γαστήρ
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Ancient Greek[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Dissimilation of earlier *γρᾰστήρ (*grastḗr, “devourer”), from γρᾰ́ω (gráō, “to gnaw, eat”) + -τήρ (-tḗr, agent noun suffix).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ɡas.tɛ̌ːr/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ɡasˈte̝r/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ɣasˈtir/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ɣasˈtir/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ɣasˈtir/
Noun[edit]
γᾰστήρ • (gastḗr) f (genitive γᾰστέρος or γᾰστρός); third declension
- paunch, belly, hollow, wide part
- (anatomy) womb
- 6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 305:
- Τοὶ κακοὶ οὐ πάντες κακοὶ ἐκ γαστρὸς γεγόνασιν, […]
- Toì kakoì ou pántes kakoì ek gastròs gegónasin, […]
- Τοὶ κακοὶ οὐ πάντες κακοὶ ἐκ γαστρὸς γεγόνασιν, […]
Usage notes[edit]
The root of γᾰστήρ (gastḗr) contains an ε (e) between τ (t) and ρ (r) which is often syncopated, leading to alternative forms such as genitive singular γᾰστέρος (gastéros) and γᾰστρός (gastrós), dative singular γᾰστέρῐ (gastéri) and γᾰστρῐ́ (gastrí), dative plural γᾰστῆρσῐ (gastêrsi) and γᾰστρᾰ́σῐ (gastrási). The syncopated form is generally more common in forms with long suffixes, such as the aforementioned. The inflection table below lists the more common forms.
Inflection[edit]
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ γᾰστήρ hē gastḗr |
τὼ γᾰστέρε tṑ gastére |
αἱ γᾰστέρες hai gastéres | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς γᾰστέρος / γᾰστρός tês gastéros / gastrós |
τοῖν γᾰστέροιν toîn gastéroin |
τῶν γᾰστέρων tôn gastérōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ γᾰστέρῐ / γᾰστρῐ́ têi gastéri / gastrí |
τοῖν γᾰστέροιν toîn gastéroin |
ταῖς γᾰστῆρσῐ / γᾰστῆρσῐν / γᾰστρᾰ́σῐ / γᾰστρᾰ́σῐν taîs gastêrsi(n) / gastrási(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν γᾰστέρᾰ tḕn gastéra |
τὼ γᾰστέρε tṑ gastére |
τᾱ̀ς γᾰστέρᾰς tā̀s gastéras | ||||||||||
Vocative | γᾰστήρ gastḗr |
γᾰστέρε gastére |
γᾰστέρες gastéres | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms[edit]
- γᾰστεροπλήξ (gasteroplḗx)
- γᾰστραίᾱ (gastraíā)
- γᾰστροβόρος (gastrobóros)
- γᾰστροβᾰρής (gastrobarḗs)
- γᾰστροειδής (gastroeidḗs)
- γᾰστροιῐ̈́ς (gastroiḯs)
- γᾰστροκνήμη (gastroknḗmē)
- γᾰστρολογῐ́ᾱ (gastrologíā)
- γᾰστρομᾰντεύομαι (gastromanteúomai)
- γᾰστρονομῐ́ᾱ (gastronomíā)
- γᾰστρόπτης (gastróptēs)
- γᾰστροπῑ́ων (gastropī́ōn)
- γᾰστρόρροιᾰ (gastrórrhoia)
- γᾰστρορρᾰφῐ́ᾱ (gastrorrhaphíā)
- γᾰστροτόμος (gastrotómos)
- γᾰστροφόρος (gastrophóros)
- γᾰστρόχειρ (gastrókheir)
- γᾰστροχᾰ́ρῠβδῐς (gastrokhárubdis)
- γᾰστρώδης (gastrṓdēs)
- γᾰ́στρων (gástrōn)
- γᾰ́στρᾰ (gástra)
- γᾰστρᾰφέτης (gastraphétēs)
- γᾰστρῐ́δουλος (gastrídoulos)
- γᾰστρῐ́δῐον (gastrídion)
- γᾰστρῐ́ζω (gastrízō)
- γᾰστρῐ́μᾰργος (gastrímargos)
- γᾰστρῐ́ον (gastríon)
- γᾰ́στρῐς (gástris)
- ἐγγᾰστρόχειρ (engastrókheir)
- ἐγγᾰστρῐ́μᾰντῐς (engastrímantis)
- ἐγγᾰστρῐμᾰ́χαιρᾰ (engastrimákhaira)
- ἐγγᾰστρῐ́μῡθος (engastrímūthos)
- ἐγγᾰ́στρῐος (engástrios)
- ἐγγᾰστρῑ́της (engastrī́tēs)
- ἐκτρᾰπελόγᾰστρος (ektrapelógastros)
- ἐπῐγᾰ́στρῐος (epigástrios)
- ἑτερογᾰ́στρῐος (heterogástrios)
- κᾰτεπῐγᾰ́στρῐος (katepigástrios)
- κᾰτᾰ́γᾰστρος (katágastros)
- λεπτόγᾰστρος (leptógastros)
- ὁμογᾰ́στρῐος (homogástrios)
- προγᾰστρῐ́δῐος (progastrídios)
- προγᾰστρῐκός (progastrikós)
- προγᾰ́στρῐον (progástrion)
- σῡ́ργᾰστρος (sū́rgastros)
- ταυρογᾰστρῐκός (taurogastrikós)
- ῠ̔πογᾰστρῐ́ζομαι (hupogastrízomai)
- ῠ̔πογᾰ́στρῐον (hupogástrion)
- ῠ̔πογᾰ́στρῐος (hupogástrios)
- ῠ̔πογᾰστρῐ́ς (hupogastrís)
Descendants[edit]
Descendants of γᾰστήρ in other languages
References[edit]
- “γαστήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “γαστήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “γαστήρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- γαστήρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- γαστήρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- γαστήρ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
- “γαστήρ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G1064 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -τήρ
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek oxytone terms
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns
- Ancient Greek third-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the third declension
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations
- grc:Anatomy
- grc:Body parts
- grc:Foods
- Ancient Greek irregular nouns