ἀμυγδάλη
Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Unknown.
According to Beekes, γδ-σγ alternations in the word's variants indicate "a typical" Pre-Greek substrate word, tentatively reconstructed as *amutygala.[1] He also supports Furnée's comparison with μύκηρος (múkēros, “almond, kind of a nut”) and a couple of Anatolian words related to sweetness, such as Hittite [script needed] (mitgaimi-, “sweet bread”).[2]
Alternatively, Blažek considers it possible to allow for Semitic provenance, namely to contain the term present in Hebrew שָׁקֵד (šāqḗḏ, “almond”), see there for variants, while accounting for the Greek /al/ by deeming a blend with the term in Hebrew דֶּקֶל (déqel, “palm tree; date”) to participate, imagining derivations *midqalā “place planted with date-palms” and miṯqadā “place planted with almond-trees” and hybridized miṯqalā.[3]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /a.myɡ.dá.lɛː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /a.myɡˈda.le̝/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /a.myɣˈða.li/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /a.myɣˈða.li/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /a.miɣˈða.li/
Noun
[edit]ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λη • (amugdálē) f (genitive ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λης); first declension
Inflection
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λη hē amugdálē |
τὼ ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λᾱ tṑ amugdálā |
αἱ ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λαι hai amugdálai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λης tês amugdálēs |
τοῖν ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λαιν toîn amugdálain |
τῶν ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰλῶν tôn amugdalôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λῃ têi amugdálēi |
τοῖν ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λαιν toîn amugdálain |
ταῖς ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λαις taîs amugdálais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λην tḕn amugdálēn |
τὼ ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λᾱ tṑ amugdálā |
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λᾱς tā̀s amugdálās | ||||||||||
Vocative | ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λη amugdálē |
ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λᾱ amugdálā |
ᾰ̓μῠγδᾰ́λαι amugdálai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
[edit]- ἀμυγδάλινος (amugdálinos)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2007) The Pre-Greek loans in Greek[1], page 16
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “92”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page ἀμυγδάλη
- ^ Blažek, Václav (2014) “Etymologizing ‘unetymologizable’ Greek dendronyms”, in Graeco-Latina Brunensia[2], volume 19, number 1, pages 41–43
Further reading
[edit]- “ἀμυγδάλη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ἀμυγδάλη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἀμυγδάλη in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- ἀμυγδάλη in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies
- Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek terms borrowed from Semitic languages
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Semitic languages
- Ancient Greek 4-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns
- Ancient Greek first-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension
- grc:Trees
- grc:Nuts
- grc:Stone fruits