ان
Afrikaans
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Conjunction
[edit]ان (ən)
Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Suffix
[edit]ـَان • (-ān)
- Suffix used in forming intensive adjectives of the pattern فَعْلَان (faʕlān), e.g. تَعْبَان (taʕbān, “tired”), عَطْشَان (ʕaṭšān, “thirsty”), غَضْبَان (ḡaḍbān, “angry”), زَعْلَان (zaʕlān, “annoyed”), كَسْلَان (kaslān, “lazy”), نَعْسَان (naʕsān, “drowsy”). These adjectives generally have a feminine in َـى (-ā), e.g. عَطْشَى (ʕaṭšā), كَسْلَى (kaslā), نَعْسَى (naʕsā).
Interfix
[edit]َـانـ • (-ān-)
- Interfix used in forming nisba (relative) adjectives, inserted between the base noun and the ending ـِيّ (-iyy), e.g. أَنَانِيّ (ʔanāniyy, “selfish”), based on أَنَا (ʔanā) or عَالَمَانِيّ (ʕālamāniyy, “worldly, secular”), based on عَالَم (ʕālam, “world”).
Derived terms
[edit]Suffix
[edit]ـَانِ • (-āni)
- Suffix added to a noun or adjective to form the nominative dual form.
Burushaski
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ان (un)
Etymology 2
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ان (in)
References
[edit]- Bechtholdt, Astrid (2024) “un”, in Burushaski Hunza Dictionary (Webonary) (in Burushaski), Dallas, Texas, USA: SIL International, published 2017: “(in Latin script)”.
- Bechtholdt, Astrid (2024) “in”, in Burushaski Hunza Dictionary (Webonary) (in Burushaski), Dallas, Texas, USA: SIL International, published 2017: “(in Latin script)”.
Kalami
[edit]Noun
[edit]ان (an) m
Ottoman Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-gan, which is comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-gan and Proto-Tungusic *-kan.
Suffix
[edit]ان • (-an)
- adjective-forming suffix that, added to the root of a verb, creates non-past participles
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Turkish: -an
Further reading
[edit]- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “-an1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 238
Persian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Persian 𐭠𐭭 (-ān). Compare Pashto ـونه (-ona), Northern Luri ـۆ(ن) (-ø(n)).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʔɑːn]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɒːn]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɔn]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | ān |
Dari reading? | ān |
Iranian reading? | ân |
Tajik reading? | on |
Suffix
[edit]Dari | ـان |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | -он |
ـان • (-ân)
- A suffix forming the plural of nouns, chiefly animate ones.
- Hypernym: ها (-hâ, possible for any noun)
Usage notes
[edit]- In the formal standard language, -ân is usable with almost all words for persons and many animal names. It is also employed with a limited number of inanimate nouns, e.g. چشمان (češmân, “eyes”), سخنان (soxanân, “words”). In pre-modern or poetic texts it is used more freely. In the contemporary Iranian vernacular, on the other hand, the suffix is rare and only a handful of words are common, e.g. آقایان (âqâyân, “misters”), عزیزان ('azizân, “dear ones, friends”).
- The suffix becomes گان (-gân) after a native word in silent ه (-e), and یان (-yân) after و (-u) or ا (-a).
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Like etymology 1.
Suffix
[edit]Dari | ـان |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | -он |
ـان • (-ân)
- A suffix attached to the present stem of verbs to derive adjectives.
Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʔan]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔæn]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔän]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | an |
Dari reading? | an |
Iranian reading? | an |
Tajik reading? | an |
Noun
[edit]ان • (an)
Etymology 4
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ان • (en)
- Transliteration of the name of the Latin-script letter n in English and other European languages.
Derived terms
[edit]- دیانای (di-en-ey)
South Levantine Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Suffix
[edit]ـان • (-ān)
- Suffix used in forming intensive adjectives of the pattern فَعْلَان (faʕlān).
Usage notes
[edit]- Intensive adjectives often act as active participles of stative verbs, usually having the pattern فِعِل (fiʕil), for instance:
See also
[edit]Category:South Levantine Arabic intensive adjectives
Torwali
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Sanskrit अन्ध (andha), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *andʰás.
Adjective
[edit]ان (an)
Urdu
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Sanskrit अन- (ana-).
Compare Middle Persian ʾn (an-).
Alternative forms
[edit]- اـ (before consonants)
Prefix
[edit]انـ • (an-) (Hindi spelling अन-)
Usage notes
[edit]This form is used before words that begin with vowels.
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]اِن • (in) m pl or f pl (Hindi spelling इन)
- (proximal) third-person plural objective personal pronoun: them
- (oblique case) these; plural of اِس (is)
- (formal, proximal) third-person singular objective personal pronoun: him, (oblique case) her
- (formal, oblique case) this
Pronoun
[edit]اُن • (un) m pl or f pl (Hindi spelling उन)
- (distal) third-person plural objective personal pronoun: them
- (oblique case) those; plural of اُس (us)
- (formal, distal) third-person singular objective personal pronoun: him, (oblique case) her
- (formal, oblique case) that
Determiner
[edit]اِن • (in) pl (Hindi spelling इन)
- (oblique case) these; plural of اِس (is)
- (formal, oblique case) this
Determiner
[edit]اُن • (un) pl (Hindi spelling उन)
- (oblique case) those; plural of اُس (us)
- (formal, oblique case) that
See also
[edit]Urdu personal pronouns | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | Description | Direct case | Indirect case | Ergative case | Dative/Accusative case | |
1st person | singular | مَیں (ma͠i) | مُجھ (mujh) | مَیں نے (ma͠i ne) | مُجھ کو (mujh ko),
مُجھے (mujhe) | |
formal (rare) | خَاکْسَار (xāksār) | خَاکْسَار نے (xāksār ne) | خَاکْسَار کو (xāksār ko) | |||
plural | ہَم (ham) | ہَم نے (ham ne) | ہَم کو (ham ko),
ہَمیں (hamẽ) | |||
2nd person | informal (intimate) | تُو (tū) | تُجھ (tujh) | تُو نے (tū ne) | تُجھ کو (tujh ko),
تُجھے (tujhe) | |
semiformal (familiar) | تُم (tum) | تُم نے (tum ne) | تُم کو (tum ko),
تُمھیں (tumhẽ) | |||
formal (polite) | آپ (āp) | آپ نے (āp ne) | آپ کو (āp ko) | |||
3rd person | proximal | singular / informal | یِہ (ye) | اِس (is) | اِس نے (is ne) | اِس کو (is ko),
اِسے (ise) |
plural / formal | اِن (in) | اِنھوں نے (inhõ ne) | اِن کو (in ko),
اِنھیں (inhẽ) | |||
distal | singular / informal | وُہ (vo) | اُس (us) | اُس نے (us ne) | اُس کو (us ko),
اُسے (use) | |
plural / formal | اُن (un) | اُنھوں نے (unhõ ne) | اُن کو (un ko),
اُنھیں (unhẽ) |
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