сам

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Belarusian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *samъ.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [sam]
  • (file)

Pronoun[edit]

сам (samm

  1. (definitive pronoun, emphatic) self, -self

Declension[edit]

Bulgarian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *samъ.

Adjective[edit]

сам (sam) (adverb са́мо)

  1. alone, by oneself
  2. the very ..., the ... himself/herself/itself
    на сами́я край
    na samíja kraj
    at the very end
    сама́та жена́ дойде́
    samáta žená dojdé
    the woman herself came
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • сам (прил.)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
  • сам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
  • Racheva, M.; Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “сам¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 453

Etymology 2[edit]

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic сѣмъ (sěmŭ), an oblique case form of сѣмо (sěmo, here, hither), from Proto-Slavic *sěmo. The unexpected vowel in modern Bulgarian is likely by analogy with там (tam, there) and its derived terms.

Adverb[edit]

сам (sam) (not comparable) (archaic or dialectal)

  1. with beckoning verbs in the imperative: here, in this place
    Ела́ сам!Elá sam!Come here!
Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Kalmyk[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Mongolic *sam, compare Mongolian сам (sam), Buryat һам (ham), Dongxiang san.

Noun[edit]

сам (sam)

  1. comb

Macedonian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *samъ.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

сам (sam) (comparative посам, superlative најсам, diminutive самичок, abstract noun самотија)

  1. alone, by oneself

Declension[edit]

Mongolian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Mongolic *sam, compare Buryat һам (ham), Kalmyk сам (sam), Dongxiang san.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

сам (sam) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠠᠮ (sam), definite plural самнууд); (hidden-n declension)

  1. comb

Derived terms[edit]

Northern Mansi[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Uralic *śilmä.[1] Cognates include Northern Khanty сєм (sêm), Hungarian szem, Finnish silmä and Estonian silm.

Noun[edit]

сам (sam)

  1. eye
  2. seed

Declension[edit]

Inflection of сам (sam)
singular dual plural
nominative сам (sam) самыг (samyg) самыт (samyt)
locative самт (samt) самыгт (samygt) самытт (samytt)
lative самн (samn) самыгн (samygn) самытн (samytn)
ablative самныл (samnyl) самыгныл (samygnyl) самытныл (samytnyl)
instrumental самыл (samyl) самыгтыл (samygtyl) самытыл (samytyl)
translative самыг (samyg) ―― ――
Possessive forms of сам (sam)
possessor single possession double possession multiple possession
1st person sing. самум (samum) самагум (samagum) саманум (samanum)
2nd person sing. самын (samyn) самагын (samagyn) саман (saman)
3rd person sing. саме (same) самаге (samage) саманэ (samanè)
1st person dual самме̄н (sammēn) самагаме̄н (samagamēn) саманаме̄н (samanamēn)
2nd person dual самы̄н (samȳn) самагы̄н (samagȳn) саманы̄н (samanȳn)
3rd person dual саме̄ (samē) самаге̄н (samagēn) саманэ̄н (samanè̄n)
1st person plural самув (samuw) самагув (samaguw) саманув (samanuw)
2nd person plural самы̄н (samȳn) самагы̄н (samagȳn) саманы̄н (samanȳn)
3rd person plural саманыл (samanyl) самага̄ныл (samagānyl) сама̄ныл (samānyl)

References[edit]

  • Afanasʹjeva, K. V.; Sobjanina, S. A. (2012), “сам”, in Školʹnyj mansijsko-russkij slovarʹ) [Mansi-Russian school dictionary], Khanty-Mansiysk: RIO IRO
  1. ^ Entry #964 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

Russian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *samъ.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

сам (samm (neuter само́, feminine сама́, plural са́ми)

  1. (definitive pronoun, emphatic) self, -self
    Я сам э́то ви́дел
    Ja sam éto vídel
    I saw it myself.
    Само́ госуда́рство так реши́ло
    Samó gosudárstvo tak rešílo
    The State itself has so decided.

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Southern Yukaghir: сам (sam), саам (sām)

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *samъ.

Adjective[edit]

са̑м (definite са̑мӣ, Latin spelling sȃm)

  1. alone, sole
  2. the very
  3. unaided, single-handed
  4. absolute, mere, unmixed
  5. solitary, secluded
Declension[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *(j)esmь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *esmi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-.

Verb[edit]

са̏м (Latin spelling sȁm)

  1. first-person singular present enclitic of би̏ти
    Ту сам.I'm here.

Southern Yukaghir[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Russian сам (sam).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈsam]
  • Rhymes: -am
  • Hyphenation: сам

Pronoun[edit]

сам (sam)

  1. self, -self
    • 2007, M. I. Turpanova, Раньше, когда мы были маленькие [Before, when we were little]:
      Титтэ сам иҥдьэҥитэй, - мони.
      Titte sam iŋdʹeŋitej, - moni.
      They will sew it themselves, - he said.

References[edit]

  • Elena Maslova (2003) A Grammar of Kolyma Yukaghir, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 26

Ukrainian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *samъ.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

сам (samm

  1. (definitive pronoun, emphatic) self, -self

Declension[edit]

Further reading[edit]