מכה
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Hebrew[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
| Root |
|---|
| נ־כ־ה (n-k-h) |
Noun[edit]
מַכָּה • (maká) f (plural indefinite מַכּוֹת, singular construct מַכַּת־, plural construct מַכּוֹת־)
- an attack, an assault, a hit, a wound
- Tanach, Jeremiah 10:19, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- אוֹי לִי עַל־שִׁבְרִי נַחְלָה מַכָּתִי וַאֲנִי אָמַרְתִּי אַךְ זֶה חֳלִי וְאֶשָּׂאֶנּוּ׃
- oy li 'al shivrí naḥlá makatí va-ani amárti akh zeh ḥolí v-esa'énu
- Woe is me for my hurt! My wound is grievous; But I said: ‘This is but a sickness, And I must bear it.’
- Tanach, Zechariah 13:6:
- וְאָמַר אֵלָיו מָה הַמַּכּוֹת הָאֵלֶּה בֵּין יָדֶיךָ וְאָמַר אֲשֶׁר הֻכֵּיתִי בֵּית מְאַהֲבָי׃
- v-amár eláv mah ha-makót ha-élleh bein yadékha v-amár ashér hukéiti beit m'ahavái
- And one shall say unto him: ‘What are these wounds between thy hands?’ Then he shall answer: ‘Those with which I was wounded in the house of my friends.’
- (rabbinic) a lash, a stripe (with a whip)
- a. 217 C.E., Mishnah, Shevu'ot 3:7:
- זוֹ הִיא שְׁבוּעַת בִּטּוּי, שֶׁחַיָּבִין עַל זְדוֹנָהּ מַכּוֹת וְעַל שִׁגְגָתָהּ קָרְבָּן עוֹלֶה וְיוֹרֵד. שְׁבוּעַת שָׁוְא, חַיָּבִין עַל זְדוֹנָהּ מַכּוֹת וְעַל שִׁגְגָתָהּ פָּטוּר:
- zo hi shvu'át biṭṭúy, she-ḥayyavín 'al zdon-áh makot v-al shig'gat-áh qorbán 'oléh v-yoréd. át shav', ḥayyavín 'al zdon-áh makot v-'al shig'gat-áh paṭur
- This is an utterance-oath, wherein one is liable if intentionally broken for lashes, and if unintentionally a sliding-scale offering. For a vain-oath, one is liable if intentionally broken for lashes, and if unintentionally one is exempt.
- a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Sanhedrin 87b:
- דִּינֵי מַכּוֹת בִּפְלוּגְתָּא דְּרַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל וְרַבָּנַן דִּתְנַן מַכּוֹת בִּשְׁלֹשָׁה מִשּׁוּם רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל אָמְרוּ בְּעֶשְׂרִים וּשְׁלֹשָׁה
- dinéi makót bi-flúgta d-rabbí yishma'él v-rabbanán di-tnán makót bi-shloshá mi-shum rabbí yishma'ĺ amrú b-'esrím u-shloshá
- Judgements involving lashes are in dispute between Rabbi Ishmael and the sages, as taught: "Lashes are judged by three judges. According to Rabbi Ishmael, they said, by twenty-three judges."
- a plague
- Tanach, Deuteronomy 28:59, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- וְהִפְלָא יְהֹוָה אֶת־מַכֹּתְךָ וְאֵת מַכּוֹת זַרְעֶךָ מַכּוֹת גְּדֹלֹת וְנֶאֱמָנוֹת וׇחֳלָיִם רָעִים וְנֶאֱמָנִים׃
- v-hiflá Adonái et makotkhá v-et makót zar'ékha makót g'dolót v-ne'emanót vo-ḥoláyim ra'ím v-ne'emaním
- then the LORD will make thy plagues wonderful, and the plagues of thy seed, even great plagues, and of long continuance, and sore sicknesses, and of long continuance.
- a. 217 C.E., Mishnah, Avot 5:4:
- עֶשֶׂר מַכּוֹת הֵבִיא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עַל הַמִּצְרִיִּים בְּמִצְרַיִם וְעֶשֶׂר עַל הַיָּם.
- 'éser makót heví ha-qadósh barúkh hu 'al ha-mitsriyím b-mitsráyim v-'éser 'al ha-yam.
- Ten plagues the Holy Blessed One brought upon the Egyptians in Egypt, and ten at the sea.
Verb[edit]
מַכֶּה • (maké)
- masculine singular present of הִכָּה (hiká)
- Tanach, Exodus 2:11, with translation of the King James Version:
- אִישׁ מִצְרִי מַכֶּה אִישׁ עִבְרִי
- ish mitsrí maké ish ivrí
- an Egyptian smiting an Hebrew
Verb[edit]
מַכָּה • (maká)
Verb[edit]
מֻכֶּה • (muké)
- Masculine singular present participle and present tense of הוכה / הֻכָּה (huká)
- וְאֵלּוּ שֶׁכּוֹפִין אוֹתוֹ לְהוֹצִיא, מֻכֵּה שְׁחִין, וּבַעַל פּוֹלִיפּוֹס, וְהַמְקַמֵּץ, וְהַמְצָרֵף נְחֹשֶׁת, וְהַבֻּרְסִי, בֵּין שֶׁהָיוּ בָם עַד שֶׁלֹּא נִשְּׂאוּ וּבֵין מִשֶּׁנִּשְּׂאוּ נוֹלָדוּ
- V-élu she-kofín otó l'hotzí, muká sh'chin, u-vá'al pólipos, v-ha-m'kaméts, v-ha-m'tsaréf n'chóshet, v-ha-bursí, ben she-hayú vam ad she-lo nis'ú u-vein mi-she-nis'ú noladó.
- And these are the ones who are forced to divorce: one struck with boils, one who has a polyp, a feces-gatherer, a coppersmith and a tanner, whether they were such before they married or whether arrived after they were married.
References[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Borrowed from Arabic مَكَّة (makka).
Proper noun[edit]
מֶכָּה • (meka) f
- Mecca (city)