οἶκος

See also: οίκος and ϝοῖκος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ϝοῖκος (woîkos)
ͷοῖκυ (woîku) — Pamphylian

Etymology

From ϝοῖκος (woîkos), from Proto-Hellenic *wóikos, from Proto-Indo-European *weyḱ- (“to enter, settle; settlement, homestead, village”).^[1] Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀺𐀒 (wo-ko /⁠wojkos⁠/, “home”), Latin vīcus (whence English wick (“village”)), Proto-Slavic *vьsь (“village”), Sanskrit विश् (víś) and वेश (veśá), Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍃 (weihs, “village”), and Albanian vis.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ôi̯.kos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈy.kos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈy.kos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈy.kos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈi.kos/

Noun

οἶκος • (oîkos) m (genitive οἴκου); second declension

dwelling place, settlement, house
- c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.471:
  γέρων δ’ ἰθὺς κίεν οἴκου
  gérōn d’ ithùs kíen oíkou
  but the old man went straight toward the house
- c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 23.7:
  ἦλθ’ Ὀδυσεὺς καὶ οἶκον ἱκάνεται
  êlth’ Oduseùs kaì oîkon hikánetai
  Odysseus is here, and has come home
room, chamber
- c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.356:
  ἀλλ’ εἰς οἶκον ἰοῦσα τὰ σ’ αὐτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε
  all’ eis oîkon ioûsa tà s’ autês érga kómize
  But go to thy chamber, and busy thyself with thine own tasks
meeting tent, meeting house, hall, monument
- 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.143
- 408 BCE, Euripides, The Phoenician Women 1373
- 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 600
- 70 CE – 90 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 21:13
- 36 BCE – 30 BCE, Diodorus Siculus, Historical Library 1.51
birdcage
- 36 BCE – 30 BCE, Diodorus Siculus, Historical Library 13.82
- 175 CE – 235 CE, Claudius Aelianus, On the Nature of Animals 12.7
- 120 CE – 175 CE, Vettius Valens, Anthology 7.25
- 300 CE – 500 CE, Book of Sothis 2.141
- 1115 – 1195, Eustathius Thessalonicensis 162.2
estate, inheritance
- c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.64:
  οὐδ’ ἔτι καλῶς οἶκος ἐμὸς διόλωλε
  oud’ éti kalôs oîkos emòs diólōle
  and past all that is seemly has my estate been destroyed
reigning family
- 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.31.4:
  σὺ ἐς οἶκον τὸν βασιλέος ἐξηγητὴς γίνεαι πρηγμάτων ἀγαθῶν
  sù es oîkon tòn basiléos exēgētḕs gíneai prēgmátōn agathôn
  This plan which you set forth is profitable for the king's house

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ οἶκος; τοῦ οἴκου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ οἶκος ho oîkos	τὼ οἴκω tṑ oíkō	οἱ οἶκοι hoi oîkoi
Genitive	τοῦ οἴκου toû oíkou	τοῖν οἴκοιν toîn oíkoin	τῶν οἴκων tôn oíkōn
Dative	τῷ οἴκῳ tōî oíkōi	τοῖν οἴκοιν toîn oíkoin	τοῖς οἴκοις toîs oíkois
Accusative	τὸν οἶκον tòn oîkon	τὼ οἴκω tṑ oíkō	τοὺς οἴκους toùs oíkous
Vocative	οἶκε oîke	οἴκω oíkō	οἶκοι oîkoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of οἶκος; οἴκοιο / οἴκοο / οἴκου (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	οἶκος oîkos	οἴκω oíkō	οἶκοι oîkoi
Genitive	οἴκοιο / οἴκοο / οἴκου oíkoio / oíkoo / oíkou	οἴκοιῐ̈ν oíkoiĭ̈n	οἴκων oíkōn
Dative	οἴκῳ oíkōi	οἴκοιῐ̈ν oíkoiĭ̈n	οἴκοισῐ / οἴκοισῐν / οἴκοις oíkoisĭ(n) / oíkois
Accusative	οἶκον oîkon	οἴκω oíkō	οἴκους oíkous
Vocative	οἶκε oîke	οἴκω oíkō	οἶκοι oîkoi
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Second declension of ὁ ϝοῖκος; τοῦ ϝοίκω (Laconian)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ϝοῖκος ho woîkos	τὼ ϝοίκω tṑ woíkō	τοὶ ϝοῖκοι toì woîkoi
Genitive	τοῦ ϝοίκω toû woíkō	τοῖν ϝοίκοιν toîn woíkoin	τῶν ϝοίκων tôn woíkōn
Dative	τῷ ϝοίκῳ tōî woíkōi	τοῖν ϝοίκοιν toîn woíkoin	τοῖς ϝοίκοις toîs woíkois
Accusative	τὸν ϝοῖκον tòn woîkon	τὼ ϝοίκω tṑ woíkō	τὼς ϝοίκως tṑs woíkōs
Vocative	ϝοῖκε woîke	ϝοίκω woíkō	ϝοῖκοι woîkoi
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Synonyms

Synonyms: τέμενος (témenos), δόμος (dómos)

Derived terms

κάτοικος (kátoikos)
Μενοικεύς (Menoikeús)
μύλοικος (múloikos)
οἰκοβᾰσῐλικόν (oikobăsĭlikón)
οἰκόβῐος (oikóbĭos)
οἰκογενής (oikogenḗs)
οἰκοδέγμων (oikodégmōn)
οἰκοδέκτωρ (oikodéktōr)
οἰκοδεσπόζω (oikodespózō)
οἰκοδέσποινᾰ (oikodéspoină)
οἰκοδεσπότης (oikodespótēs)
οἰκοδῐ́αιτος (oikodĭ́aitos)
οἰκοδομέω (oikodoméō)
οἰκοδοχεύς (oikodokheús)
οἰκόθετος (oikóthetos)
οἰκόθρεπτος (oikóthreptos)
οἰκοκερδής (oikokerdḗs)
οἰκοκρᾰτέομαι (oikokrătéomai)
οἰκομᾰχῐ́ᾱ (oikomăkhĭ́ā)
οἰκονομέω (oikonoméō)
οἰκοποιός (oikopoiós)
οἰκόσῑτος (oikósītos)
οἰκοσκευή (oikoskeuḗ)
οἰκοσκοπικόν (oikoskopikón)
οἰκοσόος (oikosóos)
οἰκοτρᾰφής (oikotrăphḗs)
οἴκοτριψ (oíkotrips)
οἰκότροφος (oikótrophos)
οἰκοτῠ́ραννος (oikotŭ́rannos)
οἰκουργός (oikourgós)
οἰκουρός (oikourós)
οἰκόφθορος (oikóphthoros)
οἰκοφόρος (oikophóros)
οἰκοφῠ́λαξ (oikophŭ́lax)
οἰκῶνᾰξ (oikônăx)
οἰκωφελής (oikōphelḗs)
πᾰ́ροικος (pắroikos)

Related terms

οἴκᾰδε (oíkăde)
οἰκᾰ́ρῐον (oikắrĭon)
οἴκει (oíkei)
οἰκεῖος (oikeîos)
οἰκέτης (oikétēs)
οἰκεύς (oikeús)
οἰκέω (oikéō)
οἰκῐ́ᾱ (oikĭ́ā)
οἰκῐ́δῐος (oikĭ́dĭos)
οἰκῐ́ζω (oikĭ́zō)
οἰκῐ́ον (oikĭ́on)
οἴκισῐς (oíkisĭs)
οἰκῐ́σκος (oikĭ́skos)
οἴκοθεν (oíkothen)
οἴκοι (oíkoi)
οἶκόνδε (oîkónde)
οἴκοσε (oíkose)

Descendants

Greek: οίκος (oíkos)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “οἶκος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1055-6