παρεμβολή

Ancient Greek

FWOTD – 4 March 2023

Etymology

From πᾰρεμβᾰ́λλω (parembállō, “to insert, interpolate”) +‎ -η (-ē).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pa.rem.bo.lɛ̌ː/ → /pa.rem.boˈli/ → /pa.rem.boˈli/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pa.rem.bo.lɛ̌ː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pa.rem.boˈle̝/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /pa.rem.boˈli/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /pa.rem.boˈli/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /pa.rem.boˈli/

Noun

πᾰρεμβολή • (parembolḗ) f (genitive πᾰρεμβολῆς); first declension

1. insertion, interpolation
   • 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Ctesiphon 205:

     ἑτέρων παρεμβολῇ πραγμάτων εἰς λήθην ὑμᾶς βούλεται τῆς κατηγορίας ἐμβαλεῖν.

     hetérōn parembolêi pragmátōn eis lḗthēn humâs boúletai tês katēgorías embaleîn.

     He seeks by insertion of extraneous matters to plunge you into forgetfulness of the charge.

2. (grammar) parenthesis; interjection
   • 375 BCE – 275 BCE, Alexis, Fig. 25
   • Tiberius, de Figuris 48
3. drawing up in battle-order
   • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, 11 32.6
   1. company of soldiers
      • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Genesis 33.8:

        τί ταῦτά σοι ἐστί, πᾶσαι αἱ παρεμβολαί αὗται, αἷς ἀπήντηκα;

        tí taûtá soi estí, pâsai hai parembolaí haûtai, haîs apḗntēka?

        What do you mean by all this company which I met?

   2. encampment
      • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Exodus 14.19:

        ἐξῇρε δὲ ὁ ἄγγελος τοῦ Θεοῦ ὁ προπορευόμενος τῆς παρεμβολῆς τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ καὶ ἐπορεύθη ἐκ τῶν ὄπισθεν

        exêire dè ho ángelos toû Theoû ho proporeuómenos tês parembolês tôn huiôn Israḕl kaì eporeúthē ek tôn ópisthen

        The angel of God, who went before the camp of Israel, moved and went behind them

4. (in boxing and wrestling, with βάλλω (bállō)) the act of tripping (an opponent) by twisting the leg
   • 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Swift-of-Foot 60
   • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.638f

Declension

First declension of ἡ πᾰρεμβολή; τῆς πᾰρεμβολῆς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ πᾰρεμβολή hē parembolḗ	τὼ πᾰρεμβολᾱ́ tṑ parembolā́	αἱ πᾰρεμβολαί hai parembolaí
Genitive	τῆς πᾰρεμβολῆς tês parembolês	τοῖν πᾰρεμβολαῖν toîn parembolaîn	τῶν πᾰρεμβολῶν tôn parembolôn
Dative	τῇ πᾰρεμβολῇ têi parembolêi	τοῖν πᾰρεμβολαῖν toîn parembolaîn	ταῖς πᾰρεμβολαῖς taîs parembolaîs
Accusative	τὴν πᾰρεμβολήν tḕn parembolḗn	τὼ πᾰρεμβολᾱ́ tṑ parembolā́	τᾱ̀ς πᾰρεμβολᾱ́ς tā̀s parembolā́s
Vocative	πᾰρεμβολή parembolḗ	πᾰρεμβολᾱ́ parembolā́	πᾰρεμβολαί parembolaí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• (interjection): ἐπῐφώνημᾰ (epiphṓnēma)
• (encampment): πᾰρέμβλησῐς (parémblēsis)

Derived terms

• πᾰρεμβολῐκός (parembolikós)
• πᾰρεμβολοειδής (paremboloeidḗs)
• πᾰρεμβολοθέτης (parembolothétēs)

Descendants

• → English: parembole (learned)

Further reading

• “παρεμβολή”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “παρεμβολή”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• παρεμβολή in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• G3925 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • insertion idem, page 444.
  • interpolation idem, page 452.
• M. Wright: A New Greek-English and English-Greek Lexicon - A Greek and English Lexicon, On a Plan Entirely New: In Four Parts; Greek; Greek-English, Difficult Inflexions, English-Greek, and Proper Names. 7th edition, London, 1843, p.117
• Anweisung zur Lateinischen Sprache, aus Emmanuelis Alvari S. J. Institutionibus Grammaticis, Von einem Priester bemeldter Gesellschaft kurz zusammen gezogen. Worzu noch kommen: Anfangsgründe der Lateinischen Verskunst; [...] Zum Gebrauch der Schulen der Gesellschaft JEsu in der Oberdeutschen Provinz. New and improved edition, 1770, p.326 (spelled: παρεμβολὴ)