δεσπότης
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *déspotis, an original phrase from Proto-Indo-European *déms pótis (“master of the house”), from *dṓm (“house”), whence also Ancient Greek δόμος (dómos, “house”); and *pótis (“master”), whence also Ancient Greek πόσῐς (pósĭs, “husband”); with an ending influenced by -της (-tēs, masculine adjectival suffix). Cognate with Sanskrit दम्प॑ति (dámpati, “lord of the house”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /des.pó.tɛːs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /desˈpo.te̝s/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ðesˈpo.tis/
- (10th CE Medieval) IPA(key): /ðesˈpo.tis/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ðesˈpo.tis/
Noun
[edit]δεσπότης • (despótēs) m (genitive δεσπότου, feminine δέσποινᾰ or δεσπότῐς or δεσπότειρᾰ or δεσπότρῐᾰ); first declension (Attic, Ionic, Koine)
- master; lord (most commonly in the context of one who owns slaves)
- ruler; despot
- (loosely) owner (in general)
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ὁ δεσπότηςho despótēs | τὼ δεσπότᾱtṑ despótā | οἱ δεσπόταιhoi despótai |
| genitive | τοῦ δεσπότουtoû despótou | τοῖν δεσπόταινtoîn despótain | τῶν δεσποτῶνtôn despotôn |
| dative | τῷ δεσπότῃtōî despótēi | τοῖν δεσπόταινtoîn despótain | τοῖς δεσπόταιςtoîs despótais |
| accusative | τὸν δεσπότηνtòn despótēn | τὼ δεσπότᾱtṑ despótā | τοὺς δεσπότᾱςtoùs despótās |
| vocative | δέσποτᾰdéspotă | δεσπότᾱdespótā | δεσπόταιdespótai |
- This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ὁ δεσπότηςho despótēs | τὼ δεσπότᾱtṑ despótā | οἱ δεσπόταιhoi despótai |
| genitive | τοῦ δεσπότεω / δεσπότωtoû despóteō / despótō | τοῖν δεσπόταινtoîn despótain | τῶν δεσποτέων / δεσποτῶνtôn despotéōn / despotôn |
| dative | τῷ δεσπότῃtōî despótēi | τοῖν δεσπόταινtoîn despótain | τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν δεσπότῃσῐ / δεσπότῃσῐνtoîsĭ(n) despótēisĭ(n) |
| accusative | τὸν δεσπότην / δεσπότεᾰtòn despótēn / despóteă | τὼ δεσπότᾱtṑ despótā | τοὺς δεσπότᾱςtoùs despótās |
| vocative | δέσποτᾰdéspotă | δεσπότᾱdespótā | δεσπόταιdespótai |
- Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ὁ δεσπότηςho despótēs | τὼ δεσπότᾱtṑ despótā | οἱ δεσπόταιhoi despótai |
| genitive | τοῦ δεσπότουtoû despótou | τοῖν δεσπόταινtoîn despótain | τῶν δεσποτῶν / δεσποτᾶνtôn despotôn / despotân |
| dative | τῷ δεσπότῃtōî despótēi | τοῖν δεσπόταινtoîn despótain | τοῖς δεσπόταις / δεσπόταισῐ / δεσπόταισῐνtoîs despótais / despótaisĭ(n) |
| accusative | τὸν δεσπότηνtòn despótēn | τὼ δεσπότᾱtṑ despótā | τοὺς δεσπότᾱ̆ςtoùs despótā̆s |
| vocative | δέσποτᾰdéspotă | δεσπότᾱdespótā | δεσπόταιdespótai |
- Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.
Derived terms
[edit]- ᾰ̓δέσποτον (ădéspoton)
- ᾰ̓δέσποτος (ădéspotos)
- ᾰ̓δεσπότως (ădespótōs)
- αὐτοδεσποτείᾱ (autodespoteíā)
- αὐτοδεσποτέω (autodespotéō)
- αὐτοδεσπότης (autodespótēs)
- αὐτοδέσποτος (autodéspotos)
- αὐτοδεσποτῶ (autodespotô)
- αὐτοδεσπότως (autodespótōs)
- δεσπόζω (despózō)
- δέσποινᾰ (déspoină)
- δεσποίνη (despoínē)
- δεσποινῐκός (despoinĭkós)
- δεσποσῐοναύτᾱς (desposĭonaútās)
- δεσπόσῐος (despósĭos)
- δέσποσμᾰ (désposmă)
- δεσποστός (despostós)
- δεσπόσῠνᾰ (despósŭnă)
- δεσποσῠ́νη (desposŭ́nē)
- δεσπόσῠνος (despósŭnos)
- δεσποτᾰ́τον (despotắton)
- δεσποτᾰ́τος (despotắtos)
- δεσποτείᾱ (despoteíā)
- δεσπότειος (despóteios)
- δεσπότειρᾰ (despóteiră)
- δεσποτεύω (despoteúō)
- δεσποτέω (despotéō)
- δεσποτῐ́δῐον (despotĭ́dĭon)
- δεσποτῐκᾰ́ (despotĭkắ)
- δεσποτῐκή (despotĭkḗ)
- δεσποτῐκόν (despotĭkón)
- δεσποτῐκός (despotĭkós)
- δεσποτῐκῶς (despotĭkôs)
- δεσπότῐς (despótĭs)
- δεσποτῐ́σκος (despotĭ́skos)
- δεσπότρῐᾰ (despótrĭă)
- δεσποτῶ (despotô)
- ἐπῐδεσπόζω (epĭdespózō)
- ἐρωτοδέσποινᾰ (erōtodéspoină)
- ἑτεροδέσποτος (heterodéspotos)
- κᾰλοκοδέσποινᾰ (kălokodéspoină)
- κᾰλοοικοδέσποινᾰ (kălooikodéspoină)
- κοινοδέσποτος (koinodéspotos)
- κοσμοδεσπότης (kosmodespótēs)
- μῑσοδέσποτος (mīsodéspotos)
- νῑκοδέσποτος (nīkodéspotos)
- νῠκτοδεσπότῐς (nŭktodespótĭs)
- οἰκοδεσπόζω (oikodespózō)
- οἰκοδέσποινᾰ (oikodéspoină)
- οἰκοδεσποσῠ́νη (oikodesposŭ́nē)
- οἰκοδεσποτείᾱ (oikodespoteíā)
- οἰκοδεσποτέω (oikodespotéō)
- οἰκοδεσπότης (oikodespótēs)
- οἰκοδεσποτῐ́ᾱ (oikodespotĭ́ā)
- οἰκοδεσποτῐκός (oikodespotĭkós)
- οἰκοδεσποτῶ (oikodespotô)
- ὁμοδέσποτος (homodéspotos)
- πολῠδέσποτος (polŭdéspotos)
- προδεσπόζω (prodespózō)
- σῠνᾰδέσποτος (sŭnădéspotos)
- σῠνδεσπόζω (sŭndespózō)
- σῠνδεσποτείᾱ (sŭndespoteíā)
- σῠνδεσποτεύω (sŭndespoteúō)
- σῠνδέσποτος (sŭndéspotos)
- σῠνοικοδεσποτείᾱ (sŭnoikodespoteíā)
- σῠνοικοδεσποτέω (sŭnoikodespotéō)
- σῠνοικοδεσπότης (sŭnoikodespótēs)
- σῠνοικοδεσποτῐ́ᾱ (sŭnoikodespotĭ́ā)
- σῠνοικοδεσποτῶ (sŭnoikodespotô)
- τρῐγωνοδεσπότης (trĭgōnodespótēs)
- τρῐδέσποτος (trĭdéspotos)
- φῐλοδέσποινος (phĭlodéspoinos)
- φῐλοδεσποτείᾱ (phĭlodespoteíā)
- φῐλοδεσποτεύομαι (phĭlodespoteúomai)
- φῐλοδεσποτέω (phĭlodespotéō)
- φῐλοδεσπότης (phĭlodespótēs)
- φῐλοδεσποτῐ́ᾱ (phĭlodespotĭ́ā)
- φῐλοδεσποτῐκός (phĭlodespotĭkós)
- φῐλοδέσποτον (phĭlodéspoton)
- φῐλοδέσποτος (phĭlodéspotos)
- φῐλοδεσποτῶ (phĭlodespotô)
- ὦ δέσποτ’ ᾰ̓́νᾰξ (ô déspot’ ắnăx)
Descendants
[edit]Borrowings:
Unsorted borrowings:
- → Albanian: despot
- → Belarusian: дэспат (despat)
- → Bulgarian: деспот (despot)
- → Catalan: dèspota
- → Czech: despota
- → Danish: despot
- → Estonian: despoot
- → Finnish: despootti
- → Georgian: დესპოტი (desṗoṭi)
- → Latvian: despots
- → Lithuanian: despotas
- → Macedonian: деспот (despot)
- → Norwegian: despot
- → Polish: despota
- → Portuguese: déspota
- → Russian: деспот (despot)
- → Serbo-Croatian: despot / деспот
- → Slovak: despota
- → Slovene: despota
- → Swedish: despot
- → Ukrainian: деспот (despot)
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “δεσπότης, -ου”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 319
Further reading
[edit]- “δεσπότης”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “δεσπότης”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “δεσπότης” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- “δεσπότης” in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
- Strong, James (1979), “G1203”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek δεσπότης (despótēs).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]δεσπότης • (despótis) m (plural δεσπότες)
- despot, tyrant (ruler with absolute power)
- Όταν πήρε εξουσία, ονόμασε τον εαυτό του δεσπότη.
- Ótan píre exousía, onómase ton eaftó tou despóti.
- When he took power, he named himself as despot.
- (religion) bishop
- Την ευλογία σου, δέσποτα!
- Tin evlogía sou, déspota!
- Your blessing, please, Bishop!
- (religion) Lord (term of address for God)
- Ευλόγησον, δέσποτα!
- Evlógison, déspota!
- Bless us, O Lord!
- (historical) despot (title of a Byzantine regional ruler)
- master, ruler
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | δεσπότης (despótis) | δεσπότες (despótes) δεσποτάδες (despotádes) |
| genitive | δεσπότη (despóti) | δεσποτών (despotón) δεσποτάδων (despotádon) |
| accusative | δεσπότη (despóti) | δεσπότες (despótes) δεσποτάδες (despotádes) |
| vocative | δεσπότη (despóti) | δεσπότες (despótes) δεσποτάδες (despotádes) |
Synonyms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- αδέσποτος (adéspotos, “ownerless, stray”)
- δεσπόζω (despózo, “dominate”)
- δεσποινίς m (despoinís, “Miss”)
- δέσποτας m (déspotas)
- δεσποτάτο n (despotáto)
- δεσποτεία f (despoteía, “despotism”)
- δεσποτικός (despotikós, “despotic”)
- δεσποτισμός m (despotismós, “despotism”)
- οικοδεσπότης m (oikodespótis, “host”)
- πυργοδεσπότης m (pyrgodespótis)
- υποδεσπόζουσα f (ypodespózousa, “dominant -chord-”, participle and noun) (music)
Descendants
[edit]- → Romanian: despot
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -της (concerned with)
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek first-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the first declension
- Attic Greek
- Ionic Greek
- Koine Greek
- Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek learned borrowings from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Greek terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek nouns
- Greek masculine nouns
- Greek terms with usage examples
- el:Religion
- Greek terms with historical senses
- Greek nouns declining like 'δεσπότης'
- el:Byzantine Empire
- Ancient Greek irregular nouns