民

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See also: 艮 and 良
民 U+6C11, 民
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C11
← 氐
[U+6C10] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 氒 →
[U+6C12]
⺠ U+2EA0, ⺠
CJK RADICAL CIVILIAN
← ⺟
[U+2E9F] 		CJK Radicals Supplement ⺡ →
[U+2EA1]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
0 strokes

Han character[edit]

民 (Kangxi radical 83, 氏+1, 5 strokes, cangjie input 口女心 (RVP), four-corner 77747, composition ⿸⿰𠄌コ𫠠)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 598, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17028
  • Dae Jaweon: page 988, character 32
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2131, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6C11

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 民

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 民
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (民) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
眠 *miːn
民 *min
泯 *min, *minʔ
怋 *min, *mɯːn
岷 *mrin
珉 *mrin
罠 *mrin
笢 *mrin, *minʔ
鈱 *mrin
抿 *mrɯn, *mrɯn, *mrɯnʔ
刡 *minʔ
敃 *mrinʔ
愍 *mrinʔ
暋 *mrinʔ
蟁 *mɯn

Pictogram (象形) – an eye pierced by a dagger. This may be interpreted as 盲 (OC *mraːŋ, “blind”) or “slave < to enslave by blinding”.

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-mi(j)-n (“people, man, human being”). Cognate with Tibetan མི (mi) and Dzongkha མི (mi).

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 民
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 彌鄰切
Baxter mjin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/miɪn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/min/
Shao
Rongfen 		/mjen/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/min/
Li
Rong 		/miĕn/
Wang
Li 		/mĭĕn/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/mi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		mín
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		man4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 民
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		mín
Middle
Chinese 		‹ mjin ›
Old
Chinese 		/*mi[ŋ]/
English people

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 民
Reading # 1/1
No. 9130
Phonetic
component 		民
Rime
group 		眞
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		民
Old
Chinese 		/*min/

Definitions[edit]

民

  1. people; citizens
    國民／国民  ―  guómín  ―  citizen
  2. folk; popular
    民謠／民谣  ―  mínyáo  ―  folk song
  3. member of an ethnic group
  4. person of a particular occupation
  5. civilian

Compounds[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (民):
  • → Japanese: 民(みん) (min)
  • → Korean: 민(民) (min)
  • → Vietnamese: dân (民)

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

民

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. nation, peoples

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
民
たみ
Grade: 4
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 民 – see the following entry.
【たみ】
[noun] citizen
(This term, 民, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
民
みん
Grade: 4
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 民 (MC mjin).

Pronunciation[edit]

Affix[edit]

民(みん) • (min) ←みん (min)?

  1. citizen

Suffix[edit]

民(みん) • (-min) ←みん (min)?

  1. (Internet slang, dated) regular of a certain social website or website section
    なんJ民(ジェイみん) ― nanjei-min ― one who frequents the 2channel NanJ board

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 民 (MC mjin).

Historical readings

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

民 (eumhun 백성 민 (baekseong min))

  1. Hanja form? of 민 (“the people; the populace; the nation”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

民: Hán Nôm readings: dân, rân

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Noun[edit]

民

  1. chữ Hán form of dân.
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