شمس

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Arabic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From the root ش م س (š-m-s), the noun “sun” inherited from Proto-Semitic *śamš-.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (sun): IPA(key): /ʃams/
  • (sun):
    (file)
  • (to expose to the sun): IPA(key): /ʃam.ma.sa/
  • (to be headstrong): IPA(key): /ʃa.ma.sa/
  • (to be sunny): IPA(key): /ʃa.mi.sa/
  • (to be sunny): IPA(key): /ʃa.ma.sa/
  • (being sunny): IPA(key): /ʃa.mas/

Noun[edit]

شَمْس (šamsf (plural شُمُوس (šumūs))

  1. sun
    تُشْرِقُ ٱلشَّمْسُ كُلَّ صَبَاحٍ وَتُنِيرُ ٱلْعَالَمَ بِنُورِهَا.
    tušriqu š-šamsu kulla ṣabāḥin watunīru l-ʕālama binūrihā.
    The sun rises every morning and illuminates the world with its light.

Declension[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Maltese: xemx
  • Moroccan Arabic: شمش (šamš), شمس (šams)
  • Malay: شمس, syamsi
  • Ottoman Turkish: شمس (şems)
  • Uzbek: shams

Verb[edit]

شَمَسَ (šamasa) I, non-past يَشْمُسُ‎ (yašmusu)

  1. to be headstrong, to be restive

Conjugation[edit]

Verb[edit]

شَمَسَ (šamasa) I, non-past يَشْمِسُ or يَشْمُسُ‎ (yašmisu or yašmusu)
شَمِسَ (šamisa) I, non-past يَشْمَسُ‎ (yašmasu)

  1. to be sunny

Conjugation[edit]

Verb[edit]

شَمَّسَ (šammasa) II, non-past يُشَمِّسُ‎ (yušammisu)

  1. to expose to the sun, to dry in the sun
  2. to perform the office of deacon

Conjugation[edit]

Noun[edit]

شَمَس (šamasm

  1. verbal noun of شَمِسَ (šamisa) (form I)

Declension[edit]

References[edit]

  • Freytag, Georg (1833), “شمس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 450
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “شمس”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 1269
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “شمس”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[1], London: W.H. Allen, page 555
  • Wehr, Hans (1979), “شمس”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
  • Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “شمس”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 674

Malay[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic شَمْس (šams), from Proto-Semitic *śamš-.

Pronunciation[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

شمس (Rumi spelling syamsi or syamsu)

  1. sun (the star around which the Earth revolves)

Synonyms[edit]

Moroccan Arabic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic شَمْس (šams).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

شمس (šamsf (plural شموس (šmūs) or شموسة (šmūsa))

  1. Alternative form of شمش (šamš)

Ottoman Turkish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic شَمْس (šams), from Proto-Semitic *śamš-.

Noun[edit]

شمس (şems)

  1. sun
  2. sunshine

Synonyms[edit]

South Levantine Arabic[edit]

Root
ش م س
4 terms

Etymology 1[edit]

From Arabic شَمَّسَ (šammasa).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ʃam.mas/, [ˈʃam.mas]
  • (file)

Verb[edit]

شمّس (šammas) II (present بشمّس (bišammes), active participle مشمّس (mšammes))

  1. to be sunny
    (الدنيا) عم بتشمّس.(id-dinya) ʕam bitšammas.It's sunny.
  2. to air, to spread out to dry in the sun
    شمّسنا الفراش.
    šammasna l-frāš
    We aired the bedding.
Usage notes[edit]
  • In the first sense, this verb is usually conjugated in the feminine 3rd-person singular form, as الدنيا (id-dinya) is the implied subject.
Conjugation[edit]
    Conjugation of شمّس (šammas)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m شمّست (šammast) شمّست (šammast) شمّس (šammas) شمّسنا (šammasna) شمّستو (šammastu) شمّسو (šammasu)
f شمّستي (šammasti) شمّست (šammasat)
present m بشمّس (bašammes) بتشمّس (bitšammes) بشمّس (bišammes) منشمّس (minšammes) بتشمّسو (bitšammsu) بشمّسو (bišammsu)
f بتشمّسي (bitšammsi) بتشمّس (bitšammes)
subjunctive m اشمّس (ašammes) تشمّس (tšammes) يشمّس (yšammes) نشمّس (nšammes) تشمّسو (tšammsu) يشمّسو (yšammsu)
f تشمّسي (tšammsi) تشمّس (tšammes)
imperative m شمّس (šammes) شمّسو (šammsu)
f شمّسي (šammsi)
See also[edit]
Weather · الطقس (iṭ-ṭaʔs)
Sunny Rainy Snowy Cloudy Dark
Verb شمّس (šammas) شتّى (šatta) تلّج (tallaj) غيّم (ḡayyam) عتّم (ʕattam)
Adjective مشمّس (mšammes) مشتّي (mšatti) متلّج (mtallej) مغيّم (mḡayyem) عتم (ʕitm)
Noun شمس (šams) شتا (šita) تلج (tilj) غيم (ḡēm) عتمة (ʕatme)

Etymology 2[edit]

From Arabic شَمْس (šams).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

شمس (šamsf

  1. sun
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]