κύριος
See also: Κύριος
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
From κῦρος (kûros, “supremacy”) + -ιος (-ios, adjective suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewH- (“to swell, spread out, be strong, prevail”). Cognate with κύω (kúō), Latin cumulus, cavus.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ky̌ː.ri.os/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈky.ri.os/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈcy.ri.os/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈcy.ri.os/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈci.ri.os/
Adjective
κῡ́ρῐος • (kū́rios) m (feminine κῡρῐ́ᾱ, neuter κῡ́ρῐον); first/second declension
- (of people): ruling, governing, having power
- (of things): decisive, critical, authorized, valid, legal, entitled
- (of times): fixed, set, appointed
- (of language): literal
- main, major, primary, principal
Declension
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | κῡ́ρῐος kū́rios |
κῡρῐ́ᾱ kūríā |
κῡ́ρῐον kū́rion |
κῡρῐ́ω kūríō |
κῡρῐ́ᾱ kūríā |
κῡρῐ́ω kūríō |
κῡ́ρῐοι kū́rioi |
κῡ́ρῐαι kū́riai |
κῡ́ρῐᾰ kū́ria | |||||
Genitive | κῡρῐ́ου kūríou |
κῡρῐ́ᾱς kūríās |
κῡρῐ́ου kūríou |
κῡρῐ́οιν kūríoin |
κῡρῐ́αιν kūríain |
κῡρῐ́οιν kūríoin |
κῡρῐ́ων kūríōn |
κῡρῐ́ων kūríōn |
κῡρῐ́ων kūríōn | |||||
Dative | κῡρῐ́ῳ kūríōi |
κῡρῐ́ᾳ kūríāi |
κῡρῐ́ῳ kūríōi |
κῡρῐ́οιν kūríoin |
κῡρῐ́αιν kūríain |
κῡρῐ́οιν kūríoin |
κῡρῐ́οις kūríois |
κῡρῐ́αις kūríais |
κῡρῐ́οις kūríois | |||||
Accusative | κῡ́ρῐον kū́rion |
κῡρῐ́ᾱν kūríān |
κῡ́ρῐον kū́rion |
κῡρῐ́ω kūríō |
κῡρῐ́ᾱ kūríā |
κῡρῐ́ω kūríō |
κῡρῐ́ους kūríous |
κῡρῐ́ᾱς kūríās |
κῡ́ρῐᾰ kū́ria | |||||
Vocative | κῡ́ρῐε kū́rie |
κῡρῐ́ᾱ kūríā |
κῡ́ρῐον kū́rion |
κῡρῐ́ω kūríō |
κῡρῐ́ᾱ kūríā |
κῡρῐ́ω kūríō |
κῡ́ρῐοι kū́rioi |
κῡ́ρῐαι kū́riai |
κῡ́ρῐᾰ kū́ria | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
κῡρῐ́ως kūríōs |
κῡρῐώτερος kūriṓteros |
κῡρῐώτᾰτος kūriṓtatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Noun
κῡ́ριος • (kū́rios) m (genitive κῡρίου); second declension
- lord, master, guardian, ruler, owner
- sir
- Greek translation of the Tetragrammaton in the Septuagint
Declension
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ κῡ́ρῐος ho kū́rios |
τὼ κῡρῐ́ω tṑ kūríō |
οἱ κῡ́ρῐοι hoi kū́rioi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ κῡρῐ́ου toû kūríou |
τοῖν κῡρῐ́οιν toîn kūríoin |
τῶν κῡρῐ́ων tôn kūríōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ κῡρῐ́ῳ tôi kūríōi |
τοῖν κῡρῐ́οιν toîn kūríoin |
τοῖς κῡρῐ́οις toîs kūríois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν κῡ́ρῐον tòn kū́rion |
τὼ κῡρῐ́ω tṑ kūríō |
τοὺς κῡρῐ́ους toùs kūríous | ||||||||||
Vocative | κῡ́ρῐε kū́rie |
κῡρῐ́ω kūríō |
κῡ́ρῐοι kū́rioi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
- κῡριακός (kūriakós)
- κῡριακόν (kūriakón)
- κῡριεύω (kūrieúō)
- κῡριολεξία (kūriolexía)
- κῡριολογία (kūriología)
- κῡρίως (kūríōs)
Descendants
Further reading
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 592
- “κύριος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κύριος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- κύριος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- “κύριος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2962 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- absolute idem, page 4.
- all-powerful idem, page 22.
- almighty idem, page 25.
- appoint idem, page 36.
- arbiter idem, page 38.
- authorised idem, page 53.
- authoritative idem, page 53.
- authority idem, page 53.
- binding idem, page 79.
- cardinal idem, page 113.
- chief idem, page 129.
- competent idem, page 151.
- decisive idem, page 201.
- dominant idem, page 247.
- effective idem, page 262.
- entitle idem, page 278.
- force idem, page 335.
- foremost idem, page 336.
- fundamental idem, page 349.
- guardian idem, page 377.
- head idem, page 389.
- imperative idem, page 420.
- imperious idem, page 420.
- influence idem, page 439.
- influential idem, page 439.
- king idem, page 469.
- leading idem, page 482.
- lord idem, page 500.
- main idem, page 508.
- master idem, page 517.
- official idem, page 571.
- paramount idem, page 592.
- plenary idem, page 620.
- possessed idem, page 628.
- prince idem, page 641.
- principal idem, page 641.
- ruler idem, page 726.
- ruling idem, page 726.
- sovereign idem, page 797.
- staple idem, page 811.
- supreme idem, page 842.
- suzerain idem, page 846.
- unabolished idem, page 906.
- unalterable idem, page 906.
- unrepealed idem, page 929.
- valid idem, page 943.
Greek
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Ancient Greek κύριος (kúrios).
Noun
κύριος • (kýrios) m (plural κύριοι)
- mister (title conferred on an adult male)
- master (someone who has control over something or someone)
- sir (an address to any male)
Declension
Declension of κύριος
Synonyms
Related terms
- Κύριος m (Kýrios, “Lord”) (Christianity)
- κυρία f (kyría, “madam”)
- Κυριακή f (Kyriakí, “Sunday”)
- σαββατοκύριακο n (savvatokýriako, “weekend”)
See also
- δεσποινίς f (despoinís, “miss”)
Adjective
κύριος • (kýrios) m (feminine κύρια, neuter κύριο)
Declension
Declension of κύριος
number case \ gender |
singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | κύριος • | κύρια • | κύριο • | κύριοι • | κύριες • | κύρια • |
genitive | κύριου • | κύριας • | κύριου • | κύριων • | κύριων • | κύριων • |
accusative | κύριο • | κύρια • | κύριο • | κύριους • | κύριες • | κύρια • |
vocative | κύριε • | κύρια • | κύριο • | κύριοι • | κύριες • | κύρια • |
derivations | Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο κύριος, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο κύριος, etc.) |
Degrees of comparison by suffixation
comparative | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | κυριότερος • | κυριότερη • | κυριότερο • | κυριότεροι • | κυριότερες • | κυριότερα • |
genitive | κυριότερου • | κυριότερης • | κυριότερου • | κυριότερων • | κυριότερων • | κυριότερων • |
accusative | κυριότερο • | κυριότερη • | κυριότερο • | κυριότερους • | κυριότερες • | κυριότερα • |
vocative | κυριότερε • | κυριότερη • | κυριότερο • | κυριότεροι • | κυριότερες • | κυριότερα • |
derivations | relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο κυριότερος", etc) | |||||
Absolute superlative | singular | plural | ||||
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | κυριότατος • | κυριότατη • | κυριότατο • | κυριότατοι • | κυριότατες • | κυριότατα • |
genitive | κυριότατου • | κυριότατης • | κυριότατου • | κυριότατων • | κυριότατων • | κυριότατων • |
accusative | κυριότατο • | κυριότατη • | κυριότατο • | κυριότατους • | κυριότατες • | κυριότατα • |
vocative | κυριότατε • | κυριότατη • | κυριότατο • | κυριότατοι • | κυριότατες • | κυριότατα • |
Derived terms
- κύρια σελίδα f (kýria selída, “home page”)
- κυρίως (kyríos, “mainly”)
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ιος
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek adjectives
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek lemmas
- Greek nouns
- Greek masculine nouns
- Greek nouns declining like 'άνθρωπος'
- Greek adjectives
- Greek adjectives in declension ος-α-ο
- Greek terms of address