βαθύς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Zero-grade of the root of βένθος (bénthos), of uncertain origin. Alternatively from earlier *βαφύς (*baphús), related to Sanskrit गभीर (gabhīrá, “deep”). Or perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂dʰ- (“to sink, submerge”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) Unrelated to βυσσός (bussós) and βυθός (buthós).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ba.tʰýs/ → /βaˈθys/ → /vaˈθis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ba.tʰýs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /baˈtʰys/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βaˈθys/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /vaˈθys/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /vaˈθis/

Adjective

βᾰθῠ́ς • (băthŭ́s) m (feminine βᾰθεῖᾰ, neuter βᾰθῠ́); first/third declension

1. being a large vertical distance from: high, deep
2. thick
3. (generally) strong, intense, full
4. rich, wealthy, (of wealth) abundant
5. profound
6. (of colour) deep
7. (time) twilight

Declension

First and third declension of βᾰθῠ́ς; βᾰθεῖᾰ; βᾰθῠ́ (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		βᾰθῠ́ς băthŭ́s	βᾰθεῖᾰ bătheîă	βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́		βᾰθεῖ bătheî	βᾰθείᾱ bătheíā	βᾰθεῖ bătheî		βᾰθεῖς bătheîs	βᾰθεῖαι bătheîai	βᾰθέᾰ băthéă
Genitive		βᾰθέος băthéos	βᾰθείᾱς bătheíās	βᾰθέος băthéos		βᾰθέοιν băthéoin	βᾰθείαιν bătheíain	βᾰθέοιν băthéoin		βᾰθέων băthéōn	βᾰθειῶν bătheiôn	βᾰθέων băthéōn
Dative		βᾰθεῖ bătheî	βᾰθείᾳ bătheíāi	βᾰθεῖ bătheî		βᾰθέοιν băthéoin	βᾰθείαιν bătheíain	βᾰθέοιν băthéoin		βᾰθέσῐ βᾰθέσῐν băthésĭ(n)	βᾰθείαις bătheíais	βᾰθέσῐ βᾰθέσῐν băthésĭ(n)
Accusative		βᾰθῠ́ν băthŭ́n	βᾰθεῖᾰν bătheîăn	βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́		βᾰθεῖ bătheî	βᾰθείᾱ bătheíā	βᾰθεῖ bătheî		βᾰθεῖς bătheîs	βᾰθείᾱς bătheíās	βᾰθέᾰ băthéă
Vocative		βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́	βᾰθεῖᾰ bătheîă	βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́		βᾰθεῖ bătheî	βᾰθείᾱ bătheíā	βᾰθεῖ bătheî		βᾰθεῖς bătheîs	βᾰθεῖαι bătheîai	βᾰθέᾰ băthéă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		βᾰθέως băthéōs				βᾰθῠ́τερος băthŭ́teros				βᾰθῠ́τᾰτος băthŭ́tătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and third declension of βᾰθῠ́ς; βᾰθεῖᾰ; βᾰθῠ́ (Epic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		βᾰθῠ́ς băthŭ́s	βᾰθεῖᾰ bătheîă	βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́		βᾰθέε βᾰθεῖ băthée bătheî	βᾰθείᾱ bătheíā	βᾰθέε βᾰθεῖ băthée bătheî		βᾰθέες βᾰθεῖς băthées bătheîs	βᾰθεῖαι bătheîai	βᾰθέᾰ băthéă
Genitive		βᾰθέος băthéos	βᾰθείης bătheíēs	βᾰθέος băthéos		βᾰθέοιῐ̈ν băthéoiĭ̈n	βᾰθείαιῐ̈ν bătheíaiĭ̈n	βᾰθέοιῐ̈ν băthéoiĭ̈n		βᾰθέων băthéōn	βᾰθειᾱ́ων βᾰθειέων βᾰθειῶν bătheiā́ōn bătheiéōn bătheiôn	βᾰθέων băthéōn
Dative		βᾰθέῐ̈ βᾰθεῖ băthéĭ̈ bătheî	βᾰθείῃ bătheíēi	βᾰθέῐ̈ βᾰθεῖ băthéĭ̈ bătheî		βᾰθέοιῐ̈ν băthéoiĭ̈n	βᾰθείαιῐ̈ν bătheíaiĭ̈n	βᾰθέοιῐ̈ν băthéoiĭ̈n		βᾰθέσῐ βᾰθέσῐν βᾰθέεσσῐ βᾰθέεσσῐν băthésĭ(n) băthéessĭ(n)	βᾰθείῃσῐ βᾰθείῃσῐν βᾰθείῃς βᾰθείαις bătheíēisĭ(n) bătheíēis bătheíais	βᾰθέσῐ βᾰθέσῐν βᾰθέεσσῐ βᾰθέεσσῐν băthésĭ(n) băthéessĭ(n)
Accusative		βᾰθῠ́ν băthŭ́n	βᾰθεῖᾰν bătheîăn	βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́		βᾰθέε βᾰθεῖ băthée bătheî	βᾰθείᾱ bătheíā	βᾰθέε βᾰθεῖ băthée bătheî		βᾰθέᾰς băthéăs	βᾰθείᾱς bătheíās	βᾰθέᾰ băthéă
Vocative		βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́	βᾰθεῖᾰ bătheîă	βᾰθῠ́ băthŭ́		βᾰθέε βᾰθεῖ băthée bătheî	βᾰθείᾱ bătheíā	βᾰθέε βᾰθεῖ băthée bătheî		βᾰθέες βᾰθεῖς băthées bătheîs	βᾰθεῖαι bătheîai	βᾰθέᾰ băthéă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		βᾰθέως băthéōs				βᾰθῠ́τερος băthŭ́teros				βᾰθῠ́τᾰτος băthŭ́tătos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

First and third declension of βαθύς; βαθεία / βαθέα / βαθειά / βαθιά; βαθύ / βαθύν (Byzantine)

Number		Singular				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		βαθύς bathús	βαθεία βαθέα βαθειά βαθιά batheía bathéa batheiá bathiá	βαθύ βαθύν bathú bathún		βαθέοι βαθιοί bathéoi bathioí	βαθέαι βαθεῖες βαθειές βαθιές bathéai batheîes batheiés bathiés	βαθέα βαθεά βαθία βαθιά bathéa batheá bathía bathiá
Genitive		βαθέου βαθιοῦ βαθύ βαθή bathéou bathioû bathú bathḗ	*βαθείας βαθέας βαθειᾶς βαθιᾶς *batheías bathéas batheiâs bathiâs	βαθέου βαθίου βαθιοῦ βαθύ bathéou bathíou bathioû bathú		βαθέων βαθίων *βαθιῶν bathéōn bathíōn *bathiôn	βαθέων *βαθειῶν *βαθιῶν bathéōn *batheiôn *bathiôn	βαθέων βαθίων *βαθιῶν bathéōn bathíōn *bathiôn
Dative		βᾰθέῐ̈ băthéĭ̈	βᾰθείᾳ bătheíāi	βᾰθέῐ̈ băthéĭ̈		βᾰθέσῐ βᾰθέσῐν băthésĭ(n)	βᾰθείαις bătheíais	βᾰθέσῐ βᾰθέσῐν băthésĭ(n)
Accusative		βαθύ βαθύν bathú bathún	βαθείαν βαθέαν βαθειάν βαθιάν βαθεία βαθέα βαθειά βαθιά batheían bathéan batheián bathián batheía bathéa batheiá bathiá	βαθύ βαθύν βαθέον bathú bathún bathéon		βαθέους βαθίους βαθιούς βαθειούς bathéous bathíous bathioús batheioús	βαθέας βαθείας βαθεῖες βαθειές βαθιές bathéas batheías batheîes batheiés bathiés	βαθέα *βαθεά βαθία βαθιά bathéa *batheá bathía bathiá
Vocative		βαθύ bathú	*βαθεία βαθέα βαθειά βαθιά *batheía bathéa batheiá bathiá	βαθύ βαθύν bathú bathún		βαθέοι *βαθιοί bathéoi *bathioí	*βαθεῖες *βαθειές *batheîes *batheiés	*βαθέα *βαθεά *βαθία *βαθιά *bathéa *batheá *bathía *bathiá

There is a poetic alternate comparative βαθίων (or Doric βάσσων) and superlative βάθιστος.

Derived terms

• βαθυδῑ́νης (bathudī́nēs)
• Βαθυκλῆς (Bathuklês)
• βαθύκολπος (bathúkolpos)
• βᾰθῠπόλεμος (băthŭpólemos)
• βαθύρροος (bathúrrhoos)

Related terms

• βάθος (báthos)

Descendants

• Greek: βαθύς (vathýs)
• Mariupol Greek: ватъы́с (vaθýs)
• → English: bathy-

Further reading

• “βαθύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “βαθύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “βαθύς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• βαθύς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “βαθύς”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G901 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • deep idem, page 203.
  • profound idem, page 653.
• βαθύς, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

Greek

Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek βαθύς (bathús).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vaˈθis/

Adjective

βαθύς • (vathýs) m (feminine βαθιά, neuter βαθύ)

1. deep (downward or sometimes inward)

   Antonym: ρηχός (richós)

2. (figuratively) deep, dark (of shades and colours)

   βαθύ μπλε ― vathý ble ― deep blue

3. (figuratively) profound, deep

Declension

Declension of βαθύς

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	βαθύς (vathýs)	βαθιά (vathiá)	βαθύ (vathý)		βαθιοί (vathioí)	βαθιές (vathiés)	βαθιά (vathiá)
genitive	βαθιού (vathioú) βαθύ (vathý)	βαθιάς (vathiás)	βαθιού (vathioú) βαθύ (vathý)		βαθιών (vathión)	βαθιών (vathión)	βαθιών (vathión)
accusative	βαθύ (vathý)	βαθιά (vathiá)	βαθύ (vathý)		βαθιούς (vathioús)	βαθιές (vathiés)	βαθιά (vathiá)
vocative	βαθύ (vathý)	βαθιά (vathiá)	βαθύ (vathý)		βαθιοί (vathioí)	βαθιές (vathiés)	βαθιά (vathiá)

Derivations:
Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο βαθύς, etc.)
Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο βαθύς, etc.)

Degrees of comparison by suffixation

comparative (?) singular plural masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter nominative βαθύτερος (vathýteros) βαθύτερη (vathýteri) βαθύτερο (vathýtero) βαθύτεροι (vathýteroi) βαθύτερες (vathýteres) βαθύτερα (vathýtera) genitive βαθύτερου (vathýterou) βαθύτερης (vathýteris) βαθύτερου (vathýterou) βαθύτερων (vathýteron) βαθύτερων (vathýteron) βαθύτερων (vathýteron) accusative βαθύτερο (vathýtero) βαθύτερη (vathýteri) βαθύτερο (vathýtero) βαθύτερους (vathýterous) βαθύτερες (vathýteres) βαθύτερα (vathýtera) vocative βαθύτερε (vathýtere) βαθύτερη (vathýteri) βαθύτερο (vathýtero) βαθύτεροι (vathýteroi) βαθύτερες (vathýteres) βαθύτερα (vathýtera) Derivations: relative superlative: ο + comparative forms: e.g. ο βαθύτερος (o vathýteros), etc. absolute superlative (?) singular plural masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter nominative βαθύτατος (vathýtatos) βαθύτατη (vathýtati) βαθύτατο (vathýtato) βαθύτατοι (vathýtatoi) βαθύτατες (vathýtates) βαθύτατα (vathýtata) genitive βαθύτατου (vathýtatou) βαθύτατης (vathýtatis) βαθύτατου (vathýtatou) βαθύτατων (vathýtaton) βαθύτατων (vathýtaton) βαθύτατων (vathýtaton) accusative βαθύτατο (vathýtato) βαθύτατη (vathýtati) βαθύτατο (vathýtato) βαθύτατους (vathýtatous) βαθύτατες (vathýtates) βαθύτατα (vathýtata) vocative βαθύτατε (vathýtate) βαθύτατη (vathýtati) βαθύτατο (vathýtato) βαθύτατοι (vathýtatoi) βαθύτατες (vathýtates) βαθύτατα (vathýtata)

Related terms

• compare with: βάθος (váthos, “depth”, noun)

Further reading

• βαθύς, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language