𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁

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Old Persian[edit]

The name Hindūš (𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁) in Old Persian cuneiform in the DNa inscription of Darius I, circa 500 BCE.

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Iranian *hínduš, from an Old Iranian representation of Old Indo-Aryan सिन्धु (sindhu-, “big river, Indus”);^[1] see there for further theorized descent.

Proper noun[edit]

𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (h-i-du-u-š /Hiⁿduš/).^[2]^[3]^[4]

India (the Indus valley region under Achaemenid rule)

Derived terms[edit]

𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐎹 (Hiⁿduya)^[5]
𐏃𐎡𐎭𐎢𐎺 (Hiⁿdauv)^[6] (locative)

Descendants[edit]

Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hndwkʾn' /⁠hindūgān⁠/, “Hindustan”), [Book Pahlavi needed] (hndwkstʾn' /⁠hindūgestān⁠/, “Hindustan”)
- Classical Persian: هند (Hind), هندوستان (Hindūstān)
  - Persian: هند (hend), هندوستان (hendustân)
  - → Bashkir: һинд (hind)
  - → Bengali: হিন্দু (hindu), হিন্দুস্তান (hindustan)
  - → Hindustani:
    Hindi: हिंद (hind), हिंदुस्तान (hindustān), हिंदी (hindī), हिंदू (hindū)
    Fiji Hindi: Hindustan
    
    Urdu: ہند (hind), ہندوستان (hindustān), ہندی (hindī), ہندو (hindū)
    - → English: Hindustan
  - → Marathi: हिन्दुस्तान (hindustān)
  - → Nepali: हिन्दुस्तान् (hindustān)
  - → Odia: ହିନ୍ଦ୍ (hind), ହିନ୍ଦୁସ୍ତାନ (hindustanô)
  - → Punjabi: ਹਿੰਦ (hind), ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨ (hindustān)
- → Chinese: 天竺 (Tiānzhú)
  - → Japanese: 天竺 (てんじく, Tenjiku)
  - → Okinawan: 天竺 (てぃんじく, Tinjiku)
  - → Korean: 천축 (Cheonchuk)
  - → Vietnamese: Thiên Trúc
- → Chinese: 印度 (Yìndù)
  - → Japanese: インド (Indo), 印度 (インド, Indo) (rare)
  - → Korean: 인도 (Indo)
  - → Vietnamese: Ấn Độ
- → Chinese: 身毒
  - → Japanese: 身毒 (しんどく, Shindoku)
→ Akkadian:
Late Babylonian: 𒅔𒁺𒌑 (in-du-ú /⁠Indū⁠/)^[1]
→ Ancient Greek: Ἰνδός (Indós), Ἰνδία (Indía)
- Greek: Ινδός (Indós)
- → English: India
  - → Fiji Hindi: India
  - → Tamil: இந்தியா (intiyā)
  - → Telugu: ఇండియా (iṇḍiyā)
- → Latin: Indus
  - Catalan: Índia
  - → Latvian: Indija
  - → Lithuanian: Indija
  - Spanish: India
  - Portuguese: Índia
  - → English: Indus
→ Egyptian:
Late Egyptian:

(hndwꜣy)^[7]^[8]^[9]
→ Elamite:
Achaemenid Elamite: 𒄭𒅔𒁺 (hi-in-du /⁠Hindu⁠/), 𒄭𒅔𒁺𒆜 (hi-in-du-iš /⁠Hinduiš⁠/), 𒄭𒁺𒆜 (hi-du-iš /⁠Hiduiš⁠/)^[1]
→ Hebrew: הודו (Hṓddū), הֹדּוּ (Hṓddū)

References[edit]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Tavernier, Jan (2007) Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 26
^ Old Persian: Dictionary, Glossary and Concordance by Avi Bachenheimer
^ Dna inscription of Darius I, Line 25
^ Jason Neelis, Early Buddhist Transmission and Trade Networks, BRILL 2010 p.96
^ Titus
^ Titus
^ Posener, Georges (1936) La première domination perse en Égypte: Recueil d’inscriptions hiéroglyphiques, page 187
^ Jona Lendering, Susa, Statue of Darius, Subject L12, hndw3y (OP. Hinduš = India), Livius.org
^ Yar-Shater, Ehsan (1982) Encyclopaedia Iranica‎^[1], Routledge & Kegan Paul, →ISBN, page 10

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