φόρμιγξ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰór.miŋks/ → /ˈɸor.miŋks/ → /ˈfor.miŋks/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰór.miŋks/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpʰor.miŋks/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɸor.miŋks/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈfor.miŋks/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈfor.miŋks/

Noun

φόρμῐγξ • (phórmĭnx) f (genitive φόρμῐγγος); third declension

1. (chiefly poetic, music) lyre; phorminx
   • c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.568:

     οὐδέ τι θυμὸς ἐδεύετο δαιτὸς ἐΐσης, οὐ μὲν φόρμιγγος περικαλλέος ἣν ἔχ’ Ἀπόλλων

     oudé ti thumòs edeúeto daitòs eḯsēs, ou mèn phórmingos perikalléos hḕn ékh’ Apóllōn

     Nor did their heart lack anything of the equal feast, nor of the beauteous lyre, that Apollo held.

Declension

Third declension of ἡ φόρμῐγξ; τῆς φόρμῐγγος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ φόρμῐγξ hē phórmĭnx	τὼ φόρμῐγγε tṑ phórmĭnge	αἱ φόρμῐγγες hai phórmĭnges
Genitive	τῆς φόρμῐγγος tês phórmĭngos	τοῖν φορμῐ́γγοιν toîn phormĭ́ngoin	τῶν φορμῐ́γγων tôn phormĭ́ngōn
Dative	τῇ φόρμῐγγῐ tēî phórmĭngĭ	τοῖν φορμῐ́γγοιν toîn phormĭ́ngoin	ταῖς φόρμῐγξῐ / φόρμῐγξῐν taîs phórmĭnxĭ(n)
Accusative	τὴν φόρμῐγγᾰ tḕn phórmĭngă	τὼ φόρμῐγγε tṑ phórmĭnge	τᾱ̀ς φόρμῐγγᾰς tā̀s phórmĭngăs
Vocative	φόρμῐγξ phórmĭnx	φόρμῐγγε phórmĭnge	φόρμῐγγες phórmĭnges
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of φόρμῐγξ; φόρμῐγγος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	φόρμῐγξ phórmĭnx	φόρμῐγγε phórmĭnge	φόρμῐγγες phórmĭnges
Genitive	φόρμῐγγος phórmĭngos	φορμῐ́γγοιῐ̈ν phormĭ́ngoiĭ̈n	φορμῐ́γγων phormĭ́ngōn
Dative	φόρμῐγγῐ phórmĭngĭ	φορμῐ́γγοιῐ̈ν phormĭ́ngoiĭ̈n	φόρμῐγξῐ / φόρμῐγξῐν / φορμῐ́γγεσῐ / φορμῐ́γγεσῐν / φορμῐ́γγεσσῐ / φορμῐ́γγεσσῐν phórmĭnxĭ(n) / phormĭ́ngesĭ(n) / phormĭ́ngessĭ(n)
Accusative	φόρμῐγγᾰ phórmĭngă	φόρμῐγγε phórmĭnge	φόρμῐγγᾰς phórmĭngăs
Vocative	φόρμῐγξ phórmĭnx	φόρμῐγγε phórmĭnge	φόρμῐγγες phórmĭnges
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• ᾰ̓νᾰξῐφόρμῐγξ (ănăxĭphórmĭnx)
• ᾰ̓φόρμῐκτος (ăphórmĭktos)
• δῠσφόρμῐγξ (dŭsphórmĭnx)
• εὐφόρμῐγξ (euphórmĭnx)
• ποικῐλοφόρμῐγξ (poikĭlophórmĭnx)
• φῐλοφόρμῐγξ (phĭlophórmĭnx)
• φορμῐ́ζω (phormĭ́zō)
• φορμῐκτήρ (phormĭktḗr)
• φορμῐκτής (phormĭktḗs)
• φορμῐκτός (phormĭktós)

References

• “φόρμιγξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “φόρμιγξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “φόρμιγξ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• “φόρμιγξ” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• φόρμιγξ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “φόρμιγξ”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • harp idem, page 386.
  • lyre idem, page 506.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN