和尚

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See also: 和尙

Chinese[edit]

 
mix together; peace; harmony
mix together; peace; harmony; and; with; union; cap (a poem); respond in singing; soft; warm
 
still; yet; to value
still; yet; to value; to esteem
trad. (和尚/和尙) 和 尚/尙
simp. (和尚) 和 尚
alternative forms
 
和上
和闍／和阇
和社
鶻社／鹘社
殟社
和上
和闍／和阇
和社
鶻社／鹘社
殟社
烏社／乌社
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Etymology[edit]

“Senior monk who holds the precepts-granting ceremony; preceptor” > “high priest; head monk” > “Buddhist monks in general”. First attested in the 3rd–4th centuries CE, as 和上.

Borrowed from Prakrit uvajjhāa, uajjhāa, ujjhāa, ojjhāa, ojhāa, ujjhā, ujjha (“teacher; religious teacher”), all ultimately derived from Sanskrit उपाध्याय (upādhyāya, “teacher; preceptor; spiritual adviser”) (Chu, 2002). The use of 上 (MC dzyangH) or 尚 (MC dzyangH) to render Prakrit jjhāa /d̚d͡ʑʱɑː.ɐ/ was probably influenced by:

  1. The weakening of the nasal –ŋ coda in the ancient northwestern dialect of Middle Chinese, and
  2. The use of phono-semantic matching in transcription, with 尚 taken to mean “noble; virtuous; to revere” (idem).

Compare Gandhari 𐨀𐨂𐨬𐨗𐨸𐨩 (uvaj̄aya, “teacher”), Pali upajjhāya, upajjhā, upajjha (“spiritual teacher or preceptor”), Hindi ओझा (ojhā, “exorcist”), Sindhi واڍو / वाढो (vāḍho, “carpenter”), Assamese ওজা (üza, “one well-versed in any art; teacher; sorcerer”), Bengali ওঝা (ōjha, “snake-charmer; exorcist”), Odia ଓଝା (ojha, “teacher; one who cures snake-bites; wizard; exorcist; title of blacksmiths and carpenters”), Malayalam വാധ്യായൻ (vādhyāyaṉ, “teacher; family priest”), Tamil வாத்தியார் (vāttiyār, “teacher; family priest; one who trains actors and dancers”).

Alternative theories, such as those put forth by Tang Dynasty monks Xuanying and Huiyuan, hypothesise that this was borrowed from Khotanese or language of the Shule Kingdom, but these appear less likely.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • huê5 siên7/huê5 sion7 - vernacular;
  • hua5 siang6 - literary.
Rime
Character 和 尚
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 匣 (33) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 戈 (95) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Open
Division (等) I III
Fanqie 戸戈切 時亮切
Baxter hwa dzyangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦuɑ/ /d͡ʑɨɐŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦuɑ/ /d͡ʑiɐŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣuɑ/ /d͡ʑiɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦwa/ /d͡ʑɨaŋH/
Li
Rong 		/ɣuɑ/ /ʑiaŋH/
Wang
Li 		/ɣuɑ/ /ʑĭaŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ɣuɑ/ /ʑi̯aŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		huó shàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		wo4 soeng6

Noun[edit]

和尚

  1. (Buddhism) preceptor; high priest; head monk
  2. (by extension) any Buddhist monk
  3. (Gan) knee

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 和尚 (“Buddhist monk”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 和尚, 比丘, 僧, 僧人, 僧侶, 禪師 honorific
Mandarin Beijing 和尚
Taiwan 和尚
Tianjin 和尚
Chengde 和尚
Tangshan 和尚
Cangzhou 和尚
Baoding 和尚
Shijiazhuang 和尚
Chifeng 和尚
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 和尚
Heihe 和尚
Qiqihar 和尚
Harbin 和尚
Jiamusi 和尚
Baicheng 和尚
Changchun 和尚
Tonghua 和尚
Shenyang 和尚
Dandong 和尚
Jinzhou 和尚
Dalian 和尚
Yantai 和尚
Yantai (Muping) 和尚
Qingdao 和尚
Lijin 和尚
Zhucheng 和尚
Jinan 和尚, 僧人
Jining 和尚
Luoyang 和尚
Wanrong 和尚
Shangqiu 和尚
Yuanyang 和尚
Zhengzhou 和尚
Lingbao 和尚
Xinyang 和尚
Baihe 和尚
Hanzhong 和尚
Xi'an 和尚
Baoji 和尚
Yinchuan 和尚
Tianshui 和尚
Lanzhou 和尚
Dunhuang 和尚
Xining 和尚
Hami 和尚
Ürümqi 和尚
Wuhan 和尚
Yichang 和尚
Xiangyang 和尚
Tianmen 和尚
Hong'an 和尚
Chengdu 和尚
Nanchong 和尚
Dazhou 和尚
Hanyuan 和尚
Xichang 和尚
Zigong 和尚
Chongqing 和尚
Guiyang 和尚, 師父
Zunyi 和尚
Bijie 和尚
Liping 和尚
Zhaotong 和尚
Dali 和尚
Kunming 和尚
Mengzi 和尚
Guilin 和尚
Guilin (Lingui) 和尚
Liuzhou 和尚, 師父
Liuzhou (Luorong) 和尚
Nanning (Wuming) 和尚
Jishou 和尚
Changde 和尚
Anqing 和尚
Xuzhou 和尚
Fuyang 和尚
Wuhu 和尚
Yangzhou 和尚
Lianyungang 和尚
Lianshui 和尚
Nanjing 和尚
Hefei 和尚
Nantong 和尚
Singapore 和尚, 師父
Cantonese Guangzhou 和尚
Hong Kong 和尚
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 和尚
Macau 和尚
Guangzhou (Panyu) 和尚
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 和尚
Guangzhou (Conghua) 和尚
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 和尚
Foshan 和尚
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 和尚
Foshan (Shunde) 和尚
Foshan (Sanshui) 和尚
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 和尚
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 和尚
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 和尚
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 和尚
Zhuhai (Doumen) 和尚
Jiangmen (Baisha) 和尚
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 和尚
Taishan 和尚
Kaiping (Chikan) 和尚
Enping (Niujiang) 和尚
Heshan (Yayao) 和尚
Dongguan 和尚
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 和尚
Qingyuan 和尚
Fogang 和尚
Yingde (Hanguang) 和尚
Yangshan 和尚
Lianshan (Butian) 和尚
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 和尚
Shaoguan 和尚
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 和尚
Renhua 和尚
Lechang 和尚
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 和尚
Sihui 和尚
Guangning 和尚
Deqing 和尚
Huaiji 和尚
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 和尚
Yunfu 和尚
Xinxing 和尚
Luoding 和尚
Yunan (Pingtai) 和尚
Xinyi 和尚
Lianjiang 和尚
Nanning 和尚
Wuzhou 和尚
Yulin 和尚
Hepu (Lianzhou) 和尚
Guiping 和尚
Mengshan (Xihe) 和尚
Guigang (Nanjiang) 和尚
Beiliu (Tangliao) 和尚
Baise 和尚
Bobai 和尚
Lingshan 和尚
Pubei 和尚
Qinzhou 和尚
Beihai 和尚
Ningming 和尚
Hengzhou 和尚
Hezhou (Pumen) 和尚
Gan Nanchang 和尚
Pengze 和尚
Lichuan 和尚
Pingxiang 和尚
Hakka Meixian 和尚, 齋公
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 和尚
Dongguan (Qingxi) 和尚
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 和尚
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 和尚
Conghua (Lütian) 和尚
Yudu 和尚
Ruijin 和尚
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 和尚, 齋公仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 和尚, 齋牯, 齋公
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 和尚, 齋公仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 和尚, 齋公
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 和尚, 齋公仔
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 和尚
Luchuan (Daqiao) 和尚
Beiliu (Tang'an) 和尚
Mashan (Pianlian) 師父
Huizhou Jixi 和尚
Shexian 和尚
Jin Taiyuan 和尚
Pingyao 和尚
Yangyuan 和尚
Datong 和尚
Xinzhou 和尚
Lishi 和尚
Linfen 和尚
Changzhi 和尚
Linhe 和尚
Jining 和尚
Hohhot 和尚
Erenhot 和尚
Pingshan 和尚
Zhangjiakou 和尚
Handan 和尚
Linzhou 和尚
Suide 和尚
Northern Min Jian'ou 道老
Songxi 長老
Zhenghe 長老
Jianyang 長老
Wuyishan 長老
Pucheng (Shibei) 長老
Eastern Min Fuzhou 和尚
Fuqing 和尚, 仙師
Southern Min Xiamen 和尚
Quanzhou 和尚
Zhangzhou 和尚
Taipei 和尚
New Taipei (Sanxia) 和尚
Kaohsiung 和尚
Yilan 和尚
Changhua (Lukang) 和尚
Taichung 和尚
Tainan 和尚
Hsinchu 和尚
Kinmen 和尚
Penghu (Magong) 和尚
Penang (Hokkien) 和尚
Manila (Hokkien) 和尚
Zhangping (Yongfu) 和尚
Datian 和尚
Shunchang (Pushang) 和尚
Pingnan (Shangdu) 和尚
Chaozhou 和尚
Shantou 師父
Shantou (Chenghai) 師父
Jieyang 和尚
Leizhou 和尚
Haikou 和尚
Puxian Min Putian (Donghai) 和尚
Central Min Yong'an 和尚, 長老
Sanyuan 長老
Shaxian 和尚
Shaojiang Min Shaowu 和尚
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 和尚
Sanxiang 和尚
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 和尚
Nanning (Shajing) 和尚
Binyang (Xinqiao) 和尚
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 和尚
Guilin (Chaoyang) 和尚
Guilin (Zhuyuan) 和尚
Lingchuan (Tanxia) 和尚
Wu Shanghai 和尚
Shanghai (Chongming) 和尚
Shanghai (Jiading) 和尚
Shanghai (Songjiang) 和尚
Suzhou 和尚
Danyang 和尚
Hangzhou 和尚
Ningbo 和尚
Wenzhou 和尚
Jinhua 和尚
Xiang Changsha 和尚
Loudi 齋公
Quanzhou 和尚
Guanyang (Wenshi) 和尚
  • (knee):
Dialectal synonyms of 膝蓋 (“knee”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 膝
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 膝蓋
Mandarin Beijing 波稜蓋兒, 胳稜瓣兒, 磕膝蓋兒
Taiwan 膝蓋
Tianjin 波稜蓋兒, 磕膝蓋兒, 脖拉蓋兒, 脖力蓋兒
Langfang 波了蓋兒
Tangshan 波稜蓋兒
Cangzhou 波拉蓋兒
Baoding 圪拉瓣兒
Shijiazhuang 膝蓋兒, 磕膝蓋兒
Daming 胳拉伴兒
Ulanhot 波浪蓋兒
Tongliao 波浪蓋兒
Chifeng 簸籮蓋
Bayanhot 波羅蓋
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 波浪蓋兒
Harbin 簸稜蓋兒, 簸勒蓋兒
Shenyang 波拉蓋兒
Yantai (Muping) 波稜蓋
Qingdao 波羅蓋兒
Jinan 波勒蓋, 波拉蓋, 胳拉瓣兒
Luoyang 不老蓋兒, 圪老拜兒
Wanrong 圪膝蓋, 膝子蓋
Zhengzhou 不牢蓋兒, 膝蓋
Xi'an 磕膝蓋
Yinchuan 波里蓋, 膝蓋
Lanzhou 波膝蓋子, 玻璃蓋子
Xining 波膝蓋
Ürümqi 波膝蓋兒
Wuhan 磕膝頭, 磕膝, 拱子
Huanggang 色頭兒
Chengdu 磕膝頭兒, 膝蓋
Guiyang 磕膝頭
Kunming 磕膝頭
Guilin 膝蓋
Liuzhou 波羅蓋, 腳膝蓋
Xuzhou 胳老拜子, 膝蓋
Yangzhou 磕膝頭子, 波羅蓋子 dated
Nanjing 磕膝頭, 磕膝頭兒, 胳蓋兒
Hefei 胳腦頭子, 胳腦頭, 磕膝頭
Nantong 膝頭盤兒
Changle (Qinjiang) 波羅蓋
Singapore 膝蓋
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 磕膝蓋, 普膝蓋子
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 磕膝蓋, 磕膝蓋子, 洼膝羅子
Cantonese Guangzhou 膝頭哥, 膝頭
Hong Kong 膝頭哥, 膝頭
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 膝頭哥
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 膝頭蓋
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 膝頭
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 膝頭
Macau 膝頭
Guangzhou (Panyu) 膝頭哥
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 膝頭哥
Guangzhou (Conghua) 膝頭牯
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 膝頭
Foshan 膝頭哥
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 膝頭哥
Foshan (Shunde) 膝頭哥
Foshan (Sanshui) 膝頭哥
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Huancheng) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Nanlang) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Xiaolan) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Dongsheng) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Tanbei) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Henglan) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Dongfeng) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Nantou) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Fusha) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Shalang) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Gangkou) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Huangpu) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Sanjiao) 膝頭跗
Zhongshan (Langwang) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Minzhong) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Guzhen) 膝腳頭, 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Banfu) 膝頭哥
Zhongshan (Tanzhou) 膝頭哥
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 膝頭哥
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 膝頭
Zhuhai (Doumen) 膝頭哥
Jiangmen (Baisha) 膝頭哥
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 膝頭哥
Taishan 膝頭哥, 膝頭
Kaiping (Chikan) 膝頭哥
Enping (Niujiang) 膝頭哥
Heshan (Yayao) 膝頭蓋
Dongguan 膝頭, 波羅蓋, 膝蓋
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 波羅蓋
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 膝頭
Qingyuan 膝頭哥
Fogang 膝頭哥
Yingde (Hanguang) 膝頭牯
Yangshan 膝頭牯
Lianshan (Butian) 膝頭牯
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 膝頭蓋
Shaoguan 膝頭哥
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 膝頭哥
Renhua 膝頭哥
Lechang 膝頭哥
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 膝頭哥
Sihui 膝頭哥
Guangning 膝頭哥
Deqing 膝頭牯, 膝頭哥
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 膝頭牯
Yunfu 膝頭牯
Xinxing 膝頭哥
Luoding 膝頭哥
Yunan (Pingtai) 膝頭牯
Yangjiang 膝頭
Xinyi 膝頭牯
Lianjiang 膝頭
Nanning 膝頭哥, 膝頭
Wuzhou 膝頭
Yulin 膝頭
Hepu (Lianzhou) 膝蓋
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 膝頭哥
Singapore (Guangfu) 膝頭哥
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 膝頭哥
Gan Nanchang 膝頭, 膝頭蓋子, 磕膝, 磕膝頭子, 和尚
Lichuan 膝頭公
Pingxiang 膝頭牯
Hakka Meixian 膝頭, 膝頭項
Xingning 膝頭
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 膝頭
Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) 膝頭
Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) 膝頭
Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) 膝頭
Huidong (Daling) 膝頭
Dongguan (Qingxi) 膝頭蓋
Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) 膝頭
Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) 膝頭, 膝頭牯
Boluo (Bendihua) 膝頭
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 膝頭
Zengcheng (Zhengguo) 膝頭牯
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 膝頭, 波羅蓋
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 波羅蓋
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 膝頭
Wuhua (Huacheng) 膝頭
Wuhua (Changbu) 膝頭
Wuhua (Mianyang) 膝頭
Heyuan (Bendihua) 膝頭
Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) 膝頭
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 膝頭
Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) 膝頭
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 腳頭
Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) 膝頭
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 膝頭骨
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 膝頭牯
Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) 膝頭牯
Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) 膝頭牯
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 腳頭牯
Conghua (Lütian) 膝頭
Jiexi 膝頭
Changting 膝頭
Wuping 膝頭
Wuping (Pingyu) 膝頭
Liancheng 膝頭卵
Ninghua 膝頭拐, 膝頭腦
Yudu 膝頭
Ruijin 膝頭蓋子
Shicheng 膝頭
Shangyou (Shexi) 膝頭腦
Taoyuan 膝頭
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 膝頭, 腳膝頭
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 膝頭, 腳膝頭
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 膝頭, 腳膝頭
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 膝頭, 腳膝頭
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 膝頭, 腳膝頭
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 膝頭, 腳膝頭
Hong Kong 膝頭
Luchuan 膝頭
Luchuan (Daqiao) 膝頭, 膝蓋
Sabah (Longchuan) 膝頭
Senai (Huiyang) 膝頭
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 膝頭
Singkawang 膝頭
Huizhou Jixi 腳膝頭
Shexian 腳膝頭
Tunxi 腳膝頭
Xiuning 腳膝頭
Yixian 腳膝頭
Qimen 腳膝頭
Wuyuan 腳膝頭
Jin Taiyuan 圪膝蓋, 圪地跪
Pingyao 胳膝跪子
Xinzhou 圪替跪, 圪膝蓋, 圪膝
Taibus (Baochang) 圪膝蓋
Linhe 波羅蓋, 波羅蓋子
Jining 圪膝蓋
Hohhot 圪膝蓋, 圪膝蓋兒, 圪膝
Baotou 圪膝蓋
Dongsheng 圪膝蓋
Zhangjiakou 胳膝蓋兒
Handan 胳老伴兒
Northern Min Jian'ou 跤腹頭
Jian'ou (Dikou) 跤腹頭
Songxi 跤腹頭
Zhenghe 跤腹頭
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 跤神頭, 跤腹頭
Jianyang 跤腹頭
Wuyishan 跤脊頭
Pucheng (Shibei) 跤腹頭
Eastern Min Fuzhou 跤腹頭
Fuqing 跤肚頭, 跤腹頭
Gutian 跤腹頭
Ningde 跤骨頭
Zhouning 跤肚頭
Fuding 跤腹頭
Matsu 跤骨頭
Southern Min Xiamen 跤頭趺
Xiamen (Tong'an) 跤頭趺
Quanzhou 跤頭趺
Jinjiang 跤頭趺
Yongchun 跤頭趺, 跤頭腕
Dehua 跤頭趺
Zhangzhou 跤頭趺, 跤尪仔
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 跤腕仔, 燈火仔
Dongshan 跤頭趺
Taipei 跤頭趺
New Taipei (Sanxia) 跤頭腕
Kaohsiung 跤頭趺, 跤頭腕
Yilan 跤頭趺, 跤頭翁仔
Changhua (Lukang) 跤腕, 跤頭趺, 跤趺
Taichung 跤頭趺
Taichung (Wuqi) 跤頭趺
Tainan 跤頭趺, 跤頭腕
Taitung 跤甕
Hsinchu 跤頭趺
Kinmen 跤頭趺
Penghu (Magong) 跤頭趺, 跤頭腕
Penang (Hokkien) 跤頭趺
Singapore (Hokkien) 跤頭趺
Manila (Hokkien) 跤頭趺
Longyan 跤頭趺
Zhangping 跤趺腕
Zhangping (Yongfu) 跤趺
Datian 跤趺頭
Pingnan (Shangdu) 膝頭
Chaozhou 跤頭趺
Shantou 跤頭, 跤頭趺
Shantou (Chenghai) 跤頭
Shantou (Chaoyang) 跤頭
Jieyang 跤頭趺
Haifeng 跤頭趺
Bangkok (Teochew) 跤頭趺
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 跤頭趺
Singapore (Teochew) 跤頭趺
Leizhou 跤頭趺, 跤趺
Wenchang 跤趺
Haikou 跤趺臍, 跤趺
Qionghai 跤趺
Puxian Min Putian 跤肚頭
Xianyou 跤肚頭
Central Min Yong'an 跤頭節, 跤筒節, 跤際頭節, 跤仔頭
Sanyuan 跤脊頭
Shaxian 跤子頭
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 跤瀝頭
Sanxiang 跤頭趺, 跤即頭
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 膝頭, 膝頭蓋, 膝頭尖
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 屈頭眼
Shehua Fu'an 腳腹頭
Fuding 腳腹頭
Luoyuan 腳腹頭
Sanming 腳腹頭
Hua'an 腳腹頭
Cangnan 腳腹頭
Fengshun 腳腹頭
Wu Shanghai 腳饅頭, 膝饅頭, 膝蓋
Shanghai (Chongming) 膝饅頭
Suzhou 腳饅頭, 膝饅頭
Wuxi 膝饅頭
Danyang 膝盤頭, 膝頭盤, 膝蓋, 膝蓋頭
Hangzhou 腳髁頭, 膝髁頭, 腳膝髁頭
Ningbo 腳髁頭
Wenzhou 腳胐頭
Jinhua 腳膝䯊
Jinhua (Tangxi) 膝蓋, 腳膝髁頭
Xiang Changsha 膝頭骨, 磕膝骨
Xiangtan 膝頭牯, 膝蓋
Loudi 膝頭牯
Shuangfeng 膝頭骨
Quanzhou 磕膝頭

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (和尚):

Others:

Japanese[edit]

 和尚 on Japanese Wikipedia

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
和 尚
お
Grade: 3 		しょう
Grade: S
tōon kan’on
Alternative spelling
和尙 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

和(お)尚(しょう) • (oshō) ←をしやう (wosyau)?

  1. (Zen or Pure Land Buddhism) Buddhist priest
    1. a Buddhist priest who is the head of a temple or in a higher rank.
    2. title and style for high ranked Buddhist priests.
    3. a Buddhist priest master who gives instructions to other priests.
Synonyms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
和 尚
か
Grade: 3 		しょう
Grade: S
kan’on
Alternative spellings
和尙 (kyūjitai)
和上

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

和(か)尚(しょう) • (kashō) ←くわしやう (kwasyau)?

  1. (Tendai or Kegon Buddhism) preceptor; high priest

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
和 尚
わ
Grade: 3 		じょう
Grade: S
goon
Alternative spellings
和尙 (kyūjitai)
和上

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

和(わ)尚(じょう) • (wajō) ←わじやう (wazyau)?

  1. (Shingon, Hosso, Ritsu or Shin Buddhism) preceptor; high priest

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Vietnamese[edit]

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
和尚

Noun[edit]

和尚

  1. chữ Hán form of hoà thượng (“senior Buddhist monk”).
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