бая

Bulgarian

Alternative forms

• ба́ям (bájam) — with generalized ja-conjugation

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-

Proto-Indo-European *-ti

Proto-Indo-European *bʰéh₂ti

Proto-Balto-Slavic *bā́ˀtei

Proto-Slavic *bàjati

Bulgarian бая

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bàjati.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbajɐ]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ajɐ
• Syllabification^(key): ба‧я
• Hyphenation^(key): бая

Verb

ба́я • (bája) first-singular present indicative, impf

1. (intransitive) to charm, to enchant, to mutter incantations

   Synonyms: чароде́йствам (čarodéjstvam), врачу́вам (vračúvam)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of ба́я (conjugation 1.6, imperfective, intransitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	ба́ещ báešt	ба́ял, бая́л1 bájal, bajál1	ба́ел báel	—		ба́ейки báejki
	definite subject form	ба́ещият báeštijat	ба́ялият, бая́лият1 bájalijat, bajálijat1	—	—
	definite object form	ба́ещия báeštija	ба́ялия, бая́лия1 bájalija, bajálija1	—	—
feminine	indefinite	ба́еща báešta	ба́яла, бая́ла1 bájala, bajála1	ба́ела báela	—
	definite	ба́ещата báeštata	ба́ялата, бая́лата1 bájalata, bajálata1	—	—
neuter	indefinite	ба́ещо báešto	ба́яло, бая́ло1 bájalo, bajálo1	ба́ело báelo	—	ба́яне, ба́ене bájane, báene
	definite	ба́ещото báeštoto	ба́ялото, бая́лото1 bájaloto, bajáloto1	—	—	ба́янето, ба́енето bájaneto, báeneto
plural	indefinite	ба́ещи báešti	ба́яли, бая́ли1 bájali, bajáli1	ба́ели báeli	—	ба́яния, ба́ения, ба́янета, ба́енета bájanija, báenija, bájaneta, báeneta
	definite	ба́ещите báeštite	ба́ялите, бая́лите1 bájalite, bajálite1	—	—	ба́янията, ба́енията, ба́янетата, ба́енетата bájanijata, báenijata, bájanetata, báenetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		ба́я bája	ба́еш báeš	ба́е báe	ба́ем báem	ба́ете báete	ба́ят bájat
imperfect		ба́ех báeh	ба́еше báeše	ба́еше báeše	ба́ехме báehme	ба́ехте báehte	ба́еха báeha
aorist		ба́ях, бая́х1 bájah, bajáh1	ба́я, бая́1 bája, bajá1	ба́я, бая́1 bája, bajá1	ба́яхме, бая́хме1 bájahme, bajáhme1	ба́яхте, бая́хте1 bájahte, bajáhte1	ба́яха, бая́ха1 bájaha, bajáha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and ба́ял/бая́л1 m, ба́яла/бая́ла1 f, ба́яло/бая́ло1 n, or ба́яли/бая́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and ба́ял/бая́л1 m, ба́яла/бая́ла1 f, ба́яло/бая́ло1 n, or ба́яли/бая́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and ба́ял/бая́л1 m, ба́яла/бая́ла1 f, ба́яло/бая́ло1 n, or ба́яли/бая́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and ба́ял/бая́л1 m, ба́яла/бая́ла1 f, ба́яло/бая́ло1 n, or ба́яли/бая́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ба́ел m, ба́ела f, ба́ело n, or ба́ели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ба́ял/бая́л1 m, ба́яла/бая́ла1 f, ба́яло/бая́ло1 n, or ба́яли/бая́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ба́ял/бая́л1 m, ба́яла/бая́ла1 f, ба́яло/бая́ло1 n, or ба́яли/бая́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and ба́ял/бая́л1 m, ба́яла/бая́ла1 f, ба́яло/бая́ло1 n, or ба́яли/бая́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ба́ел m, ба́ела f, ба́ело n, or ба́ели pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and ба́ял/бая́л1 m, ба́яла/бая́ла1 f, ба́яло/бая́ло1 n, or ба́яли/бая́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and ба́ял/бая́л1 m, ба́яла/бая́ла1 f, ба́яло/бая́ло1 n, or ба́яли/бая́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and ба́ел m, ба́ела f, ба́ело n, or ба́ели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and ба́ял/бая́л1 m, ба́яла/бая́ла1 f, ба́яло/бая́ло1 n, or ба́яли/бая́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and ба́ял/бая́л1 m, ба́яла/бая́ла1 f, ба́яло/бая́ло1 n, or ба́яли/бая́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and ба́ял/бая́л1 m, ба́яла/бая́ла1 f, ба́яло/бая́ло1 n, or ба́яли/бая́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and ба́ял/бая́л1 m, ба́яла/бая́ла1 f, ба́яло/бая́ло1 n, or ба́яли/бая́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			бай baj			ба́йте bájte

¹Dialectally marked.

Derived terms

• баи́ло (baílo), баи́лка (baílka, “spell, incantation”) (instrumental nouns)
• ба́сня (básnja, “fable”)
• баха́р m (bahár), баха́рка f (bahárka) (agent nouns, dialectal/obsolete)
• ба́юкам (bájukam), ба́йвам (bájvam) (semelfactive)
• ба́ян (bájan, “bewitching, enchanting”) (dialectal, past passive participle)
• бая́ние (bajánie), ба́йка (bájka, “enchanting”) (action nouns)
• бая́ч m (bajáč), бая́чка m (bajáčka) (agent nouns, standard)
• забая pf (zabaja), забайвам impf (zabajvam)
• избая pf (izbaja), избайвам impf (izbajvam)
• набая се pf (nabaja se), набайвам се impf (nabajvam se)
• обая pf (obaja), обайвам impf (obajvam)
• отбая pf (otbaja), отбайвам impf (otbajvam, “to cast a charm”) (dialectal)
• побая pf (pobaja), побайвам impf (pobajvam)

Related terms

• ба́лия (bálija, “witchdoctor, enchanter”) (archaic)

References

• “бая (гл.)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• Nayden Gerov (1895), “ба́ѭ, -ешь; ба́ꙗмь”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 30
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “бая”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 38

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish بیاغی (bayağı, “common, coarse”). Also loaned into Serbo-Croatian бајаги.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bɐˈja̟]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ja
• Syllabification^(key): ба‧я
• Hyphenation^(key): бая

Adverb

бая́ • (bajá) (not comparable)

1. (colloquial) much, a lot
2. (colloquial) really

References

• “бая (нарч.)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “бая”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Kyrgyz

Etymology

Compare to Southern Altai байа (baya, “recently”).

Adverb

бая • (baya) (Arabic spelling بايا)

1. recently

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbajə]

Etymology 1

Noun

ба́я • (bája) m anim

1. genitive/accusative singular of бай (baj)

Etymology 2

Participle

ба́я • (bája)

1. present adverbial imperfective participle of ба́ять (bájatʹ)