συβώτης

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀱𐀦𐀲 (su-qo-ta), from Proto-Hellenic *sugʷṓtās, equivalent to σῦς (sûs, “swine”) +‎ βω- (bō-, “to feed”) (from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₃-) + -της (-tēs). Compare Latin subulcus.

The short vowel and preservation of initial /s/ are difficult to explain.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sy.bɔ̌ː.tɛːs/ → /syˈβo.tis/ → /siˈvo.tis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sy.bɔ̌ː.tɛːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /syˈbo.te̝s/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /syˈβo.tis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /syˈvo.tis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /siˈvo.tis/

Noun

σῠβώτης • (subṓtēs) m (genitive σῠβώτου); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic)

1. swineherd

Declension

First declension of ὁ σῠβώτης; τοῦ σῠβώτου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σῠβώτης ho subṓtēs	τὼ σῠβώτᾱ tṑ subṓtā	οἱ σῠβῶται hoi subôtai
Genitive	τοῦ σῠβώτου toû subṓtou	τοῖν σῠβώταιν toîn subṓtain	τῶν σῠβωτῶν tôn subōtôn
Dative	τῷ σῠβώτῃ tôi subṓtēi	τοῖν σῠβώταιν toîn subṓtain	τοῖς σῠβώταις toîs subṓtais
Accusative	τὸν σῠβώτην tòn subṓtēn	τὼ σῠβώτᾱ tṑ subṓtā	τοὺς σῠβώτᾱς toùs subṓtās
Vocative	σῠβῶτᾰ subôta	σῠβώτᾱ subṓtā	σῠβῶται subôtai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First declension of σῠβώτης; σῠβώτᾱο (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	σῠβώτης subṓtēs	σῠβώτᾱ subṓtā	σῠβῶται subôtai
Genitive	σῠβώτᾱο / σῠβώτε͜ω / σῠβώτω subṓtāo / subṓte͜ō / subṓtō	σῠβώταιν / σῠβώταιῐν / σῠβώτῃῐν subṓtai(i)n / subṓtēiin	σῠβωτᾱ́ων / σῠβωτέ͜ων / σῠβωτῶν subōtā́ōn / subōté͜ōn / subōtôn
Dative	σῠβώτῃ subṓtēi	σῠβώταιν / σῠβώταιῐν / σῠβώτῃῐν subṓtai(i)n / subṓtēiin	σῠβώτῃσῐ / σῠβώτῃσῐν / σῠβώτῃς / σῠβώταις subṓtēisi(n) / subṓtēis / subṓtais
Accusative	σῠβώτην subṓtēn	σῠβώτᾱ subṓtā	σῠβώτᾱς subṓtās
Vocative	σῠβῶτᾰ subôta	σῠβώτᾱ subṓtā	σῠβῶται subôtai
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

First declension of ὁ σῠβώτης; τοῦ σῠβώτεω (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σῠβώτης ho subṓtēs	τὼ σῠβώτᾱ tṑ subṓtā	οἱ σῠβῶται hoi subôtai
Genitive	τοῦ σῠβώτεω / σῠβώτω toû subṓteō / subṓtō	τοῖν σῠβώταιν toîn subṓtain	τῶν σῠβωτέων / σῠβωτῶν tôn subōtéōn / subōtôn
Dative	τῷ σῠβώτῃ tôi subṓtēi	τοῖν σῠβώταιν toîn subṓtain	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν σῠβώτῃσῐ / σῠβώτῃσῐν toîsi(n) subṓtēisi(n)
Accusative	τὸν σῠβώτην tòn subṓtēn	τὼ σῠβώτᾱ tṑ subṓtā	τοὺς σῠβώτᾱς toùs subṓtās
Vocative	σῠβῶτᾰ subôta	σῠβώτᾱ subṓtā	σῠβῶται subôtai
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Further reading

• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σῦς, συός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1425
• “συβώτης”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • swineherd idem, page 849.