edit]

  • Mallet, P. H. (1847). Northern Antiquities, Or, an Historical Account of the Manners, Customs, Religion, and Laws, Maritime Expeditions and Discoveries, Language and Literature of the Ancient Scandinavians ... with a Translation of the Prose Edda from the Original Old Norse Text ... to which is Added, an Abstract of the Eyrbyggja Saga. United Kingdom: Bohn, p. 509

Interlingua[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin vōs (you, plural).

Pronoun[edit]

vos

  1. you (plural)

Ladino[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Spanish vosotros.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

vos (Latin spelling)

  1. you (formal singular, nominative and accusative)
  2. accusative of vozotros
  3. accusative of vozotras

Latin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Italic *wōs, from the oblique case forms of Proto-Indo-European *yū́.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

vōs

  1. you, ye, you all; nominative/accusative/vocative plural of
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.200-202:
      Vōs et Scyllaeam rabiem penitusque sonantīs
      accēstis scopulōs, vōs et Cyclōpēa saxa
      expertī [...].”
      You neared mad Scylla and heard the howls within her cliffs, and you experienced the rocks of the Cyclops.”
      (Note: “accestis” is a syncopated form of “accessistis.” The “vos et … vos et” repetition exemplifies anaphora.)

Usage notes[edit]

When used in the plural genitive, vestrī is used when it is the object of an action, especially when used with a gerund or gerundive. When used in such a construction, the gerund or gerundive takes on the masculine genitive singular. Vestrum is used as a partitive genitive, used in constructions such as (one of you).

Declension[edit]

Number Singular Plural
Person First Second Reflexive third Third First Second Reflexive third Third
Case / Gender Masc./ Fem./Neut. Masc. Fem. Neut. Masc./ Fem./Neut. Masc. Fem. Neut.
Nominative egō̆ is ea id nōs vōs
eae ea
Genitive meī tuī suī eius nostrī
nostrum
vestrī
vestrum
suī eōrum eārum eōrum
Dative mihi tibi sibi nōbīs vōbīs sibi eīs
Accusative
sēsē
eum eam id nōs vōs
sēsē
eōs eās ea
Ablative
sēsē
nōbīs vōbīs
sēsē
eīs
Vocative egō nōs vōs

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • vos”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • vos”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • vos in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • vos in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • picture to yourselves the circumstances: ante oculos vestros (not vobis) res gestas proponite
    • not to be prolix: ne diutius vos demorer

Lithuanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

See Proto-Slavic *ed(ъ)-va.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

võs (not comparable)

  1. hardly, barely

Derived terms[edit]

Middle Dutch[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Dutch fus, vus, from Proto-West Germanic *fuhs.

Noun[edit]

vos m

  1. fox, red fox

Inflection[edit]

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • vos”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
  • Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “vos”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

Occitan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Occitan vos, from Latin vōs (you, plural).

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

vos

  1. to you (second-person plural indirect object pronoun)
  2. yourselves (second-person plural reflexive pronoun)

Old French[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin vōs (you, plural).

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

vos

  1. you (second-person plural or second-person singular polite subject pronoun)
  2. your (second-person plural or second-person singular polite possessive pronoun)
  3. yourself (second-person plural or second-person singular polite reflexive pronoun)
  4. you (second-person plural or second-person singular polite object pronoun)

Descendants[edit]

Old Occitan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin vōs (you, plural).

Pronoun[edit]

vos

  1. you (plural or polite form)

Descendants[edit]

Piedmontese[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin vōx.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

vos f (plural vos)

  1. voice

Portuguese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin vōs.

Pronunciation[edit]

 
 

  • Hyphenation: vos

Pronoun[edit]

vos

  1. objective of vós

See also[edit]

Portuguese personal pronouns (edit)
Number Person Nominative
(subject)
Accusative
(direct object)
Dative
(indirect object)
Prepositional Prepositional
with com
Non-declining
m f m f m and f m f m f m f
Singular First eu me mim comigo
Second tu te ti contigo você
o senhor a senhora
Third ele ela o
(lo, no)
a
(la, na)
lhe ele ela com ele com ela o mesmo a mesma
se si consigo
Plural First nós nos nós connosco (Portugal)
conosco (Brazil)
a gente
Second vós vos vós convosco, com vós vocês
os senhores as senhoras
Third eles elas os
(los, nos)
as
(las, nas)
lhes eles elas com eles com elas os mesmos as mesmas
se si consigo
Indefinite se si consigo

Sardinian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin vōs, from Proto-Italic *wōs, from the oblique case forms of Proto-Indo-European *yū́ (you).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /bos/, /vos/ (in certain Nuorese towns)

Pronoun[edit]

vos (possessive vostru)

  1. you (plural), ye
    Synonyms: vois, vosateros

Slovene[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ǫsъ.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

vọ̑s m inan

  1. (obsolete) hair
  2. (obsolete) moustache

Further reading[edit]

  • vos”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Latin vōs (you, plural), from Old Latin vōs, from Proto-Italic *wōs.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈbos/ [ˈbos]
  • Rhymes: -os
  • Syllabification: vos

Pronoun[edit]

vos

  1. (archaic) an elevated form of you, either singular or plural
  2. (parts of Latin America, Chavacano-speaking areas in the Philippines) a form of you, singular
    Synonym:

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Walloon[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old French vos, from Latin vōs (you, plural), from Proto-Italic *wōs.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

vos

  1. you (singular)
  2. you (plural)

Synonyms[edit]