흐르다
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Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 흐르다〮 (Yale: hùlù-tá).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [xɯɾɯda̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [흐르다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | heureuda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | heuleuda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | hŭrŭda |
| Yale Romanization? | huluta |
Verb[edit]
| Base | 흐르다 (heureuda) |
|---|---|
| Causative | 흘리다 (heullida) |
흐르다 • (heureuda) (infinitive 흘러, sequential 흐르니)
- (intransitive, transitive) to flow
- (intransitive, of time) to flow; to pass by
Conjugation[edit]
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 흐른다 heureunda |
흘러 heulleo |
흘러요 heulleoyo |
흐릅니다 heureumnida |
| Past | 흘렀다 heulleotda |
흘렀어 heulleosseo |
흘렀어요 heulleosseoyo |
흘렀습니다 heulleotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 흐르느냐 heureuneunya |
흘러 heulleo |
흘러요 heulleoyo |
흐릅니까 heureumnikka |
| Past | 흘렀느냐 heulleonneunya |
흘렀어 heulleosseo |
흘렀어요 heulleosseoyo |
흘렀습니까 heulleotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 흐르자 heureuja |
흘러 heulleo |
흘러요 heulleoyo |
흐르십시다 heureusipsida | |
| Imperative | 흘러라 heulleora |
흘러 heulleo |
흘러요 heulleoyo |
흐릅시오 heureupsio | |
| Assertive | 흐르겠다 heureugetda |
흐르겠어 heureugesseo |
흐르겠어요 heureugesseoyo |
흐르겠습니다 heureugetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 흘러 heulleo |
흘러서 heulleoseo |
흐르니 heureuni |
흐르니까 heureunikka | |
| Contrast | 흐르지만 heureujiman |
흐르는데 heureuneunde |
흐르더니 heureudeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 흐르고 heureugo |
||||
| Condition | 흐르면 heureumyeon |
흘러야 heulleoya |
|||
| Motive | 흐르려고 heureuryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 흐름 heureum |
흐르기 heureugi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 흘렀음 heulleosseum |
흘렀기 heulleotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 흐른 heureun | |||
| Present | 흐르는 heureuneun | ||||
| Future | 흐를 heureul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 흐르신다 heureusinda |
흐르셔 heureusyeo |
흐르세요, 흐르셔요 heureuseyo, heureusyeoyo |
흐르십니다 heureusimnida |
| Past | 흐르셨다 heureusyeotda |
흐르셨어 heureusyeosseo |
흐르셨어요 heureusyeosseoyo |
흐르셨습니다 heureusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 흐르시느냐 heureusineunya |
흐르셔 heureusyeo |
흐르세요, 흐르셔요 heureuseyo, heureusyeoyo |
흐르십니까 heureusimnikka |
| Past | 흐르셨느냐 heureusyeonneunya |
흐르셨어 heureusyeosseo |
흐르셨어요 heureusyeosseoyo |
흐르셨습니까 heureusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 흐르시라 heureusira |
흐르셔 heureusyeo |
흐르세요 heureuseyo |
흐르십시오 heureusipsio | |
| Assertive | 흐르시겠다 heureusigetda |
흐르시겠어 heureusigesseo |
흐르시겠어요 heureusigesseoyo |
흐르시겠습니다 heureusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 흐르셔 heureusyeo |
흐르셔서 heureusyeoseo |
흐르시니 heureusini |
흐르시니까 heureusinikka | |
| Contrast | 흐르시지만 heureusijiman |
흐르시는데 heureusineunde |
흐르시더니 heureusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 흐르시고 heureusigo |
||||
| Condition | 흐르시면 heureusimyeon |
흐르셔야 heureusyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 흐르시려고 heureusiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 흐르심 heureusim |
흐르시기 heureusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 흐르셨음 heureusyeosseum |
흐르셨기 heureusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 흐르신 heureusin | |||
| Present | 흐르시는 heureusineun | ||||
| Future | 흐르실 heureusil | ||||