𐎹𐎒𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎣𐎲𐎼𐎠

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Old Persian

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An early 5th century BC relief of a Macedonian soldier. This relief is from tomb of Xerxes I at Naqsh-e Rostam.

Etymology

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From 𐎹𐎒𐎴𐎠 (y-u-n-a /⁠Yaunā⁠/, β€œGreek, Ionian”) +‎ 𐎫𐎣𐎲𐎼 (t-k-b-r /⁠takabara⁠/). Literally means "Greeks with hats that look like shields",[1] probably a reference to the kausia hat typically worn by the ancient Macedonians.

Compare:

Proper noun

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𐎹𐎒𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎣𐎲𐎼𐎠 (Yaunā takabarā)

  1. Ancient Macedonian (person)
    • DNa 27-30
      𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎲𐎠𐎹 𐏐 𐎸𐎒𐎭𐎼𐎠𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎑𐎴
      𐏐 𐎣𐎫𐎱𐎬𐎒𐎣 𐏐 𐎿𐎱𐎼𐎭 𐏐 𐎹𐎒𐎴 𐏐 𐎿𐎣𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎑𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎭𐎼𐎹
      𐏐 𐎿𐎀𐎒𐎭𐎼 𐏐 𐎹𐎒𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎣𐎲𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎒𐎫𐎠𐎹𐎠
      𐏐 𐎀𐎒𐏁𐎑𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎢𐎨𐎑𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎣𐎠 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎑𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎒𐏁
      : a-r-b-a-y : mu-u-d-r-a-y : a-r-mi-i-n
      : k-t-p-tu-u-k : s-p-r-d : y-u-n : s-k-a : t-y-i-y : p-r-d-r-y
      : s-ku-u-d-r : y-u-n-a : t-k-b-r-a : p-u-t-a-y-a
      : ku-u-Ε‘-i-y-a : m-c-i-y-a : k-r-k-a : ΞΈ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-Ε‘
      /: Arabāya : Mudrāya : Armina
      : Katpatuka : Sparda : Yauna : Sakā : tayaiy : paradraya
       : Skudra : Yaunā : takabarā : Putāyā
       : KΕ«Ε‘iyā : Maciyā : Karkā : θātiy : DārayavauΕ‘
      /

      [...] Arabia, Egypt, Armenia,
      Cappadocia, Lydia, Greece, the Scythians who are across the Sea,
      Thrace, the Greeks who wear shield-like hats, Libya,
      Nubia, Maka, Caria. Saith Darius [...]

References

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  • Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (2010). A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. John Wiley and Sons. β†’ISBN, page 87