견디다
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Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
First attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 견ᄃᆡ〮다〮 (Yale: kyèntóy-tá).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kjʌ̹ndida̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [견디다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gyeondida |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gyeondida |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kyŏndida |
| Yale Romanization? | kyentita |
Verb[edit]
견디다 • (gyeondida) (infinitive 견뎌 or 견디어, sequential 견디니)
- (transitive or intransitive) to endure
- Synonym: 참다 (chamda)
Conjugation[edit]
Selected forms of the verb 견디다 (gyeondida): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 견딘다 gyeondinda |
견뎌 gyeondyeo |
견뎌요, 견디어요 gyeondyeoyo, gyeondieoyo |
견딥니다 gyeondimnida |
| Past | 견뎠다 gyeondyeotda |
견뎠어 gyeondyeosseo |
견뎠어요 gyeondyeosseoyo |
견뎠습니다 gyeondyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 견디느냐 gyeondineunya |
견뎌 gyeondyeo |
견뎌요, 견디어요 gyeondyeoyo, gyeondieoyo |
견딥니까 gyeondimnikka |
| Past | 견뎠느냐 gyeondyeonneunya |
견뎠어 gyeondyeosseo |
견뎠어요 gyeondyeosseoyo |
견뎠습니까 gyeondyeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 견디자 gyeondija |
견뎌 gyeondyeo |
견뎌요, 견디어요 gyeondyeoyo, gyeondieoyo |
견디십시다 gyeondisipsida | |
| Imperative | 견뎌라, 견디어라 gyeondyeora, gyeondieora |
견뎌 gyeondyeo |
견뎌요, 견디어요 gyeondyeoyo, gyeondieoyo |
견딥시오 gyeondipsio | |
| Assertive | 견디겠다 gyeondigetda |
견디겠어 gyeondigesseo |
견디겠어요 gyeondigesseoyo |
견디겠습니다 gyeondigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 견뎌 gyeondyeo |
견뎌서, 견디어서 gyeondyeoseo, gyeondieoseo |
견디니 gyeondini |
견디니까 gyeondinikka | |
| Contrast | 견디지만 gyeondijiman |
견디는데 gyeondineunde |
견디더니 gyeondideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 견디고 gyeondigo |
||||
| Condition | 견디면 gyeondimyeon |
견뎌야, 견디어야 gyeondyeoya, gyeondieoya |
|||
| Motive | 견디려고 gyeondiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 견딤 gyeondim |
견디기 gyeondigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 견뎠음, 견디었음 gyeondyeosseum, gyeondieosseum |
견뎠기, 견디었기 gyeondyeotgi, gyeondieotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 견딘 gyeondin | |||
| Present | 견디는 gyeondineun | ||||
| Future | 견딜 gyeondil | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 견디신다 gyeondisinda |
견디셔 gyeondisyeo |
견디세요, 견디셔요 gyeondiseyo, gyeondisyeoyo |
견디십니다 gyeondisimnida |
| Past | 견디셨다 gyeondisyeotda |
견디셨어 gyeondisyeosseo |
견디셨어요 gyeondisyeosseoyo |
견디셨습니다 gyeondisyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 견디시느냐 gyeondisineunya |
견디셔 gyeondisyeo |
견디세요, 견디셔요 gyeondiseyo, gyeondisyeoyo |
견디십니까 gyeondisimnikka |
| Past | 견디셨느냐 gyeondisyeonneunya |
견디셨어 gyeondisyeosseo |
견디셨어요 gyeondisyeosseoyo |
견디셨습니까 gyeondisyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 견디시라 gyeondisira |
견디셔 gyeondisyeo |
견디세요 gyeondiseyo |
견디십시오 gyeondisipsio | |
| Assertive | 견디시겠다 gyeondisigetda |
견디시겠어 gyeondisigesseo |
견디시겠어요 gyeondisigesseoyo |
견디시겠습니다 gyeondisigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 견디셔 gyeondisyeo |
견디셔서 gyeondisyeoseo |
견디시니 gyeondisini |
견디시니까 gyeondisinikka | |
| Contrast | 견디시지만 gyeondisijiman |
견디시는데 gyeondisineunde |
견디시더니 gyeondisideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 견디시고 gyeondisigo |
||||
| Condition | 견디시면 gyeondisimyeon |
견디셔야 gyeondisyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 견디시려고 gyeondisiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 견디심 gyeondisim |
견디시기 gyeondisigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 견디셨음 gyeondisyeosseum |
견디셨기 gyeondisyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 견디신 gyeondisin | |||
| Present | 견디시는 gyeondisineun | ||||
| Future | 견디실 gyeondisil | ||||