壇

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See also: 坛 and 𡊨
壇 U+58C7, 壇
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58C7
← 壆
[U+58C6] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 壈 →
[U+58C8]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
16 strokes

Han character[edit]

壇 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 土卜田一 (GYWM), four-corner 40116, composition ⿰土亶)

  1. altar
  2. arena, examination hall

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 240, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5528
  • Dae Jaweon: page 480, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 492, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+58C7

Chinese[edit]

trad. 壇
simp. 坛*

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (旦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
皽 *tjaʀ, *tanʔ, *tjanʔ
担 *taːnʔ
胆 *daːn, *daːn
疸 *taːnʔ, *taːns
觛 *taːnʔ, *taːns, *daːnʔ
亶 *taːnʔ
嬗 *taːnʔ, *tʰaːn, *djans
笪 *taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
狚 *taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
旦 *taːns
鴠 *taːns
譠 *tʰaːn, *rteːn
坦 *tʰaːnʔ
但 *daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns
檀 *daːn
壇 *daːn
儃 *daːn, *djan
驙 *daːn, *tan
袒 *daːnʔ, *rdeːns
襢 *daːnʔ, *tanʔ, *tans
繵 *daːnʔ
膻 *daːnʔ
澶 *daːns, *djan
邅 *tan, *danʔ, *dans
鱣 *tan
饘 *tjan, *tjanʔ
旜 *tjan
氈 *tjan
鸇 *tjan
顫 *tjans
蟺 *djanʔ
擅 *djans
羶 *hljan
呾 *taːd, *ʔraːd
怛 *taːd
妲 *taːd
靼 *taːd, *tjad
炟 *taːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːn) : semantic 土 + phonetic 亶 (OC *taːnʔ).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • tân/thân - literary;
  • tôaⁿ - vernacular.
Rime
Character 壇
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒干切
Baxter dan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/dɑn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/dɑn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/dɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/dan/
Li
Rong 		/dɑn/
Wang
Li 		/dɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/dʱɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		taan4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 壇 壇
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shàn tán
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzyenX › ‹ dan ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[d]anʔ/ /*[d]ˁan/
English leveled area altar

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 壇
Reading # 1/1
No. 2063
Phonetic
component 		旦
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		壇
Old
Chinese 		/*daːn/

Definitions[edit]

壇

  1. altar (Classifier: 座)
    中華世紀壇／中华世纪坛  ―  zhōnghuá shìjì tán  ―  China Millennium Monument
  2. raised plot of land for planting flowers, etc.
    花壇／花坛  ―  huātán  ―  raised flowerbed
  3. forum; place for giving lectures or speeches
    論壇／论坛  ―  lùntán  ―  forum
  4. circles
    文壇／文坛  ―  wéntán  ―  literary circles
    體壇／体坛  ―  tǐtán  ―  sports world
  5. (Cantonese) Classifier for affairs or matters.

Compounds[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (壇):
  • → Japanese: 壇(だん) (dan)
  • → Korean: 단(壇) (dan)

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai 壇
Kyūjitai
[1]
壇󠄂
壇+&#xE0102;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji[edit]

壇

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. podium, stage, rostrum, terrace

Readings[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

壇(だん) • (Dan) 

  1. a surname

References[edit]

  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 554 (paper), page 327 (digital)

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

壇 (eumhun 제단 단 (jedan dan))

  1. Hanja form? of 제 (“altar”).

Compounds[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

壇: Hán Nôm readings: đàn, đường

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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