約
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See also: 约
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
約 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 女火心戈 (VFPI) or 女火心一 (VFPM), four-corner 27920, composition ⿰糹勺)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 915, character 21
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27242
- Dae Jaweon: page 1343, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3364, character 15
- Unihan data for U+7D04
Chinese[edit]
trad. | 約 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 约 | |
alternative forms | 𪪊 |
Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 約 | ||
---|---|---|
Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
豹 | *preːwɢs |
趵 | *preːwɢs, *preːwɢ |
尥 | *breːw, *b·reːwɢs |
箹 | *ʔreːwɢs, *ʔreːwɢ |
杓 | *plew, *pʰlew, *bljewɢ, *pleːwɢ |
約 | *ʔlewɢs, *ʔlewɢ |
扚 | *pleːwʔ, *pleːwɢ |
釣 | *pleːwɢs |
瘹 | *teːwɢs |
芍 | *ɡleːwʔ, *spʰlewɢ, *pl'ewɢ, *bljewɢ, *pleːwɢ |
酌 | *pljewɢ |
灼 | *pljewɢ |
勺 | *pljewɢ, *bljewɢ |
彴 | *pljewɢ |
犳 | *pljewɢ |
妁 | *pljewɢ, *bljewɢ |
汋 | *bljewɢ, *sbreːwɢ |
仢 | *bljewɢ |
葯 | *qlewɢ, *qreːwɢ |
礿 | *lewɢ |
肑 | *preːwɢ, *pleːwɢ |
瓝 | *breːwɢ |
的 | *pleːwɢ |
靮 | *pleːwɢ |
馰 | *pleːwɢ |
玓 | *pleːwɢ |
魡 | *pleːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ʔlewɢs, *ʔlewɢ): semantic 糸 (“rope”) + phonetic 勺 (OC *pljewɢ, *bljewɢ).
Pronunciation 1[edit]
Definitions[edit]
約
- † to bundle up; to bind
- † rope; cord
- † to restrain; to limit; to keep under control
- to make an appointment; to arrange
- appointment; meeting; arrangement
- treaty; agreement; covenant; pact; contract
- to invite or ask in advance
- † to hinder; to block
- † to save; to economise
- † frugal; economical; thrifty
- † brief; concise; succinct
- † poor; humble; low-ranking
- (mathematics) to reduce (a fraction)
- † to prepare; to equip
- † to seek; to pursue
- † to estimate; to approximate; to reckon
- (colloquial) to weigh (on a balance or scale)
- about; approximately
- (Hong Kong, historical) district (of the City of Victoria)
- (Hong Kong, historical) pact, group of villages (clarification of this definition is needed)
Compounds[edit]
- 不平等條約/不平等条约 (bùpíngděng tiáoyuē)
- 不約而同/不约而同 (bùyuē'értóng)
- 不約而合/不约而合
- 丰姿綽約/丰姿绰约
- 丰神綽約/丰神绰约
- 主契約/主契约
- 九國公約/九国公约
- 人約黃昏/人约黄昏
- 伊犁條約/伊犁条约
- 依約/依约 (yīyuē)
- 借約/借约 (jièyuē)
- 儉約/俭约 (jiǎnyuē)
- 公約/公约 (gōngyuē)
- 公約數/公约数
- 制約/制约 (zhìyuē)
- 制約刺激/制约刺激
- 制約反應/制约反应
- 勞動契約/劳动契约
- 北京條約/北京条约
- 協約/协约 (xiéyuē)
- 協約國/协约国 (Xiéyuēguó)
- 南京條約/南京条约
- 博文約禮/博文约礼 (bówényuēlǐ)
- 厲行節約/厉行节约 (lìxíngjiéyuē)
- 友好條約/友好条约
- 合約/合约 (héyuē)
- 和平條約/和平条约 (hépíng tiáoyuē)
- 和約/和约 (héyuē)
- 商約/商约
- 售貨合約/售货合约
- 單務契約/单务契约
- 團體協約/团体协约
- 基礎條約/基础条约
- 大信不約/大信不约
- 大約/大约 (dàyuē)
- 太空條約/太空条约
- 失約/失约 (shīyuē)
- 契約/契约 (qìyuē)
- 契約書/契约书 (qìyuēshū)
- 契約說/契约说
- 契約農業/契约农业
- 如約/如约 (rúyuē)
- 婥約/婥约
- 婉約/婉约
- 婚約/婚约 (hūnyuē)
- 婉約派/婉约派
- 守約/守约 (shǒuyuē)
- 守約施博/守约施博
- 定約/定约 (dìngyuē)
- 密約/密约 (mìyuē)
- 對等條約/对等条约
- 履約/履约 (lǚyuē)
- 工作契約/工作契约
- 巴黎和約/巴黎和约
- 幽期密約/幽期密约
- 廣州和約/广州和约
- 廢約/废约
- 彴約/彴约
- 從約/从约
- 成約/成约 (chéngyuē)
- 承攬契約/承揽契约
- 括約肌/括约肌 (kuòyuējī)
- 換約/换约
- 文約/文约
- 新約全書/新约全书 (Xīnyuē Quánshū)
- 月約星期/月约星期
- 有償契約/有偿契约
- 有名契約/有名契约
- 有約在先/有约在先
- 期約/期约
- 桑中之約/桑中之约
- 條約/条约 (tiáoyuē)
- 死亡約會/死亡约会
- 死約會/死约会
- 毀約/毁约 (huǐyuē)
- 洛桑公約/洛桑公约
- 無償契約/无偿契约
- 燕約鶯期/燕约莺期
- 爽約/爽约 (shuǎngyuē)
- 特約/特约 (tèyuē)
- 特約商店/特约商店
- 特約演員/特约演员
- 璦琿條約/瑷珲条约
- 由博返約/由博返约
- 界約/界约
- 畔約/畔约
- 盟約/盟约 (méngyuē)
- 相約/相约 (xiāngyuē)
- 破約/破约 (pòyuē)
- 租約/租约 (zūyuē)
- 租賃契約/租赁契约
- 稿約/稿约
- 穿鼻草約/穿鼻草约
- 窨約/窨约
- 立約/立约 (lìyuē)
- 節約/节约 (jiéyuē)
- 節約能源/节约能源
- 管約/管约
- 簡約/简约 (jiǎnyuē)
- 簽約/签约 (qiānyuē)
- 約克夏/约克夏
- 約克夏豬/约克夏猪 (yuēkèxià zhū)
- 約分/约分 (yuēfēn)
- 約分數/约分数
- 約同/约同
- 約定/约定 (yuēdìng)
- 約定俗成/约定俗成 (yuēdìngsúchéng)
- 約從/约从
- 約指/约指 (yuēzhǐ)
- 約拿書/约拿书 (Yuēnáshū)
- 約據/约据
- 約數/约数 (yuēshù)
- 約旦/约旦 (Yuēdàn)
- 約旦河/约旦河 (Yuēdànhé)
- 約會/约会 (yuēhuì)
- 約期/约期 (yuēqī)
- 約束/约束 (yuēshù)
- 約法/约法 (yuēfǎ)
- 約法三章/约法三章 (yuēfǎsānzhāng)
- 約瑟夫/约瑟夫 (Yuēsèfū)
- 約略/约略 (yuēlüè)
- 約約/约约
- 約翰/约翰 (Yuēhàn)
- 約翰牛/约翰牛
- 約翰福音/约翰福音 (Yuēhàn Fúyīn)
- 約翰遜/约翰逊 (Yuēhànxùn)
- 約莫/约莫 (yuēmo)
- 約見/约见 (yuējiàn)
- 約言/约言
- 約計/约计
- 約談/约谈 (yuētán)
- 約請/约请 (yuēqǐng)
- 約迭/约迭
- 約集/约集
- 約章/约章 (yuēzhāng)
- 紐約/纽约 (Niǔyuē)
- 紐約州/纽约州
- 紐約影展/纽约影展
- 結約/结约
- 綽約/绰约 (chuòyuē)
- 綽約多姿/绰约多姿
- 締約/缔约 (dìyuē)
- 締約國/缔约国
- 續約/续约 (xùyuē)
- 罰約/罚约
- 背約/背约 (bèiyuē)
- 舊約/旧约 (jiùyuē)
- 舊約全書/旧约全书 (Jiùyuē Quánshū)
- 花約/花约
- 草約/草约 (cǎoyuē)
- 華沙公約/华沙公约
- 萎約/萎约 (wěiyuē)
- 虎門條約/虎门条约
- 處約/处约
- 補約/补约
- 要約/要约
- 要約人/要约人
- 規約/规约 (guīyuē)
- 解約/解约 (jiěyuē)
- 訂約/订约 (dìngyuē)
- 誓約/誓约 (shìyuē)
- 變約/变约
- 負約/负约 (fùyuē)
- 赴約/赴约 (fùyuē)
- 踐約/践约 (jiànyuē)
- 辛丑和約/辛丑和约
- 通商條約/通商条约
- 違信背約/违信背约
- 違約/违约 (wéiyuē)
- 違約交割/违约交割
- 違約金/违约金 (wéiyuējīn)
- 邀約/邀约 (yāoyuē)
- 鄉約/乡约
- 隨意契約/随意契约
- 隱約/隐约 (yǐnyuē)
- 雙務契約/双务契约
- 雞黍之約/鸡黍之约
- 雨約雲期/雨约云期
- 非戰公約/非战公约
- 預約/预约 (yùyuē)
- 風姿綽約/风姿绰约
- 馬關條約/马关条约 (Mǎguān Tiáoyuē)
- 黃埔條約/黄埔条约
Descendants[edit]
Pronunciation 2[edit]
Definitions[edit]
約
- † Alternative form of 要 (yào, “gist; essentials”)
Pronunciation 3[edit]
Definitions[edit]
約
- † cord for the string of a stringed instrument
References[edit]
- “約”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
約
- contract, promise
- to contract, to shorten
- approximately, roughly
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: やく (yaku, Jōyō); よう (yō)←えう (eu, historical)
- Kan-on: やく (yaku, Jōyō); よう (yō)←えう (eu, historical)
- Kun: つづまやか (tsuzumayaka, 約やか); つづめる (tsuzumeru, 約める)
Compounds[edit]
- 一約 (ichiyaku)
- 契約 (keiyaku): contract, agreement
- 条約 (jōyaku): treaty
- 予約 (yoyaku): reservation, appointment
- 約束 (yakusoku): promise
Kanji in this term |
---|
約 |
やく Grade: 4 |
on’yomi |
Pronunciation[edit]
Adverb[edit]
- about, approximately
- 約一ヶ月
- yaku iggagetsu
- approximately one month
- 宇宙の直径は約 930億光年だ。
- Uchū no chokkei wa yaku kyūhyakusanjū-oku kōnen da.
- The diameter of the universe is some 93 billion light years.
- 約一ヶ月
References[edit]
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ja̠k̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [약]
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Chữ Hán[edit]
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- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading えう
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