πνεύμων

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• πλεύμων (pleúmōn)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *plew-

Proto-Indo-European *-mō

Proto-Indo-European *pléwmō

Ancient Greek πλεύμων (pleúmōn)

Proto-Indo-European *pnew-

Ancient Greek πνέω (pnéō)influ.

Proto-Indo-European *pnew-

Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥

Proto-Indo-European *pnéwmn̥

Ancient Greek πνεῦμα (pneûma)influ.

Ancient Greek πνεύμων (pneúmōn)

Alteration of πλεύμων (pleúmōn) influenced by πνέω (pnéō, “I blow”) / πνεῦμα (pneûma, “breath”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pněu̯.mɔːn/ → /ˈpneβ.mon/ → /ˈpnev.mon/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pněu̯.mɔːn/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpnew.mon/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpneβ.mon/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpnev.mon/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpnev.mon/

Noun

πνεύμων • (pneúmōn) m (genitive πνεύμονος); third declension

1. lung
2. kind of a mollusk

Usage notes

Usually in plural.

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ πνεύμων; τοῦ πνεύμονος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ πνεύμων ho pneúmōn	τὼ πνεύμονε tṑ pneúmone	οἱ πνεύμονες hoi pneúmones
Genitive	τοῦ πνεύμονος toû pneúmonos	τοῖν πνευμόνοιν toîn pneumónoin	τῶν πνευμόνων tôn pneumónōn
Dative	τῷ πνεύμονῐ tôi pneúmoni	τοῖν πνευμόνοιν toîn pneumónoin	τοῖς πνεύμοσῐ / πνεύμοσῐν toîs pneúmosi(n)
Accusative	τὸν πνεύμονᾰ tòn pneúmona	τὼ πνεύμονε tṑ pneúmone	τοὺς πνεύμονᾰς toùs pneúmonas
Vocative	πνεῦμον pneûmon	πνεύμονε pneúmone	πνεύμονες pneúmones
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• πνευμόνιον (pneumónion)

Descendants

• Greek: πνεύμονας (pnévmonas)

Further reading

• “πνεύμων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πνεύμων”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πνεύμων”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• πνεύμων in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• πνεύμων in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963