磋商

Chinese

		deliberate; to polish	commerce; consult
trad. (磋商)		磋	商
simp. #(磋商)		磋	商

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cuōshāng

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄛ ㄕㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): co¹ soeng¹

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chho-siong / chho-siang

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cuōshāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄛ ㄕㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cuoshang
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻo¹-shang¹
    • Yale: tswō-shāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuoshang
    • Palladius: цошан (cošan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: co¹ soeng¹
    • Yale: chō sēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tso¹ soeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: co¹ sêng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔː⁵⁵ sœːŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chho-siong
    • Tâi-lô: tsho-siong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhoisiofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰo⁴⁴⁻²² siɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰo³³ siɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰo⁴⁴⁻³³ siɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ siɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chho-siang
    • Tâi-lô: tsho-siang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhoisiafng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰo⁴⁴⁻²² siaŋ⁴⁴/

Verb

磋商

1. (formal) to discuss at length; to negotiate; to consult

Synonyms

• 交涉 (jiāoshè)
• 傾／倾 (king¹) (Cantonese, informal)
• 協商／协商 (xiéshāng)
• 協議／协议 (xiéyì)
• 口語／口语 (kǒuyǔ) (archaic)
• 商榷 (shāngquè) (chiefly in an academic context)
• 商討／商讨 (shāngtǎo)
• 商談／商谈 (shāngtán)
• 商議／商议 (shāngyì)
• 商量 (shāngliang)
• 接接 (Hokkien)
• 接洽 (jiēqià) (formal)
• 會談／会谈 (huìtán)
• 槌摃鐵／槌𫼱铁 (Hokkien)
• 比接 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 洽商 (qiàshāng)
• 洽談／洽谈 (qiàtán)
• 申論／申论 (shēnlùn)
• 研究 (yánjiū)
• 磋議／磋议 (cuōyì)
• 磨合 (móhé) (figurative)
• 觸牙／触牙 (Hokkien)
• 言說／言说 (yánshuō) (formal)
• 言論／言论 (yánlùn)
• 言辭／言辞 (yáncí) (literary)
• 計謀／计谋 (jìmóu) (literary)
• 計議／计议 (jìyì) (literary)
• 計較／计较
• 討論／讨论 (tǎolùn)
• 評／评 (píng) (literary, or in compounds)
• 評論／评论 (pínglùn)
• 說／说
• 說合／说合 (shuōhé)
• 談判／谈判 (tánpàn)
• 談論／谈论 (tánlùn)
• 謀慮／谋虑 (móulǜ) (literary)
• 議／议 (yì)
• 議論／议论 (yìlùn)
• 錦議／锦议 (Hokkien)
• 闡論／阐论 (chǎnlùn) (literary)