μιμνήσκω
Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mneh₂- (“to remind”), which is generally thought to be a root extension of *men- (“to remember, think”), with inchoative suffix -σκω (-skō). Beekes and Rix propose that this term may have been a secondary formation, perhaps following the same pattern as terms such as γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō). Rix proposes that the original formation may be attested in μνήσκεται (mnḗsketai), which may derive from Proto-Indo-European *mṇh₂-sḱé-ti.[1] However, the linguist Andreas Willi suggests that μνήσκεται (mnḗsketai) was perhaps simply an artifical creation.[2]
Cognates include μνάομαι (mnáomai, “to be mindful”), Sanskrit अम्नासिषु (amnāsiṣu), मम्नौ (mamnau, “remember, repeat in the mind”, perfect).[3]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /mim.nɛ̌ːs.kɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /mimˈne̝s.ko/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /mimˈnis.ko/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /mimˈnis.ko/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /mimˈnis.ko/
Verb
[edit]μῐμνήσκω • (mĭmnḗskō)
- (active voice)
- (transitive) to remind [with accusative ‘someone’ and genitive ‘of something’], to put in mind
- c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.407–408:
- τῶν νῦν μιν μνήσασα παρέζεο καὶ λαβὲ γούνων
αἴ κέν πως ἐθέλῃσιν ἐπὶ Τρώεσσιν ἀρῆξαι, […]- tôn nûn min mnḗsasa parézeo kaì labè goúnōn
aí kén pōs ethélēisin epì Trṓessin arêxai, […]
- Translation by Samuel Butler
- Go, then, to him, remind him of all this, clasp his knees, and bid him give succour to the Trojans.
- tôn nûn min mnḗsasa parézeo kaì labè goúnōn
- τῶν νῦν μιν μνήσασα παρέζεο καὶ λαβὲ γούνων
- 6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 1123
- (transitive) to recall something to memory, to make famous
- (transitive) to remind [with accusative ‘someone’ and genitive ‘of something’], to put in mind
- (middle and passive voice)
- (transitive) to call to mind, to remember [with genitive or (less commonly) accusative ‘something, someone’]
- to remember [with infinitive ‘that ...’]
- (after Homer) to remember [with participle ‘doing’]
- (intransitive) to bear in mind, to not forget
- (transitive) to remember aloud, to mention [with genitive ‘something’]
- (transitive) to give heed to [with genitive ‘someone’]
- (transitive) to call to mind, to remember [with genitive or (less commonly) accusative ‘something, someone’]
Conjugation
[edit]| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐμῐ́μνησκον | ἐμῐ́μνησκες | ἐμῐ́μνησκε(ν) | ἐμῐμνήσκετον | ἐμῐμνησκέτην | ἐμῐμνήσκομεν | ἐμῐμνήσκετε | ἐμῐ́μνησκον | ||||
| middle/ |
indicative | ἐμῐμνησκόμην | ἐμῐμνήσκου | ἐμῐμνήσκετο | ἐμῐμνήσκεσθον | ἐμῐμνησκέσθην | ἐμῐμνησκόμεθᾰ | ἐμῐμνήσκεσθε | ἐμῐμνήσκοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | μνήσω | μνήσεις | μνήσει | μνήσετον | μνήσετον | μνήσομεν | μνήσετε | μνήσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | μνήσοιμῐ | μνήσοις | μνήσοι | μνήσοιτον | μνησοίτην | μνήσοιμεν | μνήσοιτε | μνήσοιεν | |||||
| middle | indicative | μνήσομαι | μνήσῃ, μνήσει |
μνήσεται | μνήσεσθον | μνήσεσθον | μνησόμεθᾰ | μνήσεσθε | μνήσονται | ||||
| optative | μνησοίμην | μνήσοιο | μνήσοιτο | μνήσοισθον | μνησοίσθην | μνησοίμεθᾰ | μνήσοισθε | μνήσοιντο | |||||
| passive | indicative | μνησθήσομαι | μνησθήσῃ, μνησθήσει |
μνησθήσεται | μνησθήσεσθον | μνησθήσεσθον | μνησθησόμεθᾰ | μνησθήσεσθε | μνησθήσονται | ||||
| optative | μνησθησοίμην | μνησθήσοιο | μνησθήσοιτο | μνησθήσοισθον | μνησθησοίσθην | μνησθησοίμεθᾰ | μνησθήσοισθε | μνησθήσοιντο | |||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | μνήσειν | μνήσεσθαι | μνησθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | μνήσων | μνησόμενος | μνησθησόμενος | |||||||||
| f | μνήσουσᾰ | μνησομένη | μνησθησομένη | ||||||||||
| n | μνῆσον | μνησόμενον | μνησθησόμενον | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐμεμνήκειν, ἐμεμνήκη |
ἐμεμνήκεις, ἐμεμνήκης |
ἐμεμνήκει(ν) | ἐμεμνήκετον | ἐμεμνηκέτην | ἐμεμνήκεμεν | ἐμεμνήκετε | ἐμεμνήκεσᾰν | ||||
| middle/ |
indicative | ἐμεμνήμην | ἐμέμνησο | ἐμέμνητο | ἐμέμνησθον | ἐμεμνήσθην | ἐμεμνήμεθᾰ | ἐμέμνησθε | ἐμέμνηντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ |
indicative | μεμνήσομαι | μεμνήσῃ, μεμνήσει |
μεμνήσεται | μεμνήσεσθον | μεμνήσεσθον | μεμνησόμεθᾰ | μεμνήσεσθε | μεμνήσονται | ||||
| optative | μεμνησοίμην | μεμνήσοιο | μεμνήσοιτο | μεμνήσοισθον | μεμνησοίσθην | μεμνησοίμεθᾰ | μεμνήσοισθε | μεμνήσοιντο | |||||
| middle/ | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | μεμνήσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | μεμνησόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | μεμνησομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | μεμνησόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]- ἀναμιμνήσκω (anamimnḗskō)
- ἐπαναμιμνῄσκω (epanamimnēískō)
- ἐπιμιμνήσκομαι (epimimnḗskomai)
- παρυπομιμνήσκω (parupomimnḗskō)
- προαναμιμνήσκω (proanamimnḗskō)
- προμιμνήσκω (promimnḗskō)
- προσαναμιμνήσκω (prosanamimnḗskō)
- προσυπομιμνήσκω (prosupomimnḗskō)
- συναναμιμνήσκω (sunanamimnḗskō)
- ὑπομιμνήσκω (hupomimnḗskō)
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*mneh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 447
- ^ Willi, Andreas (2018), Origins of the Greek Verb[1], Cambridge University Press, , →ISBN, page 487
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “μιμνήσκω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 953-4
Further reading
[edit]- “μιμνήσκω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “μιμνήσκω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “μιμνήσκω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- “μιμνήσκω” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- μιμνήσκω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “amnesia”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[2], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- μιμνήσκω, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mneh₂-
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- (think)
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -σκω
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek transitive verbs
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations
- Ancient Greek intransitive verbs
- grc:Thinking