邇

See also: 迩

邇 U+9087, 邇 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9087 ← 邆 [U+9086] CJK Unified Ideographs 邈 → [U+9088]

Translingual

Japanese	迩
Simplified	迩
Traditional	邇

Han character

邇 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 卜一火月 (YMFB), four-corner 3130₂, composition ⿺辶爾)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1267, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39193
• Dae Jaweon: page 1765, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3891, character 11
• Unihan data for U+9087

Chinese

trad.		邇
simp.		迩

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (爾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
嬭	*rneːlʔ, *niːlʔ
禰	*niːlʔ
镾	*niːlʔ, *mnel
薾	*niːlʔ
檷	*niːlʔ
鑈	*niːlʔ, *neːb
瀰	*niːlʔ, *mnel, *mnelʔ
獼	*mnel
瓕	*mnel
彌	*mnel
鸍	*mnel, *hnjel
擟	*mnel
濔	*mnelʔ
壐	*smlelʔ
璽	*smlelʔ
爾	*njelʔ
邇	*njelʔ
獮	*smlenʔ
籋	*neb, *neːb

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-naːj ~ s-nej (“near”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan ཉེ་བ (nye ba, “near”), Mizo hnai (“near”), Jingpho ni (ni³¹, “near”), Burmese နီး (ni:, “bear near; be close”), 暱 (OC *niɡ, “intimate; close”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ěr (er³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄦˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ní / jíⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): re² / ru² / ni²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ěr
    • Zhuyin: ㄦˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ěr
    • Wade–Giles: êrh³
    • Yale: ěr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eel
    • Palladius: эр (er)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤɻ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ji⁵
    • Yale: yíh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: yi⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ní
    • Tâi-lô: ní
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nie
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nĩ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /nĩ⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jíⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: jínn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jvie
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zĩ⁵³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: re² / ru² / ni²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jṳ́ / jú / ní
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡zɯ⁵²/, /d͡zu⁵²/, /ni⁵²/

Note: ru2 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai.

---

• Middle Chinese: nyeX

Rime
Character	邇
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	兒氏切
Baxter	nyeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiᴇX/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiɛX/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjɛX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵiə̆X/
Li Rong	/ȵieX/
Wang Li	/ȵʑǐeX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑie̯X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ěr
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ji5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*n[ə][r]ʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*njelʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	邇
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ěr
Middle Chinese	‹ nyeX ›
Old Chinese	/*n[ə][r]ʔ/
English	near
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	邇
Reading #	1/1
No.	2818
Phonetic component	爾
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	爾
Old Chinese	/*njelʔ/

Definitions

邇

1. (literary) near; close
2. (literary) to approach; to come close to

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 近 (“near; close”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		近, 邇
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		近
Mandarin	Beijing	近
	Taiwan	近
	Jinan	近
	Xi'an	近
	Wuhan	近
	Chengdu	近
	Yangzhou	近
	Hefei	近
	Singapore	近
Cantonese	Guangzhou	近
	Hong Kong	近
	Yangjiang	近
	Singapore (Guangfu)	近
Gan	Nanchang	近
Hakka	Meixian	近
Jin	Taiyuan	近
Northern Min	Jian'ou	近
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	近
Southern Min	Xiamen	近
	Singapore (Hokkien)	近
	Chaozhou	近
	Singapore (Teochew)	近
Wu	Suzhou	近
	Wenzhou	近
Xiang	Changsha	近
	Shuangfeng	近

Compounds

• 不可向邇／不可向迩 (bùkěxiàng'ěr)
• 名傳遐邇／名传遐迩
• 名聞遐邇／名闻遐迩
• 室邇人遐／室迩人遐
• 室邇人遠／室迩人远
• 密邇／密迩
• 柔遠能邇／柔远能迩
• 聞名遐邇／闻名遐迩 (wénmíngxiá'ěr)
• 行遠自邇／行远自迩
• 遐邇／遐迩 (xiá'ěr)
• 遐邇一體／遐迩一体
• 遐邇聞名／遐迩闻名 (xiá'ěrwénmíng)
• 遐邇著聞／遐迩著闻
• 邇來／迩来 (ěrlái)
• 邇言／迩言

 

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	迩
Kyūjitai	邇

Kanji

邇

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 迩)

1. approach
2. near, close

Readings

• Go-on: に (ni)
• Kan-on: じ (ji)
• Kun: ちかい (chikai, 邇い)
• Nanori: ちか (chika)

Compounds

Compounds

• 邇芸(にぎ)速(はや)日(ひの)命(みこと) (Nigihayahi no mikoto)
• 邇邇(にに)芸(ぎの)命(みこと) (Ninigi no mikoto)
• 邇言(じげん) (jigen)
• 伊邇(いに)色神社(しきじんじゃ) (Inishiki Jinja)
• 遠邇(えんじ) (enji)
• 波邇夜須毘(はにやすび)古(この)神(かみ) (Haniyasubiko no kami)
• 和邇(わに) (Wani)
• 遠(とお)きに行(ゆ)くは必(かなら)ず邇(ちか)きよりす (tōki ni yuku wa kanarazu chikaki yori su)

Korean

Hanja

邇 • (i) (hangeul 이, McCune–Reischauer i, Yale i)

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