Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/köprüg

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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

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Etymology

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Originally, it was considered to be a borrowing from Ancient Greek γέφυρα (géphura, bridge), however it has since been refuted due to phonological reasons such as there not being any explanation for the word final *-g.

The current leading theory is the derivation *köpür- (to swell, foam) +‎ *-üg, this is semantically not obvious however both Doerfer and Nişanyan suggests that it may have originally referred to pontoons made of swollen leather comparing the semantics of Proto-Mongolic *köxerge (bridge, bellows, swollen leather) (itself possibly from *köxe- or *köxere- (to swell, foam) if not directly borrowed from Turkic).

It should also be noted that the Kipchak variant *köpVr is a later secondary development, probably via metathesis, as older Kipchak texts lack such a form. The form *köprig also seen reflected in some descendants may reflect the first form of the word as *köpür- (to swell, foam) is suggested to be from earlier *köpir-.[1]

Noun

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*köprüg

  1. bridge

Declension

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Descendants

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  • Common Turkic:

References

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  1. ^ Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation[1], volume II, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 573
  2. ^ Clauson, Gerard (1962) Turkish and Mongolian studies[2], London: Royal Asiatic Society, page 238
  3. ^ Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎[3], Utrecht: LOT, page 423
  4. ^ Sanžejev, G. D., Orlovskaja, M. N., Ševernina, Z. V. (2016) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ mongolʹskix jazykov: v 3 t. [Etymological dictionary of Mongolic languages: in 3 vols.] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 137
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “köprüg”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 690
  • Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20)‎[4] (in German), volume III, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, § 1623, pages 585-587
  • Eren, Hasan (1999) “köprü”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, pages 258-259
  • Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (1997) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume V, Moscow: Jazyki russkoj kulʹtury, page 112
  • Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “köprü”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 292