βαθύς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Zero-grade of the root of βένθος (bénthos); perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂dʰ- (“to sink, submerge”) or cognate to Sanskrit गाढ (gāḍha, “profound, intense, deep, dense, thick, fast, deep (of a color)”). Unrelated to βυσσός (bussós) and βυθός (buthós). Unrelated to English bath.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ba.tʰýs/ → /βaˈθys/ → /vaˈθis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ba.tʰýs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /baˈtʰys/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βaˈθys/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /vaˈθys/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /vaˈθis/

Adjective

βᾰθῠ́ς • (bathús) m (feminine βᾰθεῖᾰ, neuter βᾰθῠ́); first/third declension

1. being a large vertical distance from: high, deep
2. thick
3. generally: strong, intense, full
4. profound
5. (of colour) deep
6. (time) twilight

Inflection

First and third declension of βᾰθῠ́ς; βᾰθεῖᾰ; βᾰθῠ́ (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		βᾰθῠ́ς bathús	βᾰθεῖᾰ batheîa	βᾰθῠ́ bathú		βᾰθέε bathée	βᾰθείᾱ batheíā	βᾰθέε bathée		βᾰθεῖς batheîs	βᾰθεῖαι batheîai	βᾰθέᾰ bathéa
Genitive		βᾰθέος bathéos	βᾰθείᾱς batheíās	βᾰθέος bathéos		βᾰθέοιν bathéoin	βᾰθείαιν batheíain	βᾰθέοιν bathéoin		βᾰθέων bathéōn	βᾰθειῶν batheiôn	βᾰθέων bathéōn
Dative		βᾰθεῖ batheî	βᾰθείᾳ batheíāi	βᾰθεῖ batheî		βᾰθέοιν bathéoin	βᾰθείαιν batheíain	βᾰθέοιν bathéoin		βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν bathési(n)	βᾰθείαις batheíais	βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν bathési(n)
Accusative		βᾰθῠ́ν bathún	βᾰθεῖᾰν batheîan	βᾰθῠ́ bathú		βᾰθέε bathée	βᾰθείᾱ batheíā	βᾰθέε bathée		βᾰθεῖς batheîs	βᾰθείᾱς batheíās	βᾰθέᾰ bathéa
Vocative		βᾰθῠ́ bathú	βᾰθεῖᾰ batheîa	βᾰθῠ́ bathú		βᾰθέε bathée	βᾰθείᾱ batheíā	βᾰθέε bathée		βᾰθεῖς batheîs	βᾰθεῖαι batheîai	βᾰθέᾰ bathéa
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		βᾰθέως bathéōs				βᾰθῠ́τερος bathúteros				βᾰθῠ́τᾰτος bathútatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and third declension of βᾰθῠ́ς; βᾰθεῖᾰ; βᾰθῠ́ (Epic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		βᾰθῠ́ς bathús	βᾰθεῖᾰ batheîa	βᾰθῠ́ bathú		βᾰθέε bathée	βᾰθείᾱ batheíā	βᾰθέε bathée		βᾰθέες bathées	βᾰθεῖαι batheîai	βᾰθέᾰ bathéa
Genitive		βᾰθέος bathéos	βᾰθείης batheíēs	βᾰθέος bathéos		βᾰθέοιῐν bathéoiin	βᾰθείαιν / βᾰθείαιῐν / βᾰθείῃῐν batheíai(i)n / batheíēiin	βᾰθέοιῐν bathéoiin		βᾰθέων bathéōn	βᾰθειᾱ́ων / βᾰθειέ͜ων / βᾰθειῶν batheiā́ōn / batheié͜ōn / batheiôn	βᾰθέων bathéōn
Dative		βᾰθεῖ batheî	βᾰθείῃ batheíēi	βᾰθεῖ batheî		βᾰθέοιῐν bathéoiin	βᾰθείαιν / βᾰθείαιῐν / βᾰθείῃῐν batheíai(i)n / batheíēiin	βᾰθέοιῐν bathéoiin		βᾰθέεσσῐ / βᾰθέεσσῐν / βᾰθέεσῐ / βᾰθέεσῐν / βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν bathéessi(n) / bathéesi(n) / bathési(n)	βᾰθείῃσῐ / βᾰθείῃσῐν / βᾰθείῃς / βᾰθείαις batheíēisi(n) / batheíēis / batheíais	βᾰθέεσσῐ / βᾰθέεσσῐν / βᾰθέεσῐ / βᾰθέεσῐν / βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν bathéessi(n) / bathéesi(n) / bathési(n)
Accusative		βᾰθῠ́ν bathún	βᾰθεῖᾰν batheîan	βᾰθῠ́ bathú		βᾰθέε bathée	βᾰθείᾱ batheíā	βᾰθέε bathée		βᾰθέᾰς bathéas	βᾰθείᾱς batheíās	βᾰθέᾰ bathéa
Vocative		βᾰθῠ́ bathú	βᾰθεῖᾰ batheîa	βᾰθῠ́ bathú		βᾰθέε bathée	βᾰθείᾱ batheíā	βᾰθέε bathée		βᾰθέες bathées	βᾰθεῖαι batheîai	βᾰθέᾰ bathéa
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		βᾰθέως bathéōs				βᾰθῠ́τερος bathúteros				βᾰθῠ́τᾰτος bathútatos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• Βαθυκλῆς (Bathuklês)
• βαθύκολπος (bathúkolpos)
• βᾰθῠπόλεμος (bathupólemos)
• βαθυδῑ́νης (bathudī́nēs)

Related terms

• βάθος (báthos)

Descendants

• → English: bathy-
• Greek: βαθύς (vathýs, “deep”)

Further reading

• “βαθύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “βαθύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “βαθύς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• βαθύς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “βαθύς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G901 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • deep idem, page 203.
  • profound idem, page 653.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “βαθύς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 191

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek βαθύς (bathús).

Adjective

βαθύς • (vathýs) m (feminine βαθιά, neuter βαθύ)

1. deep (downward or sometimes inward)

   Antonym: ρηχός (richós)

2. (figuratively) deep, dark (of shades and colours)

   βαθύ μπλε ― vathý ble ― deep blue

3. (figuratively) profound, deep

Declension

Declension of βαθύς

number  case \ gender	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	βαθύς •	βαθιά •	βαθύ •	βαθιοί •	βαθιές •	βαθιά •
genitive	βαθιού • / βαθύ •	βαθιάς •	βαθιού • / βαθύ •	βαθιών •	βαθιών •	βαθιών •
accusative	βαθύ •	βαθιά •	βαθύ •	βαθιούς •	βαθιές •	βαθιά •
vocative	βαθύ •	βαθιά •	βαθύ •	βαθιοί •	βαθιές •	βαθιά •
derivations	Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο βαθύς, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο βαθύς, etc.)

Degrees of comparison by suffixation

comparative	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	βαθύτερος •	βαθύτερη •	βαθύτερο •	βαθύτεροι •	βαθύτερες •	βαθύτερα •
genitive	βαθύτερου •	βαθύτερης •	βαθύτερου •	βαθύτερων •	βαθύτερων •	βαθύτερων •
accusative	βαθύτερο •	βαθύτερη •	βαθύτερο •	βαθύτερους •	βαθύτερες •	βαθύτερα •
vocative	βαθύτερε •	βαθύτερη •	βαθύτερο •	βαθύτεροι •	βαθύτερες •	βαθύτερα •
derivations	relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο βαθύτερος", etc)
Absolute superlative	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	βαθύτατος •	βαθύτατη •	βαθύτατο •	βαθύτατοι •	βαθύτατες •	βαθύτατα •
genitive	βαθύτατου •	βαθύτατης •	βαθύτατου •	βαθύτατων •	βαθύτατων •	βαθύτατων •
accusative	βαθύτατο •	βαθύτατη •	βαθύτατο •	βαθύτατους •	βαθύτατες •	βαθύτατα •
vocative	βαθύτατε •	βαθύτατη •	βαθύτατο •	βαθύτατοι •	βαθύτατες •	βαθύτατα •

Related terms

• βάθος (váthos)

Further reading

• βαθύς - Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.