眼鏡
Chinese[edit]
| eye | mirror; lens | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (眼鏡) | 眼 | 鏡 | |
| simp. (眼镜) | 眼 | 镜 | |
| Literally: “eye lens”. | |||
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
眼鏡
- glasses; eyeglasses; spectacles (Classifier: 副 m c) [from 16th c.]
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- 大跌眼鏡／大跌眼镜 (dàdiēyǎnjìng)
- 太陽眼鏡／太阳眼镜 (tàiyáng yǎnjìng)
- 夾鼻眼鏡／夹鼻眼镜
- 有色眼鏡／有色眼镜 (yǒusè yǎnjìng)
- 木頭眼鏡／木头眼镜
- 無形眼鏡／无形眼镜
- 眼鏡娘／眼镜娘 (yǎnjìngniáng)
- 眼鏡子／眼镜子 (yǎnjìngzi)
- 眼鏡布／眼镜布
- 眼鏡架／眼镜架
- 眼鏡片／眼镜片
- 眼鏡猴／眼镜猴 (yǎnjìnghóu)
- 眼鏡王蛇／眼镜王蛇 (yǎnjìng wángshé)
- 眼鏡蛇／眼镜蛇 (yǎnjìngshé)
- 老花眼鏡／老花眼镜 (lǎohuā yǎnjìng)
- 變色眼鏡／变色眼镜 (biànsè yǎnjìng)
- 跌眼鏡／跌眼镜 (diēyǎnjìng)
- 跌破眼鏡／跌破眼镜
- 配眼鏡／配眼镜 (pèi yǎnjìng)
- 隱形眼鏡／隐形眼镜 (yǐnxíng yǎnjìng)
Descendants[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 眼 | 鏡 |
| め Grade: 5 |
かね > がね Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi | |
Probably originally a compound of 目 (me, “eye”) + 金 (kane, “metal”, in reference to the metal used in eyeglass frames). The kane changes to gane as an instance of rendaku (連濁). The spelling is based on an apparent borrowing from Chinese, see the gankyō reading below.
Appears in texts from the late 1500s.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- お眼鏡 (o-megane, “(honorific) judgement”)
- 眼鏡絵 (megane e, “painting designed to be viewed through a special type of glasses”)
- 眼鏡越し (meganegoshi, “seeing through glasses”)
- 眼鏡猿 (meganezaru)
- 眼鏡違い (megane chigai, “misjudgement”)
- 眼鏡橋 (meganebashi)
- 眼鏡蛇 (megane hebi)
- 雪眼鏡 (yuki megane, “snow goggles”)
- 色眼鏡 (iro megane)
- 蟹眼鏡 (kani megane, “a kind of binocular for use on a cannon”)
- 絡繰り眼鏡 (karakuri megane, “peep show”)
- 黒眼鏡 (kuro megane)
- 水中眼鏡 (suichū megane, “hydroscope, water glass, swimming goggles”)
- 伊達眼鏡 (date megane)
- 塵除け眼鏡 (chiriyoke megane, “protection glasses”)
- 遠眼鏡 (tōmegane)
- 錦眼鏡 (nishiki megane, “kaleidoscope”)
- 覗き眼鏡 (nozoki megane, “peep show; water glass”)
- 箱眼鏡 (hako megane, “water glass”)
- 鼻眼鏡 (hana megane, “pince-nez”)
- 百色眼鏡 (hyakuiro megane, “kaleidoscope”)
- 百眼鏡 (hyaku megane, “kaleidoscope”)
- 股眼鏡 (mata megane, “looking through or between one's legs”)
- 水眼鏡 (mizu megane, “swimming goggles”)
- 虫眼鏡 (mushi megane)
- ロイド眼鏡 (roido megane, “thick round celluloid glasses”)
Idioms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- → Korean: 메가나 (megana)
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 眼 | 鏡 |
| がん Grade: 5 |
きょう Grade: 4 |
| kan’on | goon |
/ɡankjau/ → /ɡankjɔː/ → /ɡankjoː/
Probably a borrowing from written Chinese 眼鏡／眼镜 (yǎnjìng). Eyeglasses are first mentioned in Chinese in the 1400s as 靉靆／叆叇 (aidai?), a transcription of an Arabic term. By the late Ming dynasty, eyeglasses appear in writing as 靉靆即眼鏡／叆叇即眼镜 (“aidai, i.e. eye-lenses”), using the compound term 眼鏡／眼镜 (yǎnjìng, literally “eye + lens”). Compare modern Min Nan reading gán-kiàⁿ.
This reading appears in texts from the 1920s.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
眼鏡 • (gankyō) ←がんきやう (gankyau)?
- (military, possibly archaic) glasses, eyeglasses
Usage notes[edit]
This reading was mostly used by the military.[1] The standalone term gankyō may be somewhat archaic now.
Note that there are compounds that end in 眼鏡 (gankyō) that appear to be derived from this term. However, Japanese sources parse these as deriving from other terms ending in 眼 (gan, “eye”) that are then suffixed with 鏡 (kyō, “lens”).
See also[edit]
- 遠眼鏡 (engankyō, “glasses to correct farsightedness”)
- 近眼鏡 (kingankyō, “glasses to correct nearsightedness”)
- 検眼鏡 (kengankyō, “ophthalmoscope”)
- 双眼鏡 (sōgankyō)
- 天眼鏡 (tengankyō, “magnifying glass”)
- 両眼鏡 (ryōgankyō)
- 老眼鏡 (rōgankyō, “reading glasses”)
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
Korean[edit]
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 眼 | 鏡 |
Noun[edit]
- Hanja form? of 안경 (“glasses, spectacles”).
Okinawan[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 眼 | 鏡 |
| Grade: 5 | Grade: 4 |
Cognate with mainland Japanese 眼鏡 (gankyō), ultimately deriving from written Chinese 眼鏡／眼镜 (yǎnjìng). Eyeglasses are first mentioned in Chinese in the 1400s as 靉靆／叆叇 (aidai?), a transcription of an Arabic term. By the late Ming dynasty, eyeglasses appear in writing as 靉靆即眼鏡／叆叇即眼镜 (“aidai, i.e. eye-lenses”), using the compound term 眼鏡／眼镜 (yǎnjìng, literally “eye + lens”). Compare modern Min Nan reading gán-kiàⁿ.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
眼鏡 (ganchō)
Derived terms[edit]
- 目眼鏡 (mīganchō)
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 眼 | 鏡 |
| Grade: 5 | Grade: 4 |
Compound of 眼 (mī, “eye”, also spelled 目 when used in isolation) + 鏡 (kagan, “mirror, lens”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
眼鏡 (mīkagan)
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- Mandarin terms with audio links
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- zh:Eyewear
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- ryu:Eyewear