瓤

瓤 U+74E4, 瓤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-74E4 ← 瓣 [U+74E3] CJK Unified Ideographs 瓥 → [U+74E5]

Translingual

Han character

瓤 (Kangxi radical 97, 瓜+17, 22 strokes, cangjie input 卜女竹女人 (YVHVO), four-corner 0271₀, composition ⿰襄瓜)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 747, character 30
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21429
• Dae Jaweon: page 1156, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2657, character 16
• Unihan data for U+74E4

Chinese

trad.		瓤
simp. #		瓤
alternative forms		穰

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (襄) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
囊	*naːŋ
蠰	*naːŋ, *sraŋ, *hnjaŋs, *njaŋʔ
曩	*naːŋʔ
灢	*naːŋʔ, *naːŋs
儾	*naːŋs
孃	*naŋ, *njaŋ
瓤	*naŋ, *njaŋ
鑲	*naŋ, *njaŋ
釀	*naŋs
瓖	*snaŋ, *snaŋ
驤	*snaŋ
襄	*snaŋ
纕	*snaŋ
忀	*snaŋ
欀	*snaŋ, *njaŋs
饟	*hnjaŋ, *hnjaŋʔ, *hnjaŋs
攘	*njaŋ, *njaŋʔ, *njaŋs
禳	*njaŋ
穰	*njaŋ, *njaŋʔ
躟	*njaŋ, *njaŋʔ
瀼	*njaŋ
獽	*njaŋ
儴	*njaŋ
蘘	*njaŋ
鬤	*njaŋ, *rnaːŋ
勷	*njaŋ
壤	*njaŋʔ
嚷	*njaŋʔ
讓	*njaŋs
懹	*njaŋs
攮	*rnoːŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *naŋ, *njaŋ) : phonetic 襄 (OC *snaŋ) + semantic 瓜 (“gourd”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ráng (rang²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nong⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nông
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): nn̂g / liông / jiâng / jiông

  (Teochew, Peng'im): neng⁵ / riang⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶naon

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ráng
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ráng
    • Wade–Giles: jang²
    • Yale: ráng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rang
    • Palladius: жан (žan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐɑŋ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (瓤兒／瓤儿)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rángr
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄤˊㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rángr
    • Wade–Giles: jang²-ʼrh
    • Yale: rángr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rangl
    • Palladius: жанр (žanr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐɑ̃ɻ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: nong⁴
    • Yale: nòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: nong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɔːŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nông
    • Hakka Romanization System: nong´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /noŋ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nn̂g
    • Tâi-lô: nn̂g
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nngg
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /nŋ̍²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /nŋ̍²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /nŋ̍¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liông
    • Tâi-lô: liông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lioong
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /liɔŋ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiâng
    • Tâi-lô: jiâng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jiaang
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziaŋ¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiông
    • Tâi-lô: jiông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jioong
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziɔŋ²³/

Note:

• nn̂g - vernacular (“flesh; layer of fat”);
• liông/jiâng/jiông - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: neng⁵ / riang⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nṳ̂ng / jiâng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɯŋ⁵⁵/, /d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

• neng5 - vernacular;
• riang5 - literary.

• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶naon
    • MiniDict: naon^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³naan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /nɑ̃²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: nyang, nrjang

Rime
Character	瓤	瓤
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	汝陽切	女良切
Baxter	nyang	nrjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨɐŋ/	/ɳɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiɐŋ/	/ɳiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑiɑŋ/	/niɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵɨaŋ/	/ɳɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/ȵiaŋ/	/niaŋ/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭaŋ/	/nĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯aŋ/	/ni̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ráng	niáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	joeng4	noeng4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*naŋ/, /*njaŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瓤	瓤
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	13615	13630
Phonetic component	襄	襄
Rime group	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	孃	穰
Old Chinese	/*naŋ/	/*njaŋ/
Notes	見漢賦	見漢賦

Definitions

瓤

1. flesh of fruits and nuts; pulp; pith
2. object wrapped inside of something; interior part (of ceratin things)
3. (dialect) bad (of skills); weak (of health)
4. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) layer of fat between the skin and lean meat of livestcok

Compounds

• 松瓤
• 棺材瓤子
• 沙瓤兒／沙瓤儿 (shārángr)
• 瓜瓤 (guāráng)
• 瓤兒／瓤儿 (rángr)
• 瓤口兒／瓤口儿
• 瓤子

 

Japanese

Kanji

瓤

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: にょう (nyō); のう (nō)
• Kan-on: じょう (jō); どう (dō)
• Kun: うりわた (uriwata, 瓤)