αἴξ

See also: αιξ

Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek words related to “goats” (αἶγες):
αἱ αἶγες μηκῶνται – “The goats bleat.”
ὁ τράγος – “the he-goat”
ὁ ἔριφος – “the kid, young goat”

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *aíks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“goat”). Cognates include Old Armenian այծ (ayc), Sanskrit एड (eḍa), and Albanian dhi.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ǎi̯ks/ → /ɛks/ → /eks/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ǎi̯ks/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɛks/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɛks/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /eks/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eks/

Noun

αἴξ • (aíx) m or f (genitive αἰγός); third declension

1. goat (especially a she-goat)

   Τὴν αἶγα ὁ τράγος ἀγαπᾷ.

   Tḕn aîga ho trágos agapāî.

   The billy goat loves the she-goat.

2. a kind of waterfowl, possibly a goose
3. In the plural: waves, surf
4. (proper noun) the star Capella

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ / ἡ αἴξ; τοῦ / τῆς αἰγός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ / ἡ αἴξ ho / hē aíx	τὼ αἶγε tṑ aîge	οἱ / αἱ αἶγες hoi / hai aîges
Genitive	τοῦ / τῆς αἰγός toû / tês aigós	τοῖν αἰγοῖν toîn aigoîn	τῶν αἰγῶν tôn aigôn
Dative	τῷ / τῇ αἰγῐ́ tōî / tēî aigĭ́	τοῖν αἰγοῖν toîn aigoîn	τοῖς / ταῖς αἰξῐ́ / αἰξῐ́ν toîs / taîs aixĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὸν / τὴν αἶγᾰ tòn / tḕn aîgă	τὼ αἶγε tṑ aîge	τοὺς / τᾱ̀ς αἶγᾰς toùs / tā̀s aîgăs
Vocative	αἴξ aíx	αἶγε aîge	αἶγες aîges
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• αἴγινος (aíginos)
• Αἰγίπαν (Aigípan)
• αἰγίς (aigís)
• αἰγοθήλας (aigothḗlas)
• αἰγόλεθρος (aigólethros)
• αἰγοπρόσωπος (aigoprósōpos)

Descendants

• Greek: αίγα (aíga), γίδι (gídi) (from diminutive)
• → Greek: αιξ f (aix) (Katharevousa)
• → Translingual: Aix

Further reading

• “αἴξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “αἴξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “αἴξ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• αἴξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• αἴξ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• αἴξ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
• “αἴξ”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• αἴξ in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007), Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften