μόσχος

Ancient Greek

Etymology 1

According to Beekes, related to Old Armenian մոզի (mozi, “calf”) and maybe from a Proto-Indo-European *mosǵʰ-o- (“young of an animal; young shoot”). The appurtenance of Lithuanian mãzgas (“bud of a tree; knot”) to the Greco-Armenian terms is less certain and straightforward.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /mós.kʰos/ → /ˈmos.xos/ → /ˈmos.xos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /mós.kʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.kʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.xos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.xos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.xos/

Noun

μόσχος • (móskhos) m (genitive μόσχου); second declension

1. young shoot or twig
2. (botany) leafstalk; petiole
3. calf; young bull
4. any young animal

Declension

Second declension of ὁ μόσχος; τοῦ μόσχου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ μόσχος ho móskhos	τὼ μόσχω tṑ móskhō	οἱ μόσχοι hoi móskhoi
Genitive	τοῦ μόσχου toû móskhou	τοῖν μόσχοιν toîn móskhoin	τῶν μόσχων tôn móskhōn
Dative	τῷ μόσχῳ tōî móskhōi	τοῖν μόσχοιν toîn móskhoin	τοῖς μόσχοις toîs móskhois
Accusative	τὸν μόσχον tòn móskhon	τὼ μόσχω tṑ móskhō	τοὺς μόσχους toùs móskhous
Vocative	μόσχε móskhe	μόσχω móskhō	μόσχοι móskhoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• μονόμοσχος (monómoskhos)
• μοσχᾰ́ρῐον (moskhắrĭon)
• μοσχᾰ́ς (moskhắs)
• μοσχεῐ́ᾱ (moskheĭ́ā)
• μόσχευμᾰ (móskheumă)
• μόσχευσῐς (móskheusĭs)
• μοσχεύω (moskheúō)
• μοσχῆ (moskhê)
• μοσχηδόν (moskhēdón)
• μοσχῐ́ᾱς (moskhĭ́ās)
• μοσχῐ́δῐον (moskhĭ́dĭon)
• μόσχῐνος (móskhĭnos)
• μοσχῐ́ον (moskhĭ́on)
• μόσχῐος (móskhĭos)
• μοσχοποιέω (moskhopoiéō)
• μοσχόταυρος (moskhótauros)
• μοσχοτομέᾱ (moskhotoméā)
• μοσχοτόμος (moskhotómos)
• μοσχοτρόφος (moskhotróphos)
• μοσχοφᾰ́γος (moskhophắgos)
• μοσχών (moskhṓn)

Descendants

• → Classical Syriac: ܡܘܣܟܘܣ

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (mwšk' /⁠*mušk⁠/), itself from Sanskrit मु॒ष्क (muṣká, “testicle”); compare also μύσχον (múskhon, “genitalia”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /mós.kʰos/ → /ˈmos.xos/ → /ˈmos.xos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /mós.kʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.kʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.xos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.xos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.xos/

Noun

μόσχος • (móskhos) m (genitive μόσχου); second declension

1. musk

Declension

Second declension of ὁ μόσχος; τοῦ μόσχου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ μόσχος ho móskhos	τὼ μόσχω tṑ móskhō	οἱ μόσχοι hoi móskhoi
Genitive	τοῦ μόσχου toû móskhou	τοῖν μόσχοιν toîn móskhoin	τῶν μόσχων tôn móskhōn
Dative	τῷ μόσχῳ tōî móskhōi	τοῖν μόσχοιν toîn móskhoin	τοῖς μόσχοις toîs móskhois
Accusative	τὸν μόσχον tòn móskhon	τὼ μόσχω tṑ móskhō	τοὺς μόσχους toùs móskhous
Vocative	μόσχε móskhe	μόσχω móskhō	μόσχοι móskhoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• μοσχῑ́της (moskhī́tēs)

Descendants

• Greek: μόσχος (móschos)
  • → Romanian: mosc
• → Late Latin: muscus (see there for further descendants)
• → Translingual: Moschus

Further reading

• “μόσχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• μόσχος in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “μόσχος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• Kühn, Carl Gottlob (1833), Moschi antiquitates‎^[1] (in Latin), Leipzig, 10 pp.