ψωμός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Traditionally compared to Sanskrit प्साति (psāti, “to eat, consume”). However, Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin, together with ψάω (psáō, “to rub, wipe”), ψωλός (psōlós, “circumcized”), ψώρα (psṓra, “mange”), ψωρός (psōrós, “itchy, scabby”) and ψωχός (psōkhós, “sandy”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /psɔː.mós/ → /psoˈmos/ → /psoˈmos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /psɔː.mós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /psoˈmos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /psoˈmos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /psoˈmos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /psoˈmos/

Noun

ψωμός • (psōmós) m (genitive ψωμοῦ); second declension

1. morsel, bit

   Synonyms: ἄκολος (ákolos), ἀττᾰ́ρᾰγος (attáragos), βλωμός (blōmós), ψῑ́ξ (psī́x)

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ψωμός; τοῦ ψωμοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ψωμός ho psōmós	τὼ ψωμώ tṑ psōmṓ	οἱ ψωμοί hoi psōmoí
Genitive	τοῦ ψωμοῦ toû psōmoû	τοῖν ψωμοῖν toîn psōmoîn	τῶν ψωμῶν tôn psōmôn
Dative	τῷ ψωμῷ tôi psōmôi	τοῖν ψωμοῖν toîn psōmoîn	τοῖς ψωμοῖς toîs psōmoîs
Accusative	τὸν ψωμόν tòn psōmón	τὼ ψωμώ tṑ psōmṓ	τοὺς ψωμούς toùs psōmoús
Vocative	ψωμέ psōmé	ψωμώ psōmṓ	ψωμοί psōmoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ψώμηξ (psṓmēx)
• ψωμόδουλος (psōmódoulos)
• ψωμοκόλᾰξ (psōmokólax)
• ψωμοκόλᾰφος (psōmokólaphos)
• ψωμόλεθρος (psōmólethros)
• ψωμᾰ́ρῐον (psōmárion)
• ψώμῐγξ (psṓminx)
• ψωμῐ́ζω (psōmízō)
• ψωμῐ́ον (psōmíon)
• ψωμῐ́ς (psōmís)
• ψωμῐσμός (psōmismós)
• ψώμῐσμᾰ (psṓmisma)

 

Further reading

• “ψωμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ψωμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ψωμός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN