жир

See also: zir, žir, зір, and zǐr

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žirъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʒir]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

жир • (žir) m (plural жирови)

1. acorn

   Synonym: желад (želad)

Declension

Declension of жир

	singular	plural
indefinite	жир (žir)	жирови (žirovi)
definite unspecified	жирот (žirot)	жировите (žirovite)
definite proximal	жиров (žirov)	жировиве (žirovive)
definite distal	жирон (žiron)	жировине (žirovine)
vocative	жиру (žiru)	жирови (žirovi)
count form	—	жира (žira)

Russian

Alternative forms

• жиръ (žir) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic жиръ (žirŭ), from Proto-Slavic *žirъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʐɨr]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɨr

Noun

жир • (žir) m inan (genitive жи́ра, nominative plural жиры́, genitive plural жиро́в, relational adjective жирово́й or жи́рный, diminutive жиро́к)

1. fat or oil from the body of an animal
2. grease

Declension

Declension of жир (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-c) 

	singular	plural
nominative	жи́р žír	жиры́ žirý
genitive	жи́ра žíra	жиро́в žiróv
dative	жи́ру žíru	жира́м žirám
accusative	жи́р žír	жиры́ žirý
instrumental	жи́ром žírom	жира́ми žirámi
prepositional	жи́ре žíre	жира́х žiráx
partitive	жи́ру žíru
locative	жиру́ žirú

Derived terms

• жире́ть (žirétʹ)
• жирова́ть (žirovátʹ)

See also

• ма́сло (máslo)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žirъ. Related to жи̑в (“alive”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʒîːr/

Noun

жи̑р m (Latin spelling žȋr)

1. acorn
2. (card games) acorns

Declension

Declension of жир

	singular	plural
nominative	жи̑р	жи́рови
genitive	жира	жирова
dative	жиру	жировима
accusative	жир	жирове
vocative	жиру	жирови
locative	жиру	жировима
instrumental	жиром	жировима

Further reading

• “жир”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
• “жир”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Ukrainian

Etymology

From Old East Slavic жиръ (žirŭ), from Proto-Slavic *žirъ.

The sense "clubs" is from a now-obsolete sense of "acorn". Acorns are one of the four suits in German-suited decks and were adapted by French card makers as the clubs suit. Compare Serbo-Croatian жир (“acorn; acorns (the card suit)”), Polish żołądź (“acorn; clubs”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʒɪr]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

жир • (žyr) m inan (genitive жи́ру, nominative plural жири́, genitive plural жирі́в, relational adjective жирови́й)

1. fat or oil from the body of an animal

   Synonym: лій (lij)

2. grease
3. (colloquial, card games) clubs

   Synonym: тре́фа (tréfa)

Declension

Declension of жир
(inan hard masc-form accent-c)

	singular	plural
nominative	жир žyr	жири́ žyrý
genitive	жи́ру žýru	жирі́в žyrív
dative	жи́рові, жи́ру žýrovi, žýru	жира́м žyrám
accusative	жир žyr	жири́ žyrý
instrumental	жи́ром žýrom	жира́ми žyrámy
locative	жиру́ žyrú	жира́х žyráx
vocative	жи́ре žýre	жири́ žyrý

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “жир”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “жир”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “жир”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “жир”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)