줄어들다
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Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
First attested in the Sinjeung yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576, as Middle Korean 주러들다 (Yale: cwuletulta). From 줄어 (jureo, “jureo”), infinitive form of 줄다 (julda, “reduce”), and 들다 (deulda, “to advance”).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕuɾʌ̹dɯɭda̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [주러들다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | jureodeulda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | jul'eodeulda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | churŏdŭlda |
| Yale Romanization? | cwul.etulta |
Verb[edit]
줄어들다 • (jureodeulda) (infinitive 줄어들어, sequential 줄어드니)
Conjugation[edit]
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 줄어든다 jureodeunda |
줄어들어 jureodeureo |
줄어들어요 jureodeureoyo |
줄어듭니다 jureodeumnida |
| Past | 줄어들었다 jureodeureotda |
줄어들었어 jureodeureosseo |
줄어들었어요 jureodeureosseoyo |
줄어들었습니다 jureodeureotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 줄어드느냐 jureodeuneunya |
줄어들어 jureodeureo |
줄어들어요 jureodeureoyo |
줄어듭니까 jureodeumnikka |
| Past | 줄어들었느냐 jureodeureonneunya |
줄어들었어 jureodeureosseo |
줄어들었어요 jureodeureosseoyo |
줄어들었습니까 jureodeureotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 줄어들자 jureodeulja |
줄어들어 jureodeureo |
줄어들어요 jureodeureoyo |
줄어드십시다 jureodeusipsida | |
| Imperative | 줄어들어라 jureodeureora |
줄어들어 jureodeureo |
줄어들어요 jureodeureoyo |
줄어듭시오 jureodeupsio | |
| Assertive | 줄어들겠다 jureodeulgetda |
줄어들겠어 jureodeulgesseo |
줄어들겠어요 jureodeulgesseoyo |
줄어들겠습니다 jureodeulgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 줄어들어 jureodeureo |
줄어들어서 jureodeureoseo |
줄어드니 jureodeuni |
줄어드니까 jureodeunikka | |
| Contrast | 줄어들지만 jureodeuljiman |
줄어드는데 jureodeuneunde |
줄어들더니 jureodeuldeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 줄어들고 jureodeulgo |
||||
| Condition | 줄어들면 jureodeulmyeon |
줄어들어야 jureodeureoya |
|||
| Motive | 줄어들려고 jureodeullyeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 줄어듦 jureodeum |
줄어들기 jureodeulgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 줄어들었음 jureodeureosseum |
줄어들었기 jureodeureotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 줄어든 jureodeun | |||
| Present | 줄어드는 jureodeuneun | ||||
| Future | 줄어들 jureodeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 줄어드신다 jureodeusinda |
줄어드셔 jureodeusyeo |
줄어드세요, 줄어드셔요 jureodeuseyo, jureodeusyeoyo |
줄어드십니다 jureodeusimnida |
| Past | 줄어드셨다 jureodeusyeotda |
줄어드셨어 jureodeusyeosseo |
줄어드셨어요 jureodeusyeosseoyo |
줄어드셨습니다 jureodeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 줄어드시느냐 jureodeusineunya |
줄어드셔 jureodeusyeo |
줄어드세요, 줄어드셔요 jureodeuseyo, jureodeusyeoyo |
줄어드십니까 jureodeusimnikka |
| Past | 줄어드셨느냐 jureodeusyeonneunya |
줄어드셨어 jureodeusyeosseo |
줄어드셨어요 jureodeusyeosseoyo |
줄어드셨습니까 jureodeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 줄어드시라 jureodeusira |
줄어드셔 jureodeusyeo |
줄어드세요 jureodeuseyo |
줄어드십시오 jureodeusipsio | |
| Assertive | 줄어드시겠다 jureodeusigetda |
줄어드시겠어 jureodeusigesseo |
줄어드시겠어요 jureodeusigesseoyo |
줄어드시겠습니다 jureodeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 줄어드셔 jureodeusyeo |
줄어드셔서 jureodeusyeoseo |
줄어드시니 jureodeusini |
줄어드시니까 jureodeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 줄어드시지만 jureodeusijiman |
줄어드시는데 jureodeusineunde |
줄어드시더니 jureodeusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 줄어드시고 jureodeusigo |
||||
| Condition | 줄어드시면 jureodeusimyeon |
줄어드셔야 jureodeusyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 줄어드시려고 jureodeusiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 줄어드심 jureodeusim |
줄어드시기 jureodeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 줄어드셨음 jureodeusyeosseum |
줄어드셨기 jureodeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 줄어드신 jureodeusin | |||
| Present | 줄어드시는 jureodeusineun | ||||
| Future | 줄어드실 jureodeusil | ||||