кельме

Erzya

Etymology

From Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma).

Cognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma, Eastern Mari кылме (kylme).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kelʲmʲe/

Noun

кельме • (keľme)

1. cold

   Течи вете градуст кельме.

   Teči vete gradust keľme .

   Today it is five degrees cold.

Declension

Indefinite declension of кельме (front-vowel stem (ки) type)

case	singular	plural
nominative (...)	кельме (keľme)	кельметь (keľmeť)
genitive (of ...)	кельмень (keľmeń)	—
dative (to ...)	кельменень (keľmeneń)	—
ablative (than ...)	кельмеде (keľmede)	—
inessive (in ...)	кельмесэ (keľmesë)	—
elative (out of ...)	кельместэ (keľmestë)	—
illative (into ...)	кельмес (keľmes)	—
prolative (through ...)	кельмева (keľmeva)	—
translative (becoming ...)	кельмекс (keľmeks)	—
comparative (like ...)	кельмешка (keľmeška)	—
abessive (without ...)	кельмевтеме (keľmevteme)	—

Adjective

кельме • (keľme)

1. cold

   симемс кельме ведте ― simems keľme vedte ― to drink cold water

References

• B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “кельме”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
• Entry #1311 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
• Keresztes, László (1986) Geschichte der mordwinischen Konsonantismus II. Etymologisches Belegmaterial‎^[1], Szeged: Studia Uralo-Altaica 26.

Moksha

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä, possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma). Cognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kelʲmʲæ/, IPA^(key): /kelʲmæ/

Noun

кельме • (keľmä)

1. frost

Adjective

кельме • (keľme)

1. cold

References

• V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
• Keresztes, László (1986) Geschichte der mordwinischen Konsonantismus II. Etymologisches Belegmaterial‎^[2], Szeged: Studia Uralo-Altaica 26.
• Entry #1311 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.