고맙다

Jeju

Etymology

Cognate with Korean 고맙다 (gomapda). From 고마 (goma, “respect, admiration”) +‎ ㅂ (-b, an adjectival suffix)

Pronunciation

• (Morphophonemic) IPA^(key): ⫽komapta⫽
• (Jeju City) IPA^(key): [koma̠p̚t͈a̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [고맙따]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	gomapda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	gomabda
Yale Romanization?	kwomap.ta

Adjective

고맙다 (gomapda)

1. to be thankful; to be grateful

   고맙수다

   gomapsuda

   thank you.

References

“고맙다” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Beonyeok sohak (飜譯小學 / 번역소학), 1517, as Middle Korean 고맙다 (Yale: kwomaWta), attested only in conjugated forms.

The word is almost certainly a contraction of *고마ᄒᆞᆸ다 (*kwomahopta), the regularly derived —브 (-beu) adjective from the verb 고〯마〮ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: kwŏmáhòtá, “to respect; to admire”). In Middle Korean, 고맙다 had the meaning of "to be worth respecting; to be worth admiring", as would be expected from regular -beu adjectives. The source verb was displaced by Sino-Korean loans in the Early Modern period, when the derived adjective's semantic shift to "to be thankful" also occurred.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈko̞(ː)ma̠p̚t͈a̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [고(ː)맙따]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	gomapda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	gomabda
McCune–Reischauer?	komapta
Yale Romanization?	kōmapta

Adjective

고맙다 • (gomapda) (irregular, infinitive 고마워, sequential 고마우니)

1. (to be) thankful

   This adjective is often translated as a form of “to thank”.

   고맙습니다

   gomapseumnida

   thank you

   서둘러 주시면 고맙겠소이다.

   seodulleo jusimyeon gomapgetsoida.

   I'd appreciate it if you'd hurry up about it.

   Synonym: 감사하다 (gamsahada, more formal)

Conjugation

고맙다 (gomapda) is in the class of irregularly-inflected words whose stems end in ㅂ (b). In such words with two syllables or more, vowel harmony in inflections was once followed in both standardized forms of Korean. With the 1988 한글 맞춤법 (han'geul matchumbeop, “Hangeul Orthography”), the South Korean standard now ignores the vowel harmony, while it is kept in the North.

North Korean and South Korean before 1988:

    Selected forms of the adjective 고맙다 (gomapda)

Sentence-final forms
	Formal non polite (해라체)	Informal non polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
indicative	고맙다 (gomapda) past: 고마왔다 (gomawatda)	고마와 (gomawa) past: 고마왔어 (gomawasseo)	고마와요 (gomawayo) past: 고마왔어요 (gomawasseoyo)	고맙습니다 (gomapseumnida) past: 고마왔습니다 (gomawatseumnida)
interrogative	고마우냐 (gomaunya) past: 고마왔냐 (gomawannya)	고마와 (gomawa) past: 고마왔어 (gomawasseo)	고마와요 (gomawayo) past: 고마왔어요 (gomawasseoyo)	고맙습니까 (gomapseumnikka) past: 고마왔습니까 (gomawatseumnikka)
assertive	고맙겠다 (gomapgetda)	고맙겠어 (gomapgesseo)	고맙겠어요 (gomapgesseoyo)	고맙겠습니다 (gomapgesseumnida)
Connective forms
cause or reason	고마와 (gomawa)	고마와서 (gomawaseo)	고마우니 (gomauni)	고마우니까 (gomaunikka)
contrast	고맙지만 (gomapjiman)	고마운데 (gomaunde)	고맙더니 (gomapdeoni)	conjunction 고맙고 (gomapgo)
condition	고마우면 (gomaumyeon)	고마와야 (gomawaya)
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		고마움 (gomaum)	고맙기 (gomapgi)
Past-tense verbal nouns		고마왔음 (gomawasseum)	고마왔기 (gomawatgi)
Determiners			present 고마운 (gomaun)	future 고마울 (gomaul)

Sentence-final forms with honorific
	Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
indicative	고마우시다 (gomausida) past: 고마우셨다 (gomausyeotda)	고마우셔 (gomausyeo) past: 고마우셨어 (gomausyeosseo)	고마우세요 (gomauseyo) or 고마우셔요 (gomausyeoyo) past: 고마우셨어요 (gomausyeosseoyo)	고마우십니다 (gomausimnida) past: 고마우셨습니다 (gomausyeotseumnida)
interrogative	고마우시냐 (gomausinya) past: 고마우셨냐 (gomausyeonnya)	고마우셔 (gomausyeo) past: 고마우셨어 (gomausyeosseo)	고마우세요 (gomauseyo) or 고마우셔요 (gomausyeoyo) past: 고마우셨어요 (gomausyeosseoyo)	고마우십니까 (gomausimnikka) past: 고마우셨습니까 (gomausyeotseumnikka)
assertive	고마우시겠다 (gomausigetda)	고마우시겠어 (gomausigesseo)	고마우시겠어요 (gomausigesseoyo)	고마우시겠습니다 (gomausigetseumnida)
Connective forms with honorific
cause or reason	고마우셔 (gomausyeo)	고마우셔서 (gomausyeoseo)	고마우시니 (gomausini)	고마우시니까 (gomausinikka)
contrast	고마우시지만 (gomausijiman)	고마우신데 (gomausinde)	고마우시더니 (gomausideoni)	conjunction 고마우시고 (gomausigo)
condition	고마우시면 (gomausimyeon)	고마우셔야 (gomausyeoya)
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		고마우심 (gomausim)	고마우시기 (gomausigi)
Past-tense verbal nouns		고마우셨음 (gomausyeosseum)	고마우셨기 (gomausyeotgi)
Determiners			present 고마우신 (gomausin)	future 고마우실 (gomausil)

South Korean since 1988:

    Selected forms of the adjective 고맙다 (gomapda): consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	고맙다 gomapda	고마워 gomawo	고마워요 gomawoyo	고맙습니다 gomapseumnida
	Past	고마웠다 gomawotda	고마웠어 gomawosseo	고마웠어요 gomawosseoyo	고마웠습니다 gomawotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	고마우냐 gomaunya	고마워 gomawo	고마워요 gomawoyo	고맙습니까 gomapseumnikka
	Past	고마웠냐 gomawonnya	고마웠어 gomawosseo	고마웠어요 gomawosseoyo	고마웠습니까 gomawotseumnikka
Assertive		고맙겠다 gomapgetda	고맙겠어 gomapgesseo	고맙겠어요 gomapgesseoyo	고맙겠습니다 gomapgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		고마워 gomawo	고마워서 gomawoseo	고마우니 gomauni	고마우니까 gomaunikka
Contrast		고맙지만 gomapjiman	고마운데 gomaunde	고맙더니 gomapdeoni
Conjunction		고맙고 gomapgo
Condition		고마우면 gomaumyeon	고마워야 gomawoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		고마움 gomaum	고맙기 gomapgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		고마웠음 gomawosseum	고마웠기 gomawotgi
Determiners	Present		고마운 gomaun
	Future		고마울 gomaul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	고마우시다 gomausida	고마우셔 gomausyeo	고마우세요, 고마우셔요 gomauseyo, gomausyeoyo	고마우십니다 gomausimnida
	Past	고마우셨다 gomausyeotda	고마우셨어 gomausyeosseo	고마우셨어요 gomausyeosseoyo	고마우셨습니다 gomausyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	고마우시냐 gomausinya	고마우셔 gomausyeo	고마우세요, 고마우셔요 gomauseyo, gomausyeoyo	고마우십니까 gomausimnikka
	Past	고마우셨냐 gomausyeonnya	고마우셨어 gomausyeosseo	고마우셨어요 gomausyeosseoyo	고마우셨습니까 gomausyeotseumnikka
Assertive		고마우시겠다 gomausigetda	고마우시겠어 gomausigesseo	고마우시겠어요 gomausigesseoyo	고마우시겠습니다 gomausigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		고마우셔 gomausyeo	고마우셔서 gomausyeoseo	고마우시니 gomausini	고마우시니까 gomausinikka
Contrast		고마우시지만 gomausijiman	고마우신데 gomausinde	고마우시더니 gomausideoni
Conjunction		고마우시고 gomausigo
Condition		고마우시면 gomausimyeon	고마우셔야 gomausyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		고마우심 gomausim	고마우시기 gomausigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		고마우셨음 gomausyeosseum	고마우셨기 gomausyeotgi
Determiners	Present		고마우신 gomausin
	Future		고마우실 gomausil

References

• National Institute of the Korean Language (Naver.com mirror) (2007 May 27 (last accessed)) “고맙다 [gomapda]”, in 표준국어대사전 [pyojun'gugeodaesajeon]‎^[1]