λυπέω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From λῡ́πη (lū́pē, “pain”) +‎ -έω (-éō).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /lyː.pé.ɔː/ → /lyˈpe.o/ → /liˈpe.o/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /lyː.pé.ɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /lyˈpɛ.o/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /lyˈpe.o/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /lyˈpe.o/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /liˈpe.o/

Verb

λῡπέω • (lūpéō)

1. to give pain to, to pain, distress, grieve, vex
   • 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 401
   • 438 BCE, Euripides, Alcestis 239
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 3.10.15
   • 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Cyclops 338
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.144
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 3.3.50
   • 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 41E
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 7.7.12
   • 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 135
   • 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 74
   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 59
   • 386 BCE – 367 BCE, Plato, Cratylus 393E
   1. (absolute) to cause pain or grief
      • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 589
      • 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 573
      • 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 1231
   2. (in historical writers, of cavalry and light troops) to harass, annoy
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.40
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.66
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 6.3.14
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 2.3.23
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.53
      • 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 1427
2. (passive, future middle) to be pained, grieved, distressed, sad, to grieve
   • 431 BCE, Euripides, Medea 474
   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 555
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.100
   • 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, On the Murder of Eratosthenes 11
   • 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 494A
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Philebus 36A
   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 1086
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.64
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Philebus 52B
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 3.9.8
   • 431 BCE, Euripides, Medea 286
   • 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 27
   • 413 BCE, Euripides, Ion 632
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 689B
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 354D

Inflection

   Present: λῡπέω, λῡπέομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	λῡπέω	λῡπέεις	λῡπέει	λῡπέετον	λῡπέετον	λῡπέομεν	λῡπέετε	λῡπέουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	λῡπέω	λῡπέῃς	λῡπέῃ	λῡπέητον	λῡπέητον	λῡπέωμεν	λῡπέητε	λῡπέωσῐ(ν)
	optative	λῡπέοιμῐ	λῡπέοις	λῡπέοι	λῡπέοιτον	λῡπεοίτην	λῡπέοιμεν	λῡπέοιτε	λῡπέοιεν
	imperative		λῡ́πεε	λῡπεέτω	λῡπέετον	λῡπεέτων		λῡπέετε	λῡπεόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	λῡπέομαι	λῡπέῃ, λῡπέει	λῡπέεται	λῡπέεσθον	λῡπέεσθον	λῡπεόμεθᾰ	λῡπέεσθε	λῡπέονται
	subjunctive	λῡπέωμαι	λῡπέῃ	λῡπέηται	λῡπέησθον	λῡπέησθον	λῡπεώμεθᾰ	λῡπέησθε	λῡπέωνται
	optative	λῡπεοίμην	λῡπέοιο	λῡπέοιτο	λῡπέοισθον	λῡπεοίσθην	λῡπεοίμεθᾰ	λῡπέοισθε	λῡπέοιντο
	imperative		λῡπέου	λῡπεέσθω	λῡπέεσθον	λῡπεέσθων		λῡπέεσθε	λῡπεέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		λῡπέειν				λῡπέεσθαι
participle	m	λῡπέων				λῡπεόμενος
	f	λῡπέουσᾰ				λῡπεομένη
	n	λῡπέον				λῡπεόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Present: λῡπῶ, λῡποῦμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	λῡπῶ	λῡπεῖς	λῡπεῖ	λῡπεῖτον	λῡπεῖτον	λῡποῦμεν	λῡπεῖτε	λῡποῦσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	λῡπῶ	λῡπῇς	λῡπῇ	λῡπῆτον	λῡπῆτον	λῡπῶμεν	λῡπῆτε	λῡπῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	λῡποίην, λῡποῖμῐ	λῡποίης, λῡποῖς	λῡποίη, λῡποῖ	λῡποῖτον, λῡποίητον	λῡποίτην, λῡποιήτην	λῡποῖμεν, λῡποίημεν	λῡποῖτε, λῡποίητε	λῡποῖεν, λῡποίησᾰν
	imperative		λῡ́πει	λῡπείτω	λῡπεῖτον	λῡπείτων		λῡπεῖτε	λῡπούντων
middle/ passive	indicative	λῡποῦμαι	λῡπεῖ, λῡπῇ	λῡπεῖται	λῡπεῖσθον	λῡπεῖσθον	λῡπούμεθᾰ	λῡπεῖσθε	λῡποῦνται
	subjunctive	λῡπῶμαι	λῡπῇ	λῡπῆται	λῡπῆσθον	λῡπῆσθον	λῡπώμεθᾰ	λῡπῆσθε	λῡπῶνται
	optative	λῡποίμην	λῡποῖο	λῡποῖτο	λῡποῖσθον	λῡποίσθην	λῡποίμεθᾰ	λῡποῖσθε	λῡποῖντο
	imperative		λῡποῦ	λῡπείσθω	λῡπεῖσθον	λῡπείσθων		λῡπεῖσθε	λῡπείσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		λῡπεῖν				λῡπεῖσθαι
participle	m	λῡπῶν				λῡπούμενος
	f	λῡποῦσᾰ				λῡπουμένη
	n	λῡποῦν				λῡπούμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

References

• λυπέω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• λυπέω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• λυπέω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• G3076 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979